Kodi mumalota chodzala maluwa okongola? Zonse zakukula cyclamen kunyumba ndikuzisamalira

Cyclamen ndi duwa lowala m'nyumba, lokongola ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa ndi fungo lonunkhira.

Mbali yayikulu ya chomerayi imakhala maluwa nthawi yozizira, pomwe maluwa ambiri amnyumba amakhala osakhalitsa.

Ubwino wina wa cyclamen amawerengedwa kuti ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zoswana, pomwe pali zoyenera kwa oyamba kumene komanso odziwa bwino zamaluwa. Timaphunzira m'nkhani yathu zovuta za kukula kwa cyclamen kunyumba.

Kufotokozera

Cyclamen ndi chitsamba chosatha chokhudzana ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Masambawo ndi owoneka ngati mtima, wobiriwira mdima ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya imvi kapena siliva. Maluwawo amakhala pamiyala yayitali pamwamba pamasamba ake, mtundu wa maluwawo ndi wowala, wamitundu yonse yamithunzi, kuyambira yoyera mpaka yofiirira.

Maluwa atatha, cyclamen imatha kukhetsa osati maluwa okhaokha, komanso masamba, ndikulowa m'malo ampumulo (kuti mumve zambiri za maluwa a cyclamen amatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji komanso momwe mungasamalire duwa lisanatuluke, werengani apa) ... Mizu imakhala yolimba kwambiri pafupifupi 5 cm, komabe, mizu ya oimira aliyense imatha kufikira 15 cm.

Malangizo! Cyclamen amatchedwanso "Alpine violet", ndi wa banja la Primroses. Oyimira zakutchire a chomerachi amapezeka ku Central Europe, Mediterranean, Turkey ndi Iran.

Kodi kukula?

Kukula bwino ndikukula kwa cyclamen, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungakulire. Pachifukwa ichi, malo abwino kwambiri ayenera kupangidwa, omwe ali pafupi ndi chilengedwe cha chomerachi. Zinthu zofunika kuti maluwa akule bwino ndi izi:

• cyclamen ndi chomera chokonda kuzizira. Maluwa awa salola kutentha, kutentha kwakukulu kumachokera ku +14 mpaka +16 madigiri. Kutentha kwanthawi yayitali pamwambapa +25 kumatha kubweretsa kufa kwa mbewu;
• duwa limafunikira kuwala, dzuwa lowopsa ndilowopsa pamasamba;
• chipinda chokhala ndi cyclamen chimayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira nthawi zonse, popewa mawonekedwe azithunzi;
• Pakati pa nyengo yotentha, sikulimbikitsidwa kuyika miphika ndi chomera pafupi ndi batri kapena zotenthetsera;
• kuthirira cyclamen kuyenera kukhala munthawi yake; kudzikundikira kwanyontho sikuyenera kuloledwa;
• kupopera cyclamen sikofunikira;
• Kuchulukanso kwa mchere m'nthaka kumawonongetsanso chomeracho, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa kuchuluka kwa feteleza.

Momwe mungasamalire?

Njira zingapo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa cyclamen kunyumba. Chomeracho chimatha kulimidwa kuchokera ku mbewu, komanso mothandizidwa ndi ana aakazi tubers, makanda kapena cyclamen rosettes.

Mbewu

Olima munda ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso la momwe mungamere maluwa ndi mbewu? Chifukwa chake, njirayi iyenera kuganiziridwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zimagulidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa maluwa. Musanagule, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti tsiku lotha ntchito silinathe... Mbeu za cyclamen zimatha kusungidwa kwa zaka ziwiri kuchokera tsiku lomwe zidapangidwa. Chongani kukhulupirika kwa phukusili.

Chenjezo! Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti mbewu zabwino ndizo zomwe zasunga mawonekedwe ake. Kuphwanya lamulo limodzi kapena angapo kumabweretsa chifukwa chakuti mbeu sizingamere.

Kuti tipeze mbewu kunyumba, mayi wobzala amafunika kuyendetsa mungu. Kuti muchite izi, panthawi yamaluwa a cyclamen, pogwiritsa ntchito burashi, mungu umasunthidwa kuchoka ku duwa limodzi kupita ku linzake. Kutulutsa mungu kumalimbikitsa nyengo yamvula, masana asanadye. Zotsatira zabwino, kuyendetsa mungu kumabwerezedwa kawiri. Maluwa atatha, mbewu zimatha kusonkhanitsidwa.

Asanayambe kufesa, nyembazo ziyenera kukonzekera. Kuti achite izi, amaviika m'madzi ozizira masiku atatu kapena amasungidwa munjira yofooka ya manganese. M'malo mwa potaziyamu permanganate, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwapadera, mwachitsanzo, "Epin" kapena "Zircon".

