Makhalidwe okula cyclamen kuchokera ku mbewu. Zithunzi, komanso njira wamba zoberekera ndi kuchiritsa maluwa

Cyclamen ndi duwa lakunyumba lomwe limafunikira kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa chifukwa cha maluwa ake okongola. Mphukira imatha kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo masamba ake amafanana ndi agulugufe.

Koma pobzala mbewu, zofunikira zapadera zimafunikira. Munkhani yathuyi muphunzira pang'onopang'ono momwe mungafalitsire mbewu zokongola za maluwa kunyumba. Zithandizanso kuwonera kanema wosangalatsa pamutuwu.

Kodi chomeracho chikuwoneka bwanji?

Chodziwika bwino cha cyclamen chili pachimake pachimake, chomwe chimatha miyezi itatu... Kuphatikiza apo, chomeracho chili ndi izi:

• kutalika - 30 cm;
• masamba amakula kuchokera muzu, mphamvu ya cordate, achikopa mpaka kukhudza;
• mtundu wa masambawo ndi wobiriwira wakuda, wonyezimira;
• muzu umaperekedwa ngati mawonekedwe a babu wozungulira wokhala ndi masentimita 15, womwe umakhala ndi gawo limodzi lokula;
• maluwa amakhala ndi masamba oyenda owulungika, otchulidwa kumapeto amodzi;
• Mtundu wa maluwawo umatha kusiyanasiyana kuyambira woyera mpaka utoto wobiriwira.

Okonda cyclamen adzachita chidwi kuti adziwe zambiri zamitundu yake: European and Persian, komanso momwe angakulire kusakaniza.

Chithunzi

Onani chithunzi cha chomeracho pansipa:

Zosankha zoswana

Kufalitsa kwa cyclamen kumachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Posankha njira yoyenera, muyenera kuyang'ana mtundu wa chomera:

1. Gawo la Tuber... Njirayi imakonda mitundu yayikulu ya cyclamen monga European and Persian.
2. Kufalitsa mbewu - imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu uliwonse wa cyclamen, ngakhale ivy.
3. Malo ogulitsira - mphukira za mitundu yaku Europe zimayamba mizu mosavuta kuposa Persian.
4. Mwana wamkazi tubers... Njirayi ndiyabwino pobzala European cyclamen. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yazomera, ana ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa pafupi ndi tuber. Zitha kupatulidwa mosavuta mukamaika ndikuziponyera m'makontena osiyana.

Kuti mumve zambiri momwe mungafalitsire cyclamen ndi masamba, komanso njira zina, werengani apa.

Kodi Njira Yoyambitsira Tinthu Ndi Chiyani?

Kuti timvetsetse momwe tingabzalidwe mbewu kunyumba komanso momwe tingakulire kunyumba, tiyeni tiwone momwe mbewu izi zimawonekera. Kunja, mbewu za chomerazo zimafanana ndi mikanda yaying'ono yakuda.... Muyenera kuwasonkhanitsa mutatha maluwa. Koma kuti mupeze cyclamens kuchokera ku mbewu ndikukula kunyumba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yonyamula mungu. Njirayi ndi iyi:

1. Pogwiritsa ntchito burashi lofewa, sungani mungu kuchokera kunyazi zamaluwa amtundu wina. Bwerezani njirayi kangapo.
2. Zomera zikaphuka, kapisozi wa mbewu amapangidwa m'malo mwa duwa. Asonkhanitseni mosamala ndi kukulunga mu chopukutira.
3. Pakapita kanthawi, bokosilo lidzatseguka lokha, ndipo mutha kusonkhanitsa mbewu.

Onerani kanema wokhudzana ndi kuyipitsa mungu wa cyclamen:

Makhalidwe apadera

Njira yobzala ndikubzala cyclamen kuchokera ku nthanga, chifukwa chotsitsa mungu, imakhalabe yofunikira pakati pa olima maluwa. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi zomwe mungayembekezere kuchokera ku mbewu zapanyumba, titha kunena kuti njirayi imakupatsani mwayi wopeza chomera chopatsa thanzi komanso chosinthika mnyumba.

