Woodlice - ndi zolengedwa zamtundu wanji ndipo amakhala kuti? Kutanthauzira ndi kufotokozera zamitundu wamba
Woodlice si tizilombo, koma tizilombo tating'onoting'ono (kafadala kapena nkhanu). Zonsezi, pali mitundu yoposa 3000 ya udzu. Anthu onsewa ali ndi minyewa komanso zipolopolo. Woodlice samira kapena kumira m'madzi, samafera mumayendedwe amadzi. Amakhala m'malo azinyontho kwambiri. Nkhaniyi imafotokoza za mitundu ingapo ya nsabwe zamitengo zomwe zimakhala m'chilengedwe komanso nyumba.
Kutanthauzira mwachidule
Awa ndi ma crustaceans ang'ono: kutalika kwake ndi 10-13 mm. Mtundu wa thupi ndi wotuwa kapena wakuda, mawonekedwe ake ndi otukuka, chowulungika. Gawo lirilonse pa carapace liri ndi miyendo yake iwiri. Zonsezi, ma woodlice ali ndi miyendo isanu ndi iwiri. Pamutu pa anthu pali mitundu iwiri iwiri ya tinyanga, maso ali mbali. Ziwalo zolimba zimapezeka kumapeto kwa thupi, zowoneka ngati ma ponytails owonjezera.
Woodlice amangokhala komanso zolengedwa zochepa. Zikakhala zoopsa, anthu amapinda mpira, ndipo chipolopolo chachikulu cha chitin chimakhala chitetezo chabwino kwa adani.
Munkhaniyi mutha kudziwa zochititsa chidwi za nkhalango, za moyo ndi mitundu ya nkhanuzi.
Pali mitundu ingati?
Chiwerengero cha mitundu yonse yama crustaceans padziko lapansi pafupifupi 3500. Ambiri mwa iwo amakhala m'malo okhala m'madzi. Palibe mitundu yoposa 250 yomwe yazolowera nthaka. Ku Russia, mitundu yoposa 10 ya ma woodlice imakonda nyengo. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndi ochepa chabe oimira ma crustaceans omwe amatha kupirira kutentha pang'ono komanso chinyezi chochepa.
Nchiyani chimakhala m'chilengedwe?
Anthu amapezeka m'malo onse owoneka bwino padziko lonse lapansi.
- Chombo cha nkhondoyi ndi wamba. Habitat - Europe, America. Anthu awa ndi omwe samakonda kukhala ndi msana m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku California.
- Nsabwe zamatabwa. Amakhala m'madzi a Atlantic, Pacific ndi Indian Ocean pakuya kwa 180-200 m.
- Nsabwe za mtengo wowonekera. Nkhalango zamvula, madera a equator ndi mvula yayitali.
Ngakhale kuti chinyezi chimafunikira nthawi zonse, matabwa amatha kupezeka m'malo ovuta kwambiri padziko lapansi - awa ndi chipululu ku Israel ndi North Africa, mabeseni a hypersaline ku Australia.
Phunzirani za momwe woodlice amawonekera pachithunzichi ndi mitundu yanji ya tizilombo yomwe ilipo m'chilengedwe, pezani izi.
M'zipinda ndi m'nyumba
M'nyumba zogona ndi nyumba, pali mitundu iwiri ya nsabwe zamitengo: izi ndi nsabwe zamatabwa kapena armadillo ndi nsabwe zamitengo (zakomwe nsabwe zamatabwa zimachokera, momwe mungachotsere kupezeka kwawo mnyumba, onani apa). Anthu oyamba nthawi zambiri amasankha zipinda zosungiramo zinyalala ndi zipinda zapansi zonyowa. Ma crustaceans okhwima amapezeka m'malo ndi zipata zolowera. Awa ndi anthu oyenda kwambiri, amalimbana mosavuta pansi pa nyumba.
Pazifukwa zomwe nsabwe zamatabwa zimawonekera mnyumba komanso mnyumba momwe mungazichotsere, werengani apa, ndikupeza zazinsalu zamatabwa zomwe zimakhala kubafa ndi chimbudzi pazinthu izi.
Zosiyanasiyana: tanthauzo ndi kufotokozera
Otsatirawa ndi mitundu ya ma crustaceans omwe amakhala mdziko lathu komanso padziko lapansi.
Nkhondo wamba
Dzina lachi Latin ndi Armadillidium vulgare. Ndi woimira lililonse la crustaceans.
Dzina la mitunduyo limafotokozedwa ndi mawonekedwe apadera a kapangidwe ka thupi: chipolopolo chachitini chimakhala cholimba, chamdima, chimakwera pamwamba pa thupi.
