Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe masamba a pelargonium amafiira komanso momwe angachitire nawo?

Pelargonium ndi imodzi mwazomera zanyumba zodziwika bwino. Masamba ofewa osalala komanso ma inflorescence achilendo amatha kupezeka pamakonde, mawindo azenera komanso mabedi achilimwe a omwe amalima maluwa ambiri.

Pelargonium imawonjezera kutonthoza kwapakhomo komanso kutsitsimula mchipinda. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakupatsani mwayi wosankha mtundu woyenera komanso kukula kwa tchire. Koma bwanji masamba atayamba kupunduka? Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane za zomwe zingayambitse komanso njira zamankhwala m'nkhani yathu.

Ndi chiyani icho?

Ichi ndi chitsamba chamkati (khonde) chomwe chili ndi inflorescence yofanana ndi maambulera ndi masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana: lonse, lobed, dissected. Dziko lakwao la pelargonium ndi South Africa. Kusiyana kwa botanical ndi geranium ndi maluwa ofanana pakati (geranium ili ndi maluwa ofanana). Ma subspecies ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafuta ofunikira komanso zodzikongoletsera. Cholinga chachikulu cha chomeracho ndi kukongoletsa zipinda komanso chiwonetsero m'minda yazomera.

Tchulani! Chipatso cha Pelargonium ndi kapuleti yayitali, yopapatiza yomwe imalowera pamwamba. Mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi mlomo wa dokowe - chifukwa chake dzina la chomeracho (kuchokera ku Greek pelargos - dokowe).

Zomera

Mawonekedwe a tsamba amatengera mtundu wake. Subpecies zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi masamba osiyanasiyana:

• mawonekedwe osavuta;
• chofanana ndi chala;
• anachotsedwa ntchito.

Komanso, kununkhira kochokera masamba kumadalira mtundu wa pelargonium. Amakhala ndi mafuta ambiri ofunikira, mavitamini, zidulo ndi flavonoids - chitsamba chimatulutsa fungo labwino. Masamba a Pelargonium ndi ofewa komanso okutidwa ndi villi woonda (pansi). Zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda kapena chisamaliro chosayenera zimawonekera pamasamba (mutha kuphunzira zambiri za matenda ofala ndi tizirombo ta pelargonium apa).

Chochita ngati masamba akugwa?

Pelargonium imasiya kupiringa chifukwa chosamalidwa bwino pamazizira otsika - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu za vutoli m'nyengo yozizira. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, m'pofunika kupereka chitsamba ndi kutentha koyenera (osaposa madigiri +12). Sungani mphika wa pelargonium kutali ndi zida ndi zida zotenthetsera.

Chifukwa chotsatira ndichambiri chinyezi cha dothi. Chinyezi chowonjezera chimabweretsa njira zowola, zomwe zimawonetsedwa m'masamba. Ngalande ndi kuthira nthaka zithandizira kuthetsa vutoli. Kupanda chinyezi kumayambitsanso kupindika. Ndikofunikira kuti wamaluwa apange dongosolo lothirira.

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa zimaphatikizapo kusowa kapena kuchuluka kwa michere. Kuperewera kwa nayitrogeni kumabweretsa chifukwa chinsalu chopindika, chimauma ndikucheperachepera. Kuchulukanso kwa potaziyamu kumapangitsa kusokonekera kwa chitsamba chonse. Ndikofunikira kuti muyang'ane muyeso ndikupanga chakudya molingana ndi ndandanda (mutha kudziwa zambiri za momwe mungadyetse pelargonium apa).

Kupiringa kwa masamba apansi kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kangaude. Zizindikiro zina zamatendawa zimaphatikizapo mawanga amdima ndi mabowo patsamba, nsikidzi zazing'ono pa tsinde. Mutha kuthetsa vutoli mothandizidwa ndi zida zapadera (gulani ku malo ogulitsa zinyama).

Upangiri! Ngati munatenga dothi kuti mubzale pabwalo la maluwa, mphutsi za tizilombo zimatha kukhalamo - gulani zosakaniza m'sitolo ndikubzala chitsamba.

Chifukwa chiyani akuchita manyazi?