CHENJEZO: Mbewu zingagulidwe m'sitolo kapena mutenge nokha. Njira yachiwiri imakhalabe yabwino, momwe mungasonkhanitsire ndi kubzala cyclamen kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba, popeza zinthu zomwe zagulidwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavomerezeka.

Kufesa masiku

Mudzale nthawi yanji? Kubzala kumachitika bwino mu February - Marichi, koma mutha kubzala nthawi iliyonse pachaka.

Magawo a nthaka ndi kukonzekera

Ntchito yokonzekera ikuphatikizapo izi:

1. Sulani zinthu zobzala m'mabampu owuma ndikulowetsa m'madzi... Onjezani Epin-extra kapena Zircon kwa iyo. Awa ndi mankhwala othandizira kukula. Pokonzekera yankho, tengani madontho 4 a mankhwala ndi 100 ml ya madzi. Pambuyo maola 12, chotsani nyembazo pamtengowo, kufalitsa pa pedi ya thonje, ndikuphimba ndi bandeji yonyowa. Pambuyo pa maola 24, nthanga zidzatupa ndikukhala okonzeka kubzala.
2. Nthaka iyenera kutentha... Thirani ndi madzi otentha kapena sungani mu uvuni kwa mphindi 5. Izi zichotsa microflora ya pathogenic. Chititsani kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kutatsala masiku 14 kuti mubzale mbeu.
3. Mutha kuyesa kumera mbewu musanadzalemo kunyumba, ndiyeno pokhapokha mudzabzala miphika. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyala zofesedwazo pa gauze wothira, ndikuphimba ndi nsalu pamwamba pake. Pakatha tsiku, mubzale nyemba zanu mumtsuko.

Kusankha mphika

Kufesa mbewu kumachitika m'miphika kapena m'mabokosi. Ngati njira yoyamba yasankhidwa, ndiye kuti mbande zazing'ono sizifunikira kuziika mpaka zitakula, ndipo mphika wawo umakhala wochepa. Mukamabzala m'mabokosi, muyenera kutola mbandezo m'makontena osiyana akakhala ndi masamba 3-4.

Sankhani mphika wa cyclamen poganizira kukula kwa tuber... Pasakhale mtunda wopitilira 3-4 cm pakati pake ndi m'mphepete mwa beseni.Kuchomera chaching'ono, mphikawo ndi 8 cm osatinso. Zitsanzo za achikulire, omwe kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 13-15, adzafunika zotengera zokhala ndi masentimita 16-17.

CHOFUNIKA: Kodi cyclamen imafalikira liti? Ngati mphikawo ndi wawung'ono, cyclamen iphuka msanga popanda kupeza zinthu zofunikira. Ngati ndi yayikulu kwambiri, muyenera kudikira nthawi yayitali kuti iphukire.

Nthaka

Nthaka ya chomeracho iyenera kukhala yotayirira komanso yopatsa thanzi, komanso mpweya ndi chinyezi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lokongoletsa la floriculture... Kuti mukonze nthaka, phatikizani dothi lam'munda ndi peat muyezo wofanana ndikuwonjezera mchenga wamtsinje.

Kufika

Momwe mungamere mbewu? Kufika kumachitika motere:

1. Konzani chidebecho poika dothi lokulirapo pansi.
2. Dzazani chidebecho ndi nthaka yopatsa thanzi komanso moisten bwino.
3. Bzalani mbewu zokonzedwa mu ngalande yosaya kapena pamwamba pa gawo lapansi, ndikuwaza nthaka yopyapyala.
4. Phimbani chidebecho ndi kanema, popeza mumdima ndi kutentha nyembazo zimamera bwino.
5. Sungani chinyezi chanthaka nthawi zonse, koma musadzaze chidebecho.
6. Tsegulani zojambulazo ndikupumira tsiku lililonse
7. Pambuyo pa miyezi 1-1.5, mphukira zoyamba zidzawonekera.

Gawo ndi gawo kusamalira

Kutola

Pambuyo pa masabata 4-8, malupu ofiira-pinki adzawonekera pansi. Iyi ndiye cyclamen yomwe yakhala ikuyembekezeredwa kwanthawi yayitali. Kuchokera kuzungulira, kamphindi kakang'ono kamene kamakhala ndi muzu kamapangidwa, kamene kamayambira m'nthaka... Pomwepo ndiye kuti mkombero ndi chinsalu chikufutukuka. Patatha miyezi 3-4 mutabzala, masamba 2-3 amapangidwa pachomera. Ichi ndi chisonyezo cha kusankha.

