Kolkata ndi mzinda wovuta kwambiri ku India

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Mzinda wa Kolkata ndiye mzinda waukulu komanso wosauka kwambiri ku India. Ngakhale idakhala zaka mazana ambiri, yakwanitsa kudzisungira yokha komanso zowonera zosangalatsa zambiri zomwe zimakopa apaulendo padziko lonse lapansi.

Zina zambiri

Kolkata (kuyambira 2001 - Kolkata) ndiye likulu la West Bengal, dziko lalikulu lachi India lomwe lili kum'mawa kwa dzikolo. Kuphatikizidwa m'mizinda ikuluikulu 10 padziko lapansi, ndi mzinda wachiwiri waukulu ku India. Anthu ambiri, okhala ndi anthu opitilira 5 miliyoni, ndi Bengalis. Ndi chilankhulo chawo chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndichofala kwambiri pano.

Kwa alendo omwe amakhala mumzinda uno kwa nthawi yoyamba, Kolkata imayambitsa zisakanizo zosiyanasiyana. Umphawi ndi chuma zimayendera limodzi, zomangamanga zokongola za m'nthawi ya atsamunda zimasiyana kwambiri ndi nyumba zogona zosawoneka bwino, komanso olemekezeka achi Bengali omwe amalonda ndi ometa omwe amakhala mumsewu.

Komabe, Kolkata ndiye mtima wachikhalidwe cha India chamakono. Nayi galasi yabwino kwambiri mdziko muno, mayunivesite opitilira 10, makoleji osawerengeka, masukulu ndi masukulu, makalabu ambiri achimuna akale, hippodrome yayikulu, nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zakale zingapo, komanso maofesi amakampani akuluakulu apadziko lonse lapansi ndi zina zambiri. Madera akulu amzindawu amadziwika ndi zomangamanga zokonzedwa bwino komanso maulalo abwino azoyendera, omwe akugwira ntchito mkati mwa mzindawo komanso kupitirira.

Ndipo Kolkata ndi malo okha ku India komwe ma rickshaw amaloledwa. Osati njinga yamoto kapena njinga, koma zomwe zimafala kwambiri - zomwe zimathamanga pansi ndikukoka ngolo ndi anthu kumbuyo kwawo. Ngakhale akugwira ntchito yolemetsa komanso malipiro ochepa, akupitilizabe kunyamula alendo ambiri omwe amabwera mumzinda wosazolowerekawu.

Zolemba zakale

Mbiri ya Kolkata idayamba mu 1686, pomwe wamalonda waku England a Job Charnock adafika kumudzi wabata wa Kalikatu, womwe udalipo m'mphepete mwa Ganges kuyambira kale. Poganiza kuti malowa akhale abwino kwa dziko latsopano la Britain, adayika London kanyumba kakang'ono kokhala ndi ma boulevards ambiri, matchalitchi achikatolika ndi minda yokongola, yolumikizidwa mumapangidwe okhwima. Komabe, nthano yokongolayi idatha mwachangu kunja kwa mzinda wopangidwa kumene, komwe Amwenye omwe amatumizira aku Britain amakhala m'misasa yodzaza.

Kuphulika koyamba ku Calcutta kudachitika mu 1756, pomwe idagonjetsedwa ndi Nawab woyandikira Murshidabad. Komabe, pambuyo pa kulimbana kwakanthawi koopsa, mzindawu sunangobwereranso ku Britain, komanso unasandulika likulu la Britain India. M'zaka zotsatira, tsogolo la Calcutta lidasinthika mosiyanasiyana - lidadutsa gawo latsopano lakukula kwake, kenako lidasokonekera komanso kuwonongedwa. Mzindawu sunapulumutsidwe ndi nkhondo yapachiweniweni yodziyimira pawokha komanso kuphatikiza kwa West ndi East Bengal. Zowona, zitachitika izi, aku Britain mwachangu adasamutsira likulu la atsamunda ku Delhi, ndikulanda Calcutta mphamvu zandale ndikukhudzanso chuma chake. Komabe, ngakhale pamenepo mzindawu udakwanitsa kutuluka pamavuto azachuma ndikupezanso mawonekedwe ake akale.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za 2000, Calcutta adalandira osati dzina lina - Kolkata, komanso oyang'anira atsopano omwe ali ndi malingaliro ochezeka pabizinesi. Pachifukwa ichi, malo ambiri ogulitsira, malo ogulitsira, mabizinesi ndi zosangalatsa, malo operekera zakudya, malo okwera okhalamo ndi zina zomangamanga zidayamba kuwonekera m'misewu yake.

