Malangizo pakubzala, chisamaliro ndi kuberekanso kwa chomera chakunyumba begonia chisoti

M'nkhaniyi tikambirana za woimira wina wa banja la Begoniev - korona wa begonias. Dzinalo lokha likunena kale za kudzikuza kwa mawonekedwe ake.

Masamba okongolawo ali ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka osakanikirana ndi mtundu wobiriwira ndi utoto wa azitona kumtunda. Ndipo kumunsi kwake kuli utoto wofiirira.

Tikudziwitsani zapadera zosamalira zosiyanazi komanso mavuto ena omwe amabwera pakamamera maluwa.

Kulongosola kwa botanical ndi mbiri yakomwe idachokera

Ndi chomera chosatha. Kufikira kutalika kwa masentimita 60, ndipo alimi ena amaluwa amati begonia iyi imatha kufikira mita. Mawonekedwe a masambawo ndi ofanana, owoneka ngati chala. M'mbali mwake muli serrated kwambiri.
Begonia anapezedwa ndi katswiri wazamadzi waku France Charles Plumier, yemwe pambuyo pake adayamba kufufuza zomwe adazipeza ndipo adazitcha pambuyo pa omwe adakonza njira yofufuzira a Michel Begon. Dziko lakwawo limadziwika kuti ndi South ndi Central America, komwe amakulira m'nkhalango zotentha pamitengo yakale yowuma, kangapo amapezeka pamapiri ndi mapiri.

Pamakalata. Miyeso ya masamba: kutalika - pafupifupi masentimita 15, ndi m'lifupi - pafupifupi masentimita 12. Amalumikizidwa ndi ma cuttings ataliatali. Zimayambira zimakhala zowongoka.

Maonekedwe ndi zina

Ikuwoneka ngati shrub yamsongole, yopepuka kwambiri. Masamba amatenga mawonekedwe odabwitsa, osagwirizana. Ndipo ndiobiriwira ndimtengo wa azitona pamwamba. Siliva pigmentation imachepetsa utoto wa pepala pamwamba pake. Ndipo pansi pamunsi pa tsamba, titha kuwona utoto wake.

Chifukwa cha kusefukira koteroko, mawonekedwe osangalatsa amapangidwa, omwe amakhala okongola ngakhale opanda maluwa, omwe, mwa njira, amapezeka pa begonias. Ali ndi mtundu wapinki, womwe, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo, amawoneka ngati oyera.

Zapadera pa Chovalacho chimaphatikizapo kupezeka kwa maluwa achikazi ndi achimuna pa peduncles. Maluwa achikazi a chomerachi ali ndi bokosi lamitundu itatu pamwamba pamakhala.

Malingaliro a kubzala

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti Kachigawo kakang'ono kamayenera kubzalidwa nthawi iliyonse masika, ndipo okalamba amatha kukhala ocheperako - kamodzi zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Nthawi yomweyo, sungani mizu, ndikusankha miphika, muzisankha zazikulu, koma zosaya.

Kusankha dothi

Mutha kugula gawo lokonzekera m'sitolo. Chokhacho, kumbukirani kuti acidity iyenera kukhala yofooka (kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 6.5 pH). Zomwezo zimaphatikizanso chisakanizo cha nthaka chomwe mwasankha kuti mudzikonzekere.

Kuti mupeze nthaka yachonde kunyumba, tengani zinthu izi: nthaka yamchere ndi mchenga (makamaka mtsinje) gawo limodzi panthawi, ndi magawo atatu a masamba. Musaiwale za kusanjikiza kwa ngalande mukamabzala begonias, zomwe zingateteze kuchepa kwa madzi mumtsuko wamaluwa.

Kukhazikika kuti?

Iyenera kukhala malo opumira mpweya wabwino, nthawi yotentha komanso yozizira.

Chenjezo! Makonzedwe owononga kwambiri a tiara ndi khonde lotseka patsiku lotentha la chilimwe.

Koma musasakanize mpweya wabwino ndi ma drafti. Sayenera kukhala. Onetsetsani kuti mizu imakhala yotentha nthawi zonse. Koma musasankhe malo pafupi ndi zida zotenthetsera - amaumitsa mpweya.

Kuyatsa

Begonia - amakonda kuwala kwambiri. Ndipo ngati mungamupatse vutoli, ayamba kukula ndi mphamvu zokulirapo. Koma kuyatsa kuyenera kufalikira.