Bzalani mbewu mu makapu osiyana kwa mbande 2-3. Kusankhaku kumachitika ndi mtanda wa nthaka ndipo mutatha kuziika mitsemphayo, perekani dothi, zomwe sizingatheke ndi chomera chachikulu. Fukani tuber yake theka.

Zovala zapamwamba

Kudyetsa ma cyclamens achichepere mpaka miyezi 6 sikulimbikitsidwa... Pokhapokha mutagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wogula maluwa. Mlingo wawo wokha uyenera kukhala wocheperako kawiri kuposa momwe akuwonetsedweramo. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa cyclamen ndi izi:

• Kemira Lux.
• Ferovit.
• Maluwa.

Kuthirira

Mpaka chaka, mbande zazing'ono zimakonda nthaka yonyowa. Koma zitsanzo za achikulire amakonda kuthirira pang'ono, makamaka nthawi yotentha. Mphukira zazing'ono zimayenera kuthiriridwa ndi bomba. Izi zipereka madzi molunjika kumizu. Sungunulani nthaka ya mbande zazing'ono kawiri pa sabata. Kwa mbewu zazikulu, kamodzi pa masabata 1.5 ndikwanira.

Onerani kanema wonena za kuthirira mbande zazing'ono za cyclamen:

Matenda ndi kuwononga tizilombo

Cyclamen nthawi zambiri imakhudzidwa ndi matenda a fungal, kuphatikiza:

1. Wowola wofiirira... Amapangidwa chifukwa chothirira madzi ambiri. Ngati matenda atapezeka, chotsani chomeracho mosamala mumphika, chotsani mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi mizuyo, nadzatsuka mu yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Mitengoyi ikauma, bzalani mbewuyo mumphika watsopano wokhala ndi nthaka yolumikizidwa kale.
2. Mizu yowola... Zimakhudza duwa lomwe lalimbikitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timakhala pansi. Kuti muchotse matendawa, chitani ndi Glyocladin. Muzimutsuka tubers bwinobwino mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate ndi youma.
3. Bowa la sooty... Amawononga pamitsinje ndi timadontho ta masamba, zomwe zimatsogolera kuimfa yawo.

   MFUNDO: Chotsani cholembera cha fungal pamapale ndi yankho la sopo wobiriwira (200-400 g wa sopo wobiriwira pa malita 10), kenako ndi madzi ofunda.

Zina mwa tizirombo, zoopsa kwambiri pa cyclamen zimatsalira:

• Aphid... Ndizowopsa kuzomera, chifukwa zimayamwa msuzi wa masamba ndikuwononga maluwa.

  Kuti mumupulumutse, m'pofunika kutsuka magawo omwe akhudzidwa ndi yankho la sopo ochapa (1 lita imodzi yamadzi ndi 30 g sopo).

• Thrips... Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tosaoneka, koma pamapaleti amasiya zotsalira ngati mizere yoyera.

  Tizilombo timakhala kumene chinyezi ndi kutentha kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri. Masamba a chomera chomwe chakhudzidwa amakhala oyera, amada komanso amagwa. Pofuna kuthana ndi ma thrips, Karbofos ndiyothandiza. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowerengera - kulowetsedwa kwa adyo (ma clove awiri pa 200 ml yamadzi otentha).

• Mite... Imagonjetsa masamba ndi maluwa.

  Fitoferm, Neoron amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi tiziromboti. Utsi osati maluwa okha, komanso nthaka ndi mphika.

Mapeto

Kufalitsa mbewu kwa cyclamen ndiyo njira yothandiza kwambiri komanso yosavuta yopezera chomera chopatsa thanzi komanso cholimba. Ngati mukukonzekera bwino chodzalacho, dothi ndikupanga zofunikira kuti zikule, ndiye kuti posachedwa mudzasilira maluwa okongola komanso owala a cyclamen.

Onerani kanemayo: Cyclamen HALIOS large flower Morel trial NL (July 2024).