M'nthawi yathu ino, a Kolkata, omwe amakhala ndi nthumwi za mayiko osiyanasiyana, akupitilizabe kukula, kuyesa kuthana ndi malingaliro amphaŵi ndi chiwonongeko pakati pa azungu.

Zowoneka

Kolkata ndiyotchuka osati chifukwa cha mbiri yakale, komanso chifukwa cha zokopa zake zosiyanasiyana, zomwe aliyense wa inu angapeze kena kake kosangalatsa.

Chikumbutso cha Victoria

Chimodzi mwa zokopa zazikulu ku Kolkata ku India ndi nyumba yachifumu yayikulu yamaboti yomangidwa mchaka choyamba cha zaka za zana la 20. pokumbukira Mfumukazi Victoria yaku Britain. Olemba mbiri amati mwala woyamba wanyumbayo, wopangidwa kalembedwe ka Renaissance yaku Italiya, udayikidwa ndi Kalonga wa Wales iyemwini. Denga la nyumbayi limakongoletsedwa ndi zokongoletsera zokongoletsera, ndipo mzikiti udavekedwa ndi Mngelo Wopambana, wopangidwa ndi mkuwa wangwiro. Chikumbutso chomwecho chazunguliridwa ndi dimba lokongola, pomwe pamayikidwa njira zambiri zoyenda.

Masiku ano, Victoria Memorial Hall ili ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale zakale zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa m'mbuyomu pomwe Britain idagonjetsa, malo owonetsera zaluso komanso ziwonetsero zingapo zakanthawi. Mwazina, apa mutha kupeza holo yomwe mumakhala mabuku osowa olemba olemba otchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Zipilala zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa m'dera lachifumu ndizosangalatsa. Mmodzi wa iwo adadzipereka kwa Victoria mwini, wachiwiri kwa Lord Curzon, wakale wakale wa India.

Maola otseguka: Lachiwiri-Sun kuyambira 10:00 mpaka 17:00.
Matikiti amatenga: $ 2.
Kumalo: 1 Queen's Way, Kolkata.

Nyumba ya Amayi Teresa

Mother House, yomwe ili gawo la Missionary Sisters of Love Foundation yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi Teresa waku Calcutta ku 1948, ndi nyumba yazipilala yazing'ono ziwiri yomwe imatha kuzindikirika ndi chikwangwani cha buluu cholemba chimodzimodzi. Pansi pansi pa nyumbayo pali tchalitchi chaching'ono, pakati pake pali mwala wamanda wopangidwa ndi miyala yoyera. Ndi pansi pake zomwe zimasungidwa za oyera mtima, omwe adathandizira kwambiri pamoyo wa anthu osauka aku India. Ngati mungayang'ane mosamala, ndiye kuti maluwa atsopano omwe nzika zoyamika zimabweretsa pano, mutha kuwona dzina lolembedwa pamwalawo, zaka za moyo ndi mawu owala kwambiri aunisitere wodziwika padziko lonse lapansi.

Chipinda chachiwiri cha nyumbayi chimakhala ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, pakati pa ziwonetsero zomwe zilinso ndi zinthu za amayi a Teresa - mbale ya enamel, nsapato zotayika ndi zinthu zina zingapo zosangalatsa.

Maola otseguka: Mon-Sat. kuyambira 10:00 mpaka 21:00.
Malo: Amayi Nyumba A J C Bose Road, Kolkata, 700016.

Kachisi wa Mkazi wamkazi Kali

Nyumba yayikulu yokongola, yomwe ili m'mbali mwa Mtsinje wa Hooghly m'mphepete mwa mzinda wa Calcutta, idakhazikitsidwa ku 1855 ndi ndalama zochokera ku Rani Rashmoni wodziwika bwino waku India. Malo omanga ake sanasankhidwe mwangozi - zinali kuno, malinga ndi nthano zakale, kuti chala cha mulungu wamkazi Kali chinagwa pambuyo pa Shiva, pomwe anali kuvina modabwitsa, anamudula mzidutswa 52.

Kachisi wowala wachikaso ndi wofiira komanso chipata chopita patsogolo pake zimapangidwa mwanjira zabwino kwambiri zapangidwe zachihindu. Chidwi chachikulu cha alendo chimakopeka ndi nsanja za nakhabat, pomwe nyimbo zosiyanasiyana zimamvekedwa nthawi iliyonse yamisonkhano, holo yayikulu yanyimbo yokhala ndi bwalo lothandizidwa ndi zipilala za marble, malo okutidwa okhala ndi akachisi a 12 Shiva komanso chipinda cha Ramakrishna, mphunzitsi wotchuka waku India, wachinsinsi komanso mlaliki. Kachisi wa Dakshineswar Kali wokha wazunguliridwa ndi minda yokongola ndi nyanja zing'onozing'ono, ndikupanga chithunzi chowoneka bwino kwambiri.