Kutsika kumapangidwa m'makina apulasitiki okhala ndi mabowo amadzi pansi. Ngalande yosanjikiza kuchokera kumiyala yaying'ono kapena dongo lokulitsidwa imayikidwa mkati, makulidwe a ngalandeyo sayenera kupitirira 2 cm.

Kuchokera pamwambapa, beseni ladzaza ndi dothi lapadera lokonzedwa kuchokera kusakanizika kwa nthaka ya masamba ndi peat mofanana. Kukula kwa nthaka ndi 5 mpaka 7 cm. Pambuyo pake, dothi limakonzedwa ndi kubzala mwa njira izi:

• grooves mpaka 1 cm yakuya amapangidwa panthaka, momwe mbewu zimafesedwa;
• Mbeu zimayikidwa pamwamba pa nthaka mu chidebe, kenako zimakonkhedwa ndi nthaka, yomwe makulidwe ake sapitilira 2 cm.

Mukamabzala, mtunda pakati pa nyembazo uyenera kukhala wosachepera 3-5 cm.

Mukabzala, zotengera zimakutidwa ndi zojambulazo ndikusungidwa kutentha kwa madigiri 20. Pakatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, njere zimayamba kumera.

Pogawa tuber

Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomera zomwe zafota ndikulowa munthawi yovuta. Kawirikawiri tubers zazikulu zamaluwa akuluakulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. Tuber imachotsedwa m'nthaka ndikuumitsidwa mosamala kuti ichotse zotsalira za chinyezi.
2. Ndi mpeni wakuthwa, muzuwo umadulidwa kuti pakhale mizu ndi masamba pang'ono mbali iliyonse, ndipo malo odulidwawo ndi ochepa momwe angathere. Mugawo limodzi, amaloledwa kudula tuber m'magawo osapitilira awiri.
3. Pambuyo kugawa, malo odulidwa amachiritsidwa ndi malasha ndikusiyidwa m'malo amdima tsiku limodzi.
4. Kumapeto kwa tsikulo, ma tubers amabzalidwa pansi kuchokera patsamba ndi sod land, peat ndi mchenga mu chiyerekezo cha 2: 2: 2: 1. Pambuyo pake, mbewuzo zimakula ndi mtundu wosiyanasiyana komanso kutentha kwa madigiri 13 mpaka 16.

Chenjezo! Pogawa, ma tubers okha omwe ali ndi masamba athunthu komanso osawonongeka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ana

Mwa njirayi, choyambirira, ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa mosamala mwana wamkazi wa tubers kuchokera kwa mayi. Ntchitoyi nthawi zambiri imakhala yosavuta.

Pambuyo pake, mwana amabzalidwa mu chisakanizo cha humus, nthaka yamasamba ndi peat. Mukamabzala, tuber iyenera kumizidwa munthaka yokha.... Hafu inayo iyenera kukhala pamwamba.

Pambuyo pake, kuthirira koyenera kuyenera kuwonedwa. Pakatha pafupifupi sabata, tuber imapereka masamba oyamba.

Malo ogulitsira

Rosettes amatchedwa mphukira pa cyclamen tubers. Mphukira zazikulu kwambiri komanso zamphamvu kwambiri zimasankhidwa kuti zibzalidwe. Rosette itapatulidwa mosamala ndi chomeracho, imabzalidwa m'nthaka yofewa, yofanana ndi kusakaniza kwa mbewu, ndikuyiyika mufilimu. Chidebe chokhala ndi mphukira chimayikidwa pamalo otetemera, kutentha kosapitilira madigiri 18, ndikuthirira pang'ono. Pambuyo masiku 15-20, rosette imayamba mizu, pambuyo pake mphukira imayang'aniridwa ngati chomera chachikulire.

Kuchotsa mphukira zonse mwakamodzi kumatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa maluwawo, mpaka kufa. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kulekanitsa mphukira imodzi kamodzi.

Matenda, tizirombo ndi mavuto

Chifukwa cha zovuta kapena kusowa chisamaliro mukamakula cyclamen, imatha kuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana kapena kuwoneka kwa tizirombo. Kuthirira mopitirira muyeso ndi fetereza wochulukirapo ndizovulaza kwambiri chomera ichi.

