Kwa olima maluwa za chifukwa chomwe masamba a petunia amatembenukira chikasu ndi zoyenera kuchita kuti ayambitsenso chomera
Petunia ndi chomera chokongola komanso chosakhwima chomwe sichimakongoletsa mabedi amaluwa kutsogolo kwa nyumba zoyang'anira, komanso zenera m'nyumba za anthu aku Russia. Florists amamukonda chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake komanso maluwa ambiri, omwe amapitilira mpaka chisanu choyamba.
Nthawi zina amakumana ndi vuto lalikulu: amazindikira kuti masamba apamwamba ndi apansi a kukongola asanduka achikasu, pomwe sakudziwa choti achite. Chifukwa chiyani izi zimachitika, ndizowopsa komanso momwe mungapewere vutoli - tiyeni tizilingalire limodzi.
Kukula
Kusiyanitsa pakati pa petunias wamba ndi ampelous ndi cascading petunias ndikuti amakula pang'onopang'ono... Muzomera zonse, mphukira yapakatikati imayamba, kenako, ndikuwala kokwanira, kotsekemera. M'mera wathanzi, ofananira nawo amakula kuchokera pakatikati pakona yolondola, osatambasukira mmwamba mwanjira iliyonse. Ngati wofesayo awona zovuta ndikupanga mphukira, ayenera kusintha kaye kuti maluwawo asungidwe. Powasintha, tchire lidzasintha.
Kutchulidwa. Alimi ambiri amatsina tchire la petunia panthawi yokula. Mchitidwewu ndi wotsutsana. Kutsina sikumapereka zotsatira zabwino nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri, pambuyo pake, chomeracho chimachedwetsa kukula ndi chitukuko.
Amakana kutsina pazifukwa zina: ma petunias onse omwe amakulira m'nyumba za anthu aku Russia ndi hybrids, omwe nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola a tchire popanda kugwiritsa ntchito njira zaulimi. Pokhapokha pakukula mitundu yayikulu ya petunias ndi pomwe amatsina tchire, ndikuwapatsa mawonekedwe achilendo ngati "mpira" waukulu.
Ampel petunias amatha kukhala ndi zikwapu zazitali ngati saloledwa kuphuka kwa miyezi itatu. Kuti achite izi, amakana kudyetsa ndi feteleza wapadera.
Nchifukwa chiyani masambawo amasanduka achikasu ndi owuma?
Chomera mumphika
Pofika nyengo yozizira, mbewu zamnyumba sizimva bwino. Zifukwa zakusakhala bwino ndizachidziwikire: mpweya wouma mchipindacho, kuphwanya chinyezi. M'chilimwe, dzuwa limawala kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yophukira imagwa mvula yambiri nthawi zambiri kuposa nyengo yadzuwa. Chifukwa cha izi, maluwawo amadwala, ndipo amalima amazindikira izi ndi mawanga achikasu pamasamba. Mphepete mwawo ndi nsonga zawo zimakhala zachikasu.
Masamba achikaso ndi chisonyezo chakumva kuwawa kwamaluwa ku drafts ndi mpweya wozizira. M'chilimwe, zowongolera mpweya kapena zotseguka zotseguka zimapanga ma microclimate omasuka m'nyumba. Akamayendetsa malowo, amachotsa petunias pambali kapena amawabisa kumbuyo kwa katoni kuchokera kumazizira ampweya.
Mosiyana ndi zomera zina zamkati, petunia amasangalala ndi dzuwa. Mawanga achikasu pamasamba ake si chizindikiro chakupsa.
Zifukwa zazikulu zachikasu za petunia:
- Chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera komanso kusatsatira boma lothirira.
- Komanso, petunia nthawi zambiri amakhala wovulazidwa ndi tizirombo. Powdery mildew ndi matenda a fungal omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu kwa chinyezi ndi kutentha. Poyamba, pachimake pamayambira masamba, koma osachitapo kanthu, amasandulika mawanga achikasu. Mutha kuphunzira zambiri za powdery mildew pa petunias Pano.
- Matenda ena ndi kangaude. Ngakhale kangaude wofiira ndi wocheperako, amawononga chomeracho. Idzaphimba masamba ake ndi tsinde ndi nthiti. Adzalandira zakudya zochepa zofunikira pakukula. Kuti musayambe kupopera petunia ndi tincture wa fodya ndikutsuka masamba ndi madzi a sopo, sungani chinyezi mchipinda ndikuwongolera madzi kuti asadzaze dothi.
- Chlorosis ndi chifukwa china cha masamba achikaso. Matendawa amakwiyitsidwa ndi kuthirira kosayenera komanso kudyetsa pafupipafupi ndi feteleza omwe ali ndi calcium yambiri. Nthawi zina chlorosis imayamba chifukwa chakuti mlimi amathirira petunia ndi madzi olimba, osakhazikika.
Zofunika! Ngati chifukwa cha chlorosis ndi feteleza wokhala ndi calcium yambiri, ndende zawo zimachepetsedwa ndikudyetsa mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi chitsulo.