Maola otseguka: tsiku lililonse kuyambira 05:00 mpaka 13:00 komanso kuyambira 16:00 mpaka 20:00
Khomo ndi laulere.
Kumalo: Pafupi ndi Bali Bridge | P.O.: Alambazar, Kolkata, 700035.

Msewu wa Park

Kuyang'ana zithunzi za Calcutta (India), munthu sangalephere kuona umodzi mwamisewu yapakati pa mzindawu, womwe udakhazikitsidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19 pamalo pomwe panali paki ya nswala. Nyumba zambiri zapamwamba za anthu olemera kwambiri mumzindawu zidakalipo mpaka lero. Kupatula iwo, Park Street ili ndi malo ambiri odyera, mahotela angapo apamwamba komanso zozizwitsa zingapo - St. Xavier College ndi nyumba yakale ya Asiatic Society, yomangidwa mu 1784.

Nthawi ina, Park Street inali likulu la moyo wanyimbo wa Kolkata - idapangitsa akatswiri ambiri otchuka, omwe panthawiyo anali achinyamata okhaokha. Ndipo palinso manda akale aku Britain, omwe miyala yawo yamanda ndi zomangamanga zenizeni. Onetsetsani kuti mwadutsa mukuyenda - pali china choti muwone.

Kumalo: Amayi Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016.

Eco paki

Eco Park, yomwe ndi imodzi mwazokongola zachilengedwe ku Kolkata, ili kumpoto kwa mzindawu. Dera lake, lomwe limakhala mahekitala pafupifupi 200, lagawidwa m'malo angapo. Pakatikati pa malowa pali nyanja yayikulu yokhala ndi chilumba, pomwe pali malo odyera angapo abwino komanso nyumba zabwino za alendo. Mutha kukonzekera tsiku lonse kuti mupite ku Eco Tourism Park, chifukwa zosangalatsa zambiri, zopangidwira osati ana okha, komanso akuluakulu, sizikulolani kuti musokonezeke. Kuphatikiza pa kuyenda kwakanthawi ndi kupalasa njinga, alendo amatha kusangalala ndi paintball, kuwombera uta, kukwera ngalawa ndi zina zambiri.

Maola otsegulira:

Lachiwiri-Sat: kuyambira 14:00 mpaka 20:00;
Dzuwa: kuyambira 12:00 mpaka 20:00.

Kumalo: Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kolkata, 700156.

Mlatho wa Howrah

Howrah Bridge, yotchedwanso Rabindra Setu, ili pafupi ndi Mahatma Gandhi Metro Station ku Bara Bazar. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake (kutalika - 705 m, kutalika - 97 m, m'lifupi - 25 m), idalowa m'zipilala zazikulu kwambiri za 6 padziko lapansi. Atamangidwa mkati mwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse kuti athandize asitikali ankhondo aku Britain, Howrah Bridge ndiye nyumba yoyamba kumangidwa ndi ma rivets olimba m'malo mwa ma bolts ndi mtedza.

Masiku ano, Bridge ya Howrah, yomwe imadutsa magalimoto masauzande ambiri tsiku lililonse, ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu osati cha Kolkata yokha, komanso West Bengal yense. Ndizosangalatsa makamaka kulowa kwa dzuwa, pomwe zida zazikulu zachitsulo zimanyezimira dzuwa likamalowa ndikuwonekera m'madzi abata a Mtsinje wa Hooghly. Kuti muwone bwino malo odziwika bwino mzindawu, yendani kumapeto kwa Mullik Ghat Flower Market. Mwa njira, sikuletsedwa kujambula mlatho, koma posachedwa kutsatira lamuloli kwakhala koyendetsedwa pang'ono, ndiye kuti mutha kutenga chiopsezo.

Kumalo: Jagganath Ghat | 1, Strand Road, Kolkata, 700001.

Kachisi wa Birla

Ulendo wakuwona malo ku Kolkata umatha ndi Kachisi wa Chihindu wa Lakshmi-Narayana womwe uli kumwera kwa mzindawu. Kumangidwa pakati pa zaka za zana la 20. zothandizidwa ndi banja la Birla, yakhala imodzi mwazinthu zokongola kwambiri m'nthawi yathu ino. Zowonadi, mamangidwe amitundu iwiri, opangidwa ndi miyala yamiyala yoyera ngati chipale chofewa, yokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa okongola, mapangidwe osema, makonde ang'ono ndi zipilala zokongola, imatha kukopa ngakhale wapaulendo wodziwa bwino. Mbali inanso ya Kachisi wa Birla ndi kusapezeka kwa mabelu - wopanga mapulaniwo amaganiza kuti chime chawo chitha kusokoneza bata ndi mtendere wam'kachisi.