Zina mwazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kufiira (kapena utoto wofiirira) ndi dzimbiri la masamba, chinyezi chochuluka, kusowa kwa phosphorous kapena kusowa kwa zinc. Dzimbiri limayambitsidwa ndi bowa, zomwe zimatha kuthetsedwa ndikupatula chomeracho ndikuchipopera ndi fungicides (colloidal powder sulfure). Pofuna kuteteza thupi, tchire loyandikana nalo liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi Kratan kapena Akrex.

Masamba atakhala ofiira: zochita mwatsatanetsatane:

1. Timazindikira momwe nthaka ilili. Ngati kuthira madzi kutsimikizika, ngalande ndi kumasula zithandizira.
2. Kuyang'ana tsinde la matenda. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudula pamwamba ndikuyang'ana malo odulidwa. Green ndi chizindikiro chakusapezeka kwa matenda, bulauni ndiye kuti matendawa akhudza chitsamba chonse (sizikupanga nzeru kupulumutsa chomerachi panthawiyi). Momwe zimakhalira tsinde, pelargonium imayenera kuikidwa mu dothi latsopano (zambiri zokhudzana ndi dothi la pelargonium ndi malingaliro obzala zitha kupezeka pano, ndipo mutha kuwerenga za momwe mungasinthire ndi kuzula chomera chake).
3. Chizindikiro cha kuchepa kwa phosphorous ndi mawonekedwe a mawanga ofiira m'munsi masamba. Ndi kusowa kwa zinc, mtundu wa pinki umawoneka pamwamba. Feteleza ovuta amathandizira kusintha vutoli.

Zifukwa za kulocha wachikaso

Maliseche achikasu ndi ulesi ndi zizindikilo zofala kwambiri za matenda a pelargonium. Zifukwa zofala kwambiri izi zikuchitika ndizolakwika:

• mphika wopanikizika (mizu yatenga voliyumu yonse, chomeracho chimasowa chakudya ndi chinyezi);
• kusowa madzi okwanira (m'mbali mwa masamba amayamba kuuma);
• kusowa kwa michere (kudya kwambiri ndi nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi ma microelements amafunikira);
• Kuwonongeka kwa tchire ndi tizirombo tambiri (pali chiopsezo chachikulu pakukula chitsamba kunja kwa chilimwe).

Mutha kulimbana ndi tizilombo pogwiritsira ntchito tizirombo pamanja kenako ndikuchiza tchire ndi tizirombo. Kuyanika kwamasamba nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa chakutsika kwakuthwa kwa kutentha - pelargonium imagwiranso ntchito mopweteketsa mtima ndi mafunde otentha.

Zofunika! Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, mphika wamphesa uyenera kuikidwa kutali ndi zitseko, zowongolera mpweya, ndi zida zotenthetsera.

Mutha kudziwa zambiri za chifukwa chomwe masamba a pelargonium amatembenukira chikasu pankhaniyi.

Njira zodzitetezera

Kuteteza pelargonium ku matenda osiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo a chisamaliro choyenera ndi kupewa:

1. Musanabzala m'nthaka, iyenera kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (ngakhale mphutsi zamatenda zimatha kukhalabe osakanikirana).
2. Chinyontho chokwanira m'nthaka. Pelargonium sakonda kuthirira pamwamba: ndi bwino kuthirira chitsamba pazu.
3. Kudyetsa moyenera komanso pafupipafupi. Kuchuluka kwa michere kumabweretsa kukula kwachangu, kapangidwe ka masamba obiriwira, koma kusowa kwa maluwa (kuti mumve zambiri za chifukwa chomwe pelargonium sichimasamba kunyumba, mutha kudziwa apa).
4. Ngalande yabwino iteteza kuti mizu yowola isayambike.
5. Ndikofunika kuyeretsa nthaka yomwe ili pansi pa tchire kuchokera ku masamba ndi namsongole.
6. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zikawoneka, onetsetsani kuti mukuchiza chomeracho ndi fungicides ndi mankhwala ena.

Kusamalira bwino pelargonium ndichinsinsi cha thanzi la tchire, lowala komanso lalitali maluwa. Kuthirira pang'ono ndikutsatira dongosolo la feteleza, kuthira ndi kumasula nthaka ndizosavuta, koma zoyenera kuchita kwa wolima masewerawa.

Onerani kanemayo: Whats going to be ready for the Virtual Show! A look around the greenhouse in early June. (Mulole 2024).