Mavuto akulu posungira chipinda cyclamen ndi awa:

1. Chikasu masamba. Nthawi zambiri, vutoli limachitika pakakhala chinyezi chochulukirapo. Ndibwino kuti muchepetse kuthirira. Chifukwa china chimakhala kutentha kosakwanira. Ngati duwa lili pafupi ndi zida zotenthetsera, muyenera kulisunthira pamalo ozizira. Masamba akayamba kusanduka achikasu cyclamen itaphulika, izi zikuwonetsa kuti duwa likulowa m'malo ogona.
2. Kupanda maluwa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa chosowa chinyezi kapena kutentha kwambiri. Zinthu zofunikira zikabwezeretsedwa, maluwa, monga lamulo, ayambiranso.
3. Mizu yovunda... Limodzi mwa mavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi cyclamen m'nyumba mukamatsatira malamulo othirira. Mizu ikaola, duwa limachotsedwa mumphika ndipo gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa limadulidwa. Pambuyo pake, ma tubers amatsukidwa mu njira yofooka ya manganese ndikubzala mu nthaka yatsopano.
4. Kusintha kwa masamba, ma peduncles ndi maluwa, maluwa ofooka. Zonsezi ndi zizindikiro za chotupa cha cyclamen. Ndikofunika kuchitapo kanthu nthawi yoyamba zizindikiro zoyambirira zikapezeka, chifukwa tizilombo timafalikira mofulumira kwambiri. Choyamba, m'pofunika kuchotsa nthawi zonse maluwawo, ndiyeno muzisamalira Fitoverm kapena Agravertin. Mankhwalawa amabwerezedwa kawiri kawiri pamasabata.
5. Kuyanika masamba m'mphepete ndikuwonekera kwa madontho oyera pamasamba. Izi zikuwonetsa kuwoneka kwa tizilombo ngati ma thrips. Chomeracho chimayenera kukhala kutali ndi maluwa ena, kuti tipewe kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, pambuyo pake amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo (Decis, Inta-vir), kutsatira malangizo omwe ali pakhomopo.
6. Wotuwa pachimake pamasamba... Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha nkhungu imvi. Zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi chinyezi chochuluka m'nthaka kapena kudyetsa pafupipafupi (werengani za nthawi yanji yodyetsa cyclamen, werengani apa). Kuti maluwawo asungidwe, kuyika panthaka yatsopano ndikuchiza ndi fungicide kumafunika - Fundanazole, Rovral (mutha kudziwa momwe mungayikitsire cyclamen apa).

   Malangizo! Pofuna kupewa matendawa, muyenera kuchepetsa kuthirira ndi kudyetsa.

Momwe mungasamalire?

Cyclamen imawerengedwa kuti ndi mbewu yopanda tanthauzo - kuti ikule bwino, pamafunika zinthu zingapo zomwe ziyenera kuwonedwa.

Nthaka

Chomera chokhwima chimafuna dothi lowala, lomwe limalola kuti mizuyo ilandire mpweya wokwanira komanso kuti isasunge madzi ochulukirapo. Nthaka ya cyclamen itha kukonzedwa paokha kapena kugula okonzeka m'sitolo... Kunyumba, gawo lapansi limapangidwa ndi dothi lamasamba, mchenga, humus ndi peat pachiwerengero cha 3: 1: 1: 1.

Kuthirira ndi chinyezi

Olima maluwa odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuthirira cyclamen kudzera pa thireyi kapena m'mphepete mwa mphika. Musalole kuti chinyezi chifike pamaluwa kapena masamba a chomeracho. Madzi othirira ayenera kuthetsedwa, kutentha. N'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha otentha. Ngati, patatha ola limodzi, madzi amakhalabe poto, ayenera kukhetsedwa. Ngati mpweya mchipindacho ndi wouma kwambiri, ndiye kuti maluwawo sayenera kupopera. Kuchulukitsa chinyezi, ma pallet okhala ndi moss kapena miyala yonyowa imayikidwa pafupi ndi mphika wa cyclamen.

Kusamalira

Pambuyo maluwa, cyclamen imatulutsa masamba ndikuwonetsa tuber. Pakadali pano, mphika wokhala ndi tuber umayikidwa pamalo ozizira, amdima, kuthirira kumachepetsa, kusunga dothi lonyowa. Nthawi imeneyi imakhala pafupifupi miyezi itatu, pambuyo pake gawo lakukula mwachangu limayamba.

Kuti mumve zambiri za momwe mungasamalire cyclamen nthawi yonseyi, werengani nkhani zathu.

Makanema ogwirizana:

Kusamalira cyclamen kunyumba.

Mapeto

Cyclamen imafunikira luso linalake komanso luso pakukula mbewu zamkati. Komabe, ngakhale katswiri wamaluwa wamaluwa amatha kumukula, ndikwanira kungotsatira zofunikira zonse. M'malo mwake, cyclamen idzakusangalatsani ndi mawonekedwe owala ndipo idzakhala yokongoletsa kwanu.

Onerani kanemayo: How to check if cyclamen pods are ripe (Mulole 2024).