Mulimonsemo musalole kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kugwere maluwawo, amawotcha masamba okongola. Mbali iyi ya korona imagwirizanitsidwa ndi dziko lakwawo, komwe imamera m'malo otentha, koma nthawi yomweyo imakhala yotetezedwa ndi mitengo yotambalala.

Mukamasankha mbali ya nyumbayo, sankhani mbali zakumadzulo ndi kum'mawa.

Ngati njira yokhayo ingakhale kumwera, ndiye kuti mthunzi ubalike, makamaka masana dzuwa likutentha. (Izi zikhoza kukhala pepala kapena zojambulazo.)

Kusamalira kukongola kwachilendo

Kuthirira

Kuti mupatse chomera ichi chisamaliro choyenera, chimayenera kuthiriridwa kwambiri chilimwe komanso pang'ono m'nyengo yozizira (panthawiyi duwa likupuma, ndiye kuti, kukula kwake kumayima). Kusiyanitsa pakati pa chinyezi cha nthaka kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi inu nokha, moganizira momwe zinthu zilili: nthaka ya pamwamba itangouma, begonia imafunikira kuthirira kwatsopano. Koma izi zili mchilimwe chokha.

M'nyengo yozizira, mutayanika masentimita 1-2 a dziko lapansi, masiku angapo apitawo.

Pamakalata. Muyenera kuthirira madzi otentha kutentha. Izi zitha kukhala zamadzimadzi zosefera.

Koma osati kuchokera pampopi. Pali zodetsa zambiri m'madzi zomwe zimachokera mumzinda zomwe zingasokoneze maluwawo. Alimi ena amagwiritsa ntchito madzi amvula kuthirira, koma tizirombo tambiri titha kukhalamo.

Kudulira

Kuti chomera ichi chikusangalatseni inu momwe mungathere ndi mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino, nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kukonzanso mphamvu ndi kudulira. Ndipo kuti apange chitsamba chokongola ngakhale nthawi ndi nthawi kuchisintha kuchokera kumakona osiyanasiyana kupita ku kuwala.

Kutentha kwa mpweya

Kufotokozera, kachiwiri, ndi malo achilengedwe, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti chisoti chimakonda kutentha kwa mpweya mpaka madigiri 20-25 pamwamba pa zero m'nyengo yotentha. Ndipo imayenera kukhala yozizira pang'ono m'nyengo yozizira, koma thermometer sayenera kutsika pansi pa 19 madigiri Celsius. Pewani kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha.

Chinyezi

Begonia ayamika chifukwa chinyezi chokwanira mozungulira. Koma simuyenera kukwaniritsa izi pogwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Chomera chathu, makamaka masamba ake okongola, sichimalola izi.

Ndibwino kuti nthawi zonse mukwaniritse mphasa ndi dongo lokulitsa kapena timiyala tonyowa pansi pa mphika wamaluwa. Ngati izi sizikugwira ntchito, ingoikani chidebe chamadzi pafupi ndi miphika yamaluwa. Ikamatuluka, imasokoneza mpweya.

Zovala zapamwamba

Maluwa begonias ayenera kukhala ndi umuna panthawi yopanga maluwa. Izi ziyenera kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito malo amadzimadzi ogulidwa m'sitolo. Ayenera kusungunuka molingana ndi malangizo omwe ali phukusili.

Kutchulidwa. Zakudya zofunikira zimafunika kuwonjezeredwa kawiri pamwezi. Perekani zokonda feteleza omwe ali ndi potaziyamu wambiri ndi phosphorous. Ndikwabwino kuti pali asafe osachepera, omwe amakhudza kukula kwa gawo lobiriwira la mbewuyo, koma amachepetsa maluwa a begonia.

Momwe mungasamalire mitundu iyi ya begonias monga Tiger, Naked, Sizolistnaya, Mason, Metallic, Collar, Imperial, Coral, Rex ndi Fista, muphunzira munthawi zosiyana zapa portal yathu.

Tizirombo ndi matenda

• Kuunikira kochulukirapo kudzawonetsedwa ndi masamba owala kwambiri, ndipo mthunzi wawo wotuwa umasiyanitsa - kusowa kwa kuyatsa.
• Mphepete mwa masamba amasintha mtundu wawo kukhala wachikasu, wabulauni, kapena kutaya, ndipo nthawi ino maluwawo amafota - uwu ndi uthenga kwa inu wonena za izi. kuti ndikofunikira kuthirira chomeracho nthawi zambiri kapena zochulukirapo ndikuthira manyowa.
• Masamba omwe sanaphukebe amayamba kugwa pansi - izi zimachitika chifukwa chouma kwa mpweya kapena kuthirira nthaka kwambiri.
• Mphukira ikatambasula ndikuchepera, ndipo nthawi yomweyo masamba amatembenuka ndikugwa, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuwala. Ngati izi sizingachitike mwachilengedwe, funani kuyatsa kopangira thandizo.
• Kufota masamba ndi kuwola kwawo pang'onopang'ono zidzakuwuzani zakunyowetsa kwapadziko lapansi pafupipafupi.
• Mizu, mbali inayi, imawola pazifukwa zitatu: kachigawo kakang'ono ka ngalande, chinyezi chowonjezera m'nthaka, kapena kubzala kwambiri.