Zitseko za kachisi ndizotsegulidwa kwa aliyense. Koma pakhomo muyenera kusiya nsapato zanu zokha, komanso foni yanu yam'manja, kamera, kanema kamera ndi zida zina zilizonse.

Maola otseguka: tsiku lililonse kuyambira 05:30 mpaka 11:00 komanso kuyambira 04:30 mpaka 21:00.
Kulowa ulele.
Kumalo: Ashutosh Chowdhury Road | 29 Ashutosh Choudhury Avenue, Kolkata, 700019.

Nyumba

Monga umodzi mwamizinda yayikulu kwambiri ku India, Kolkata imapereka malo ambiri okhala. Apa mutha kupeza hotelo zapamwamba za 5 *, nyumba zabwino, ndi bajeti, koma ma hosteli abwino.

Mitengo yanyumba ku Kolkata ili pafupi kufanana ndi malo ena ogulitsira ku India. Nthawi yomweyo, kusiyana pakati pazosankha mosiyanasiyana ndikosawoneka. Ngati mtengo wotsika wa chipinda chachiwiri mu 3 * hotelo ndi $ 13 patsiku, ndiye kuti mu 4 * hotelo ndi $ 1 yokha. Nyumba ya alendo idzakhala yotsika mtengo - renti yake imayamba pa $ 8.

Mzindawu umatha kugawidwa m'magawo atatu - kumpoto, pakati, kumwera. Malo ogona mwa aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ake.

Malo	ubwino	Zovuta
Kumpoto	Pafupi ndi eyapoti; Pali madera ambiri obiriwira.	Kutali ndi zokopa zazikulu mumzinda; Kupezeka koyenda koyenda pang'ono - kulibe masitima apamtunda, ndipo kuyenda mabasi ndi matekisi kumawononga ndalama zambiri (malinga ndi kwanuko).
Pakatikati	Zambiri zokopa zakale ndi zomangamanga; Kukhalapo kwa malo akuluakulu ogulitsira; Makina oyendetsa mayendedwe; Pali malo ogona osiyanasiyana pamtundu uliwonse wamabuku ndi bajeti.	Phokoso kwambiri; Zosankha zotsika mtengo zogona zimathetsedwa mwachangu, ndipo zina zonse sizingapezeke kwa aliyense.
Kumwera	Kupezeka kwa malo ogulitsira ndi zosangalatsa; Pali nyanja, mapaki, nyumba zamakono; Kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri; Mitengo yanyumba ndiyotsika kwambiri kuposa madera ena awiriwa.	Gawo ili lamzindawo limaonedwa kuti ndilatsopano kwambiri, kotero apa simupeza zikumbutso zam'mbuyomu kapena zomangamanga za m'zaka za zana la 19.

Zakudya zabwino

Kufika ku Kolkata (India), simudzakhala ndi njala. Pali malo odyera okwanira, malo omwera, malo odyera ndi ena "oimira" zodyera pano, ndipo misewu ya mzindawu ili ndi malo okhala momwe mungalawire zakudya zachikhalidwe zaku India. Zina mwa izo, chidwi cha khichuri, ray, gugni, pulao, biriyani, charchari, papadam komanso maswiti otchuka aku Bengali - masangweji, mishti doi, khir, jalebi ndi pantua akuyenera kusamalidwa mwapadera. Zonsezi zimatsukidwa ndi tiyi wokoma ndi mkaka, womwe umatsanuliridwa osati mumakapu apulasitiki wamba, koma mumakapu ang'onoang'ono a ceramic.

Chofunikira kwambiri pakusiyanitsa zakudya zakomweko ndikuphatikiza kununkhira kokoma ndi zokometsera. Chakudya chimaphikidwa mumafuta (mafuta a mpiru a nsomba ndi shrimp, ghee wa mpunga ndi ndiwo zamasamba) ndikuwonjezera curry ndi chisakanizo chapadera chomwe chimaphatikizapo zonunkhira zosiyanasiyana za 5. Malo odyera ambiri amakhala ndi mbale zosiyanasiyana za dal (legume) pamankhwala awo. Msuzi amapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo, akukankhira mikate yathyathyathya, mphodza ndi nyama, nsomba kapena ndiwo zamasamba zakonzedwa.