- Masamba achikasu pa petunia atha kukhala chizindikiro cha ntchito ya kachilombo kakang'ono kotchedwa aphid. Nsabwe za m'masamba zimadziunjikira mkati mwa masamba. Kuchita mwachangu, posachedwa sipadzakhala madera athanzi otsalira pa petunia. Popanda chithandizo ndi kukonzekera kwapadera, masambawo amatembenukira chikasu, ndikupiringa mpaka kukhala chubu ndikugwa.
M'miphika
Petunias omwe amakula mumiphika amakhala ovuta kwambiri. Kusintha kosunga zinthu kumabweretsa mavuto ndikupanga kwa chlorophyll m'masamba. Chifukwa cha ichi, matenda owopsa amayamba - chlorosis. Pofuna kupewa chikasu cha masamba chifukwa cha izo, mukamaika, manyowa, manyowa kuchokera masamba a thundu kapena sphagnum amawonjezeredwa mumiphika. Ngati chomeracho chidayalidwa posachedwa, ndipo acidification panthaka sanasamalidwe, ndiye kuti isanachitike, iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi acidic. Komanso, mbewu zikamamera m'miphika zimafuna mavalidwe okhala ndi chitsulo.
Kodi mungathane bwanji ndi vutoli?
Pofuna kupewa chikasu cha masamba a petunia, sitepe yoyamba ndikuonetsetsa kuti ili ndi kuwala kokwanira kwachilengedwe. Ngati kulibe kuwala kokwanira, amagula nyali za fulorosenti ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito ngati magwero a nyali zopangira.
Ngati masamba apamwamba kumtunda amasanduka achikasu, ndiye kuti amafunika michere. Poterepa, kuchuluka kwa mavalidwe kumawonjezeka kapena kukumana ndi umuna pafupipafupi kuposa kale. Chinthu chachikulu sikuti muchite mopambanitsa: petunias samaphuka chifukwa cha feteleza wochuluka.
Zizindikiro za chlorosis zikapezeka (kufa pamwamba, mizu yofooka), petunia imadyetsedwa ndi fetereza wa Uniflor-Micro.
Kodi ndibwino kudyetsa?
M'sitolo, amagula feteleza wokhala ndi ayironi Iron Chelate kapena Ferovit. Pofuna kuthana ndi chikasu cha masamba, chomeracho chimachiritsidwa katatu ndi masiku angapo ndipo vuto limatha.
Kutchulidwa. Manyowa amchere okhala ndi nayitrogeni sagwiritsidwa ntchito mopanda muyeso, ndipo vuto la nthaka acidity limathetsedwa mwa acidifying madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira.
Chisamaliro chofunikira
Petunia samadwala matenda azanyengo ngati mlimi amathirira kamodzi patsiku., madzulo. Izi zimathandiza kuti tizilombo tangaude tisakule. Kuthirira madzi ambiri sikuthandiza ngati madontho ang'onoang'ono amapezeka masamba. Kuti petunia isathe, amasiya mwachangu kwa masiku angapo ndikumasula nthaka tsiku lililonse. Mukamasula nthaka, mizu idzalandira mpweya wowonjezera. Petunia amayambiranso kuthirira pamene kutumphuka kwapanga padziko lapansi.
Chomera chomwe chimachita maluwa chimafunika kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi milungu iwiri iliyonse. Maluwa ouma nthawi zonse amachotsedwa ndi lumo polimbikitsa masamba atsopano. Ngati zowola zimapezeka pamizu, amagula fungicide, koma asanakonze, gawo lakuda la tsinde limawonongeka.
Njira zopewera
Masamba a Petunia samasanduka achikasu ngati:
- Olima maluwa sagwiritsa ntchito madzi ovuta kuthirira. Amangothirira petunia pokhapokha nthaka yauma. Kukhazikika kwa chinyezi kumatetezedwa ndikumasula nthaka nthawi ndi nthawi.
- Amayang'anira mosamala kayendedwe ka kutentha. Mutha kupewa mawonekedwe ofiira, kenako masamba achikaso pamaluwa, ngati simulola kuwuma kwambiri kwa mpweya. Ngati ziwoneka, kupopera mankhwala ndi ammonia kungathandize. Mu malita asanu a madzi, 1 ml ya ammonia imadzipukutira izi.
- Pofuna kupewa, petunia amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wokhala ndi chitsulo.
Mapeto
Chifukwa chake, tidazindikira chifukwa chomwe masamba a petunia amatembenukira chikasu komanso momwe tingachitire ndi izi. Petunia amakula bwino osati m'mabedi amaluwa okha. Mutha kumamera m'miphika ndi miphika yamaluwa kunyumba pawindo kapena pakhonde. Ngati mumathirira madzi pafupipafupi, koma pang'ono pang'ono, ndikudyetsa ndi feteleza woyenera, masambawo satembenukira kukhala achikaso.