Tsopano tiyeni tisunthire pamavuto amtundu uliwonse omwe amabisalira korona wanu.

1. Kuvunda imvi.

   Masambawo amaphimbidwa ndi utoto wofiirira, womwe umauma pang'onopang'ono mumlengalenga. Ngati chinyezi chikuwonjezeka, mawangawa sawuma, koma amakwiriridwa ndi zokutira imvi, zotchedwa spores. Gwiritsani ntchito topsine kapena benlate kuti mupulumutse begonia. Bwerezani izi theka lililonse la mwezi mpaka tizilombo titagonjetsedwa. Mukapanda kuyamba kuyambiranso nthawi, duwa lidzafa.

2. Powdery mildew.

   Chovala choyera cha ufa chimapezeka pamagawo onse am'mera. Maluwa amagwa pomwepo, ndipo amasiya - ataboola. Pofuna kuthana ndi woukirayu, tengani chisoticho ndi madzi a sopo. Ngati izo sizikuthandizani, bwererani ku basezol kapena benlate mayankho. Ndondomeko ikuchitika milungu iwiri iliyonse mpaka kuchira kwathunthu.

3. Kangaude.

   Mbale za masamba zimakutidwa ndi zipsera zazing'ono kenako zimauma. Chithandizo cha begonias chidzakhala chithandizo pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga decis.

4. Aphid.

   Imabisala m'maso mwa anthu kumbuyo kwa masamba, masamba, komanso pansi pamiyendo. Mawonekedwe a tsamba ndi opunduka, ndipo maluwa samayamba konse. Njira yolimbana ndi chithandizo ndi actellik ndi fufanon.

Kubereka

Pali njira zingapo zofalitsira chomerachi. Tiyeni tikambirane za iwo mwadongosolo.

1. Kudula ndi tsinde.

   Iyi ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Kuti muchite izi, mumatsitsa tsinde laling'ono kuchokera maluwa akulu. Kenako musamuike m'manda, koma ingokanikizani kudula m'nthaka. Mutha kutentha pang'ono gawo lapansi kuchokera pansipa. Yembekezani milungu ingapo kuti tsinde lizimire, ndipo musaiwale kuthirira.

2. Kufesa mbewu.

   Iyi ndi njira yayitali kwambiri ndipo ndi yoyenera kwa odwala. Kubzala mbewu kumachitika kumapeto kwa February - koyambirira kwa Marichi. Mumatenga nthaka ngati wamkulu wa begonia. Thirani mu bokosi la nthaka ndikuwaza nyembazo mopepuka. Pambuyo pake, musathirire nthaka, koma perekani mosamala. Phimbani ndi zojambulazo kapena galasi, ndikupanga wowonjezera kutentha.

   Zofunika! Tsegulani bokosilo tsiku lililonse, mukuumitsa mbewu ndikuchotsa madontho amadzi omwe amapanga.

3. Mapepala kapena gawo lake.

   Pofalitsa tsamba lonse la tsamba, tsinani ndi chogwirira ndikuyika m'madzi. Mizu yoyamba ikangotuluka mu tsamba, imatha kuziika pansi.

   Ngati mukufuna kupeza mphukira zingapo pa tsamba limodzi, tengani tsamba limodzi lalikulu lamasamba athanzi ndipo mugawe m'magawo kuti mtengowo ukhale umodzi umodzi. Ikani tsamba lodulidwa pamwamba panthaka ndikudina pang'ono pamagawo awa. Pakadutsa pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, amaphukira pamakona atatu ndipo amatha kubzala m'miphika ing'onoing'ono yamaluwa.

Nzosadabwitsa kuti begonia iyi idatchedwa korona, chifukwa silvery, ngakhale ngale yamtengo wapatali imatikumbutsa zokongoletsa zachifumu. Mulole nyumba yanu ikhale ndi chidutswa cha nyumba yachifumu.

Onerani kanemayo: Learn Chichewa (July 2024).