Zowala zokongola za orchid
Orchid ndi duwa lokongola. Malinga ndi nthano, zidachokera ku zidutswa za utawaleza, kotero palibe amene adzadabwe ndi ma orchid achikuda ambiri.
Koma ngati zoyera, zapinki, zofiirira komanso zobiriwira zobiriwira zakhala zikudziwika kale kwa olima maluwa, ndiye kuti lalanje limakupangitsani kuganiza.
Mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti ma orchid a lalanje si nthano chabe. Pali mitundu yosachepera 50 yamtundu wachilendowu padziko lapansi, kuyambira wachikaso chakuda mpaka lalanje lamoto. Tiphunzira zambiri za maluwa odabwitsa awa ndi mitundu yake ndi zithunzi, komanso za chisamaliro choyenera m'nkhaniyi.
Ndi zomera ziti zomwe zili mumtundu uwu?
Maluwa a maluwa osiyanasiyana amatha kutchedwa lalanje. Mdima wachikasu wokhala ndi utoto pang'ono wa lalanje, lalanje wokhala ndi pinki kapena wofiira (ma orchid a lalanje okhala ndi milomo yotuwa ya pinki ndi okongola kwambiri) ndi lalanje wokhala ndi zofiira - zonsezi zidzagulitsidwa pansi pa dzina "orchid lalanje".
Zofunika: pogula maluwa, samalani ndi chinyengo! Oyendetsa maluwa osakhulupirika amatha kugulitsa duwa wofiirira.
Mulimonsemo, nthawi ina maluwa a orchid odulidwa sadzaphuka ndi lalanje lokongola, koma ... yoyera yoyera. Zikakhala zoyipa kwambiri, chomeracho chitha kufa osachotsa utoto wakupha, ndipo mudzadziimba mlandu pachokha chifukwa chokana kutuluka.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji kuti orchid yapatsidwa jakisoni wopanda thanzi? Kuyamba, basi fufuzani kuphulika - pansi pa masamba, pa peduncle kapena pakhosi la duwa. Onaninso mizu - ngati mtundu wake siwachilengedwe (wobiriwira ndi siliva), ndiye kuti simuyenera kutenga chomera choterocho. Chizindikiro china ndi mawanga owala bwino omwe amaonekera pamizu, masamba ndi ma peduncles.
Kufotokozera ndi zithunzi za mitundu
Ndizosatheka kutchula mitundu yonse ya maluwa a lalanje munkhani imodzi. Tidzafotokozera zokongola kwambiri komanso zomwe zimatha kulimidwa kunyumba, komanso zithunzi zowonetsa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya orchid ya lalanje.
Ng'ombe
Amaonedwa kuti ndi okongola kwambiri pa maluwa achikasu a lalanje, ngakhale kukongola kwawo ndi nkhani yapayokha. Ma inflorescence a Catalogya ndi akulu, opaka utoto wofiira wachikaso kwambiri. Milomo yayikulu ya velvet ya lalanje wolemera imawonekera.
Chomeracho ndi chochititsa chidwi chifukwa chimakonda kusiyana pakati pa kutentha kwa usana ndi usiku (kawirikawiri ma orchid samakonda izi). Ngati palibe kusiyana kwa 5 ºС, maluwa sangadikire. Amakula pakatentha + 16-20 ºС komanso chinyezi chokwanira (nthawi zina mutha kupopera nthaka). Imakhala ndi nthawi yopumula kwambiri, pomwe kuthirira kumayima pafupifupi kwathunthu, koma nthawi yachilimwe kuyenera kukhala kochuluka.
Ascocenda
Maluwa okongola a lalanje ndi a haibridi ndipo adalengedwa powoloka mbewu za Ascocentrum ndi Vanda. Zotsatira zake ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri chokhala ndi inflorescence yayikulu, yowala ya lalanje (mpaka 8 masentimita m'mimba mwake), yosonkhanitsidwa mu burashi. Masamba ndi mizu imakhala yobiriwira, ngati yokutidwa ndi sera.
Ngakhale kukongola kwakunja, ichi si chomera chabwino pakhomo - ascocenda ndiopanda tanthauzo. Kuti iphulike, muyenera kuyatsa bwino tsiku lililonse kwa maola osachepera 12 patsiku, kutentha kwakukulu pakati pa usana ndi usiku: + 23-27 ºС ndi + 16-22 ºС, motsatana, kuthirira madzi ofunda ndi chinyezi (80% masana ndi 60 %) usiku. Wodziwa maluwa yekha ndiamene angakulitse.
Wanda
Chikhumbo china chomwe chingadzetse mavuto ambiri. Komabe, ndiyotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha utoto wake woyera bwino. Wanda amatha kukhala amitundu yambiri, palinso utoto wa lalanje - wowala lalanje, kapena wokhala ndi tsankho pamakorali.
Chidwi: whimsical m'njira zina zonse, Wanda amatha kupirira kutentha kwa +10 ºС.
Amafunikira dzuwa komanso chinyezi chambiri, mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse komanso umuna. Nthawi zambiri amakula ndi mizu yowonekera kuti asavunde.
Brassada
Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa orchid wa brassia ndi gehena wa aurantika. Ada aurantika amakula ku South Africa ndipo ali ndi masamba owala a lalanje, amenenso amatengera kwa brassada. Amafuna kuzizilitsa, mthunzi pang'ono komanso chinyezi chokhazikika; pansi pa izi, brassada iphulika kwambiri mchilimwe. Maluwa amatha milungu isanu.