Mwakuwoneka, anthu ali ofanana ndi ziwalo zamiyendo iwiri. Thupi la ma crustaceans ndilobululu, limapangidwa ndimagulu (mutu, dera lachiberekero laulere, minyewa) Carapace ndi yakuda komanso yayitali.
Mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino imasiyananso.
Zoyipa
Anthu ali ndi chipolopolo chofewa komanso chosalala, utoto umatha kukhala wotuwa kapena wofiira, wachikaso.
Nkhumba (Porcellio scaber)
Awa ndi oimira ang'onoang'ono amtunduwu omwe sadziwa kupindika kuti akhale mpira pakawopsa. Ili ndi chipolopolo chakunja cholimba chomwe chimasinthidwa pafupipafupi.
Centipede
Dzina lina ndiwomwe amauluka. Kuphatikizidwa ndi dongosolo la nyamakazi, ndi la banja la millipedes. Ili ndi thupi lathyathyathya, logawika, gawo lirilonse limakhala ndi mapapo. Mukamayandikira mchira, kutalika kwa miyendo kumawonjezeka. Zonsezi, anthu ali ndi miyendo 30.
Miyendo yomaliza ndi nsagwada zamiyendo, ndizofunikira kuti agwire nyama. Pamitu ya anthu pali zikhadabo ziwiri zapoizoni. Mtundu wa thupi - imvi-yofiira kapena imvi-bulauni. Centipedes amadya ntchentche, mphemvu.
Nsomba zasiliva
Dzina lachi Latin ndi Lepisma saccharina. Ndi za dongosolo la bristle-tails. Silverfish ili ndi thupi lokhalitsa komanso miyendo yambiri, imayenda mwachangu. Kutalika kwa thupi - 1-2 cm. Mtundu - siliva-imvi. Zakudya - tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi nthata, komanso zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi polysaccharides ndi wowuma (guluu, shuga, mapepala, zithunzi).
Mchira -wiri
Dzina lachiwirili ndikumutu. Iwo ali m'gulu la gulu la tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono. Kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 2-3. Mwa chirombo chawiri, pamimba pokha pagawika, mulibe maso, tinyanga totalika timamera pamutu (mpaka theka la thupi lonse la munthu aliyense). Gawo lotsiriza lili ndi zowonjezera - cerci, mbola. Amatha kukhala owonda kapena olimba ngati zikhadabo. Sizowopsa kwa munthu (za ngati woodlice ndiwopseza anthu komanso momwe zilili zowopsa kuzomera, kunyumba ndi ziweto, werengani apa). Malo okhala michira iwiri ndi yamdima, malo achinyezi.
Zosasintha
Thupi la munthu silowonekera, koma silvery kapena loyera, koma dzuwa limawoneka ngati lowonekera. Anthuwo amapeza utotowu pambuyo pa 3 molt.
Dziwani zambiri zamatabwa oyera pankhaniyi.
M'madzi
Kusiyanitsa kwa oimira nthaka ndikupezeka kwa mchira, zikhadabo zamphamvu pamapazi awo, maso akulu ndi mawonekedwe abwino. Kukula kwa ng'ombeyo kumachokera pa 5-10 mm mpaka 15 cm mpaka 40. Amakhala m'madzi, koma amapita kumtunda (miyala yamiyala, miyala yonyowa). Mofulumira kuposa abale awo akumunda. Mtundu wa chipolopolocho ndi chobiriwira chobiriwira, chofiirira. Zakudyazo zimakhala ndi nsomba zakufa, nyongolotsi, nkhono ndi ndere.
Nsabwe zamatabwa zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi nsabwe zamitengo yam'nyanja. Ndi chimphona chachikulu chotchedwa Bathynomus gigantes. Makulidwe a mtundu waukulu kwambiri: kutalika - 76 cm, kulemera - 1.7 kg. Awa ndi nzika zakuya kwambiri zomwe sizinapitepo kumtunda. Anagwidwa ndi trawler.
Chifukwa chake, ma woodlice ndi ma crustaceans ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhala m'malo achinyezi. Zonsezi, pali mitundu pafupifupi 3500 ya zolengedwa izi, koma mitundu yoposa 250 yasintha kukhala pamtunda. Woyimira wamba ndi woodlice-armadillo wamba. Amapezeka m'chilengedwe komanso m'nyumba zokhalamo. Koma nthawi zambiri, nsabwe za nkhuni zimakhala mnyumba ndi nyumba.