Malo ambiri abwinobwino amapezeka mdera la Chowringa Road ndi Park Street. Otsatirawa amakhala ndi mabungwe ambiri aboma komanso aboma, chifukwa chake nthawi yamasana imakhala khitchini yayikulu yomwe imakwaniritsa zokhumba za ogwira ntchito maofesi ambiri. Za mitengo:

nkhomaliro kapena chakudya chamadzulo kwa anthu awiri pachakudya chotsika mtengo chimawononga $ 6,
mu cafe yapakatikati - $ 10-13,
chotukuka ku McDonalds - $ 4-5.

Ngati mupita kukaphika panokha, yang'anani m'misika ndi malo ogulitsira akulu akulu (monga Spencer) - pali assortment yayikulu pamenepo, ndipo mitengo ndiyotsika mtengo kwambiri.

Mitengo yonse yomwe ili ndi nkhaniyi ndi ya Seputembara 2019.

Yerekezerani mitengo ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito Fomu iyi

Nyengo ndi nyengo ndi nthawi yanji yabwino kubwera

Kolkata ku India imakhala yotentha kwambiri. Chilimwe ndi chotentha komanso chinyontho pano - kutentha kwa mpweya pakadali pano kumayambira + 35 mpaka + 40 ° С, ndipo mvula yambiri imakhala mu Ogasiti. Nthawi yomweyo mvula imagwa mwamphamvu mwakuti nthawi zina msewu umasowa pansi pa phazi lanu. Pali tchuthi chochepa panthawiyi, ndipo omwe saopa nyengo yovuta akulangizidwa kuti atenge ambulera, raincoat, zovala zingapo zoyanika mwachangu ndi ma slippers a mphira (mu nsapato mudzakhala otentha).

Kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, mvula imasiya mwadzidzidzi, ndipo kutentha kwa mpweya kumatsikira ku 27 ° C. Ndipanthawi yomwe nyengo yayitali yoyendera alendo imayamba ku Kolkata, kuyambira pakati pa Okutobala mpaka koyambirira kwa Marichi. Komabe, usiku m'nyengo yozizira kumakhala kozizira bwino - dzuwa litalowa, thermometer imagwa mpaka + 15 ° С, ndipo nthawi zina imatha kufika zero. Pakufika masika, kutentha kotentha kumangobwerera ku Calcutta, koma kuchuluka kwa alendo sikuchepera chifukwa cha izi. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi Chaka Chatsopano cha Bengali, chomwe chimakondwerera pakati pa Epulo.

Malangizo Othandiza

Mukakonzekera kupita ku Kolkata ku India, onani malangizo angapo othandiza:

Mukapita kutchuthi kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe, sungani zotsalira zokwanira. Pali udzudzu wambiri pano, komanso, ambiri mwa iwo ndi omwe amanyamula malungo ndi malungo a dengue.
Ndizovuta kwambiri kukwera taxi yachikaso munthawi yothamanga. Mukakumana ndi vuto lomweli, musachite mantha kupempha apolisi kuti akuthandizeni.

Atakhala mgalimoto, nthawi yomweyo nenani kuti mukufuna kupita pa mita. Yotsirizira iyenera kukhazikitsidwa ku 10.
Ngakhale kuti mzinda wa Kolkata ndi amodzi mwamalo otetezeka kwambiri ku India, ndibwino kusunga ndalama ndi zikalata pafupi ndi thupi.
Kumbukirani kusamba m'manja musanadye ndikumwa madzi a m'mabotolo okha - izi zikupulumutsani ku matenda am'mimba.
Zimbudzi zam'misewu ya Kolkata ndizosayenera kwathunthu kwa azimayi, chifukwa chake musawononge nthawi yanu - ndibwino kupita molunjika ku cafe, cinema kapena malo ena aliwonse aboma.

Ndi bwino kugula ma saris a silika, zodzikongoletsera zamitundu, zifanizo zadongo ndi zokumbutsa zina m'misika - pamenepo ndi zotsika mtengo kangapo.
Pofuna kuti musamakopane ndi zovala zotentha, asiye mu chipinda chosungira ndege.
Mukasankha kusunthira mzindawu nokha kapena mayendedwe a lendi, kumbukirani kuti magalimoto apa ndi amanzere, ndipo m'misewu ina imabwereranso njira imodzi. Komanso, poyamba imayendetsedwa mbali imodzi, kenako mbali inayo.
Ngakhale mahotela 4 * abwino ku Kolkata sangasinthe bafuta ndi matawulo - mukasungitsa chipinda pasadakhale, musaiwale kuwona izi ndi woyang'anira.