Phalaenopsis
Phalaenopsis yamoto ndi yabwino ngati ndinu katswiri wamaluwa koma mukufuna kukhala ndi maluwa a lalanje pazenera lanu. Pankhani ya phalaenopsis, sipadzakhala mavuto osamalira osakanizidwa. Tikukulangizani kuti musankhe Phalaenopsis I-Hsin Salmon 'Copper Star' kapena Brsa, Orange Delight Starbeck. Amakhala ndi mtundu wachilengedwe komanso wolimba kwambiri wa lalanje. Mlomo nthawi zambiri umakhala wa pinki, peduncle imakhala yayikulu (mpaka theka la mita), ma inflorescence 14 amapangidwa pamenepo. Komabe, mitundu yatsopano ya mbewu izi imabadwa chaka chilichonse, chifukwa chake nthawi zonse mumatha kupeza zachilendo.
Chosangalatsa: ku Singapore, yomwe ndi amodzi mwa malo opangira maluwa a orchid, mutha kulipira ndalama zingapo - ndipo mitundu yatsopano ya phalaenopsis idzatchedwa ulemu wanu!
Mbiri yakubereka
Phalaenopsis idadziwika ndipo idadziwika mu 1825, chifukwa cholakwika ndi wasayansi Karl Blume. Anatenga maluwawo kuti akhale gulu la agulugufe, omwe pazifukwa zina sanayandikire akafika pafupi. Chifukwa chake dzinalo lidawonekera, lomwe potanthauzira limatanthauza "ngati gulugufe." Ndipo ku India chomeracho chimatchedwa "maluwa a mwezi".
Malangizo! Kuyambira 1925, ntchito yogwira idayamba pakulima ndikusankha maluwa awa, chifukwa lero pali mitundu yoposa 70.
Momwe mungasamalire?
Maluwa omwe agulidwa amaikidwa bwino pazenera lakumadzulo kapena kum'mawa. M'chilimwe, kutentha kuchokera + 24 mpaka + 30 ° C kumafunikira, m'nyengo yozizira - osachepera + 14 ° C. Kutsika kwa kutentha usiku kumapangitsa maluwa atsopano kutuluka. Ngati kukuzizira komanso mitambo pazenera m'nyengo yozizira, kuyatsa kwina kumafunika.
Phalaenopsis iyenera kubzalidwa munthaka yokonzedwa bwino: makungwa a paini, makala ndi sphagnum moss. Gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala lalikulu, ndipo mphika uyenera kukhala wowonekera komanso wokhala ndi mabowo olowera ngalande. Izi ndichifukwa choti pansi pazachilengedwe, phalaenopsis imakula pamitengo, mizu yawo imafuna mpweya wambiri.
Kuthirira mokwanira, koma yang'anani kuyanika kwa gawo lapansi. Kutsirira mopitirira muyeso kumapha mbewuyo - kutsika kutentha ndi kuwala kochepa, nthawi zambiri kumafunikira. Gwiritsani madzi ofunda, ofewa. Kupopera mbewu kumafunikanso mchilimwe.
Zovala zapamwamba
Pafupipafupi - nthawi iliyonse kuthirira kwachiwiri. Ndi bwino kutenga feteleza "Azofoska", mlingo wothirira umachokera ku 1 g / l mpaka 1.5 g / l). - chifukwa cha iye, orchid iphulika kwambiri. Magnesium sulphate imatha kuwonjezedwa kamodzi pamwezi (2 g / l mpaka 3 g / l).
Tumizani
Bweretsani pomwe mizu imadzaza chidebe chomwe orchid imakulira, koma osapitilira 1 nthawi mzaka ziwiri. Ngati izi sizingachitike, kukula kumachepa. Mukamayika, muyenera kusamala kuti musavulaze mizu - ndibwino kudula mphika wakale, kenako ndikukonzaninso mtanda wa gawo lapansi mu chidebe chatsopano.
Kubereka
Zimabereka vegetatively. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi, ana a airy amapanga pa peduncles, omwe, atapanga mizu yawo, akhoza kubzalidwa mumphika wosiyana. Kuthekanso kugawa chomeracho pochidula m'magawo angapo ndi mpeni kuti chilichonse chikhale ndi mizu yake.
Malangizo: Mutha kutsitsimutsa chomera chakale podula kumtunda kwa chomeracho ndikuyambiranso. Chitsa chotsalira chimaphukira ndikuyamba kuthengo.
Tizirombo ndi matenda
Nthawi zambiri, phalaenopsis imadwala chifukwa chosasamalira kulemba kapena kuwerenga:
- Kuwala kwa dzuwa (kutentha masamba).
- Hypothermia - imabweretsa masamba achikaso.
- Kuwala kochepa - masamba amasanduka obiriwira, zimayambira.
- Bay - mizu imayamba kuvunda. Chomeracho chimatha kupulumutsidwa pokhapokha ndikukula mwachangu.
Matenda oyambitsa matenda ndi ochepa. Mukawona kutuluka kwa masamba a orchid, izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro kuti chomeracho chili ndi matenda a fungal kapena bakiteriya. Pachifukwa ichi, duwa lomwe lili ndi kachilomboka liyenera kupatutsidwa mwachangu kuchokera kwa ena onse. Itha kuchiritsidwa ndikudula masamba omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndikuwotcha malowa ndi ayodini.
Amakhalanso ndi dzimbiri komanso powdery mildew, koma kawirikawiri.
Ngati mungasamalire maluwa a lalanje, sadzadwala, ndipo zimatsimikizika kuti pachimake. Duwa lokongola la mtundu wachilendo lidzakopa kuyang'anitsitsa, ndikukhala kamvekedwe m'nyumba mwanu, ndipo fungo lake labwino limakupatsani chisangalalo ndi mtendere.