Kukonzanso kwamabungwe azovomerezeka (monga mayanjano, kulekana ndikusintha) + malangizo mwatsatanetsatane pakutsitsa bizinesi: zikalata ndi mawonekedwe a njirayi

Moni, owerenga okondedwa a magazini ya bizinesi ya RichPro.ru! Tipitiliza mndandanda wazofalitsa pamutu wokonzanso mabungwe azovomerezeka ndikuchotsa ntchito. Ndiye tiyeni tizipita!

Mwa njira, mwawona kuti mtengo wa dola ndiwofunika kale motani? Yambani kupanga ndalama pamasiyana pamitengo yosinthira apa!

Kuchita Bizinesi - sizovuta. Ili ndi mavuto ambiri. Zinthu zimachitika nthawi zambiri zikafunika sungani kampani kapena konse chotsani icho... Njirazi ndizovuta, zimafuna nthawi ndi chidziwitso cha mawonekedwe ake. Choncho, tidzawaganizira mwatsatanetsatane.

Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunzira:

• Kukonzanso bungwe lalamulo - ndi chiyani komanso mitundu iti ya kukonzanso;
• Chilichonse chokhudza kuthetsedwa kwa bizinesi - malangizo mwatsatanetsatane ndi m'modzi kapena oyambitsa angapo;
• Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe a njirazi.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kukonzanso, zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pokonzanso monga mawonekedwe, kupatukana, kusintha. Ikufotokozanso tsatane-tsatane malangizo pakuchotsa bizinesi (yolimba, bungwe) ndi zina zambiri.

1. Kukonzanso bungwe lalamulo - tanthauzo, mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe ndi mawu

Kukonzanso ndi njira yomwe imabweretsa kusintha kwamachitidwe azinthu zovomerezeka, kuyanjana kwamabungwe angapo kapena m'malo mwake, kupatukana kwawo.

Mwanjira ina, chifukwa chakukonzanso kampani imodzi imatha, koma ina imawonekera (kapena angapo), omwe ndi olowa m'malo mwalamulo woyamba.

Njira zokonzanso zimayendetsedwa ndi malamulo: Code Yachikhalidwe, malamulo pa JSC, Lumikizanani nafe.

Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo:

• mitundu ingapo yakukonzanso ingaphatikizidwe munjira imodzi;
• kutenga nawo mbali pamakampani angapo ndikotheka;
• Mitundu yamagulu azamalonda sungasinthidwe kukhala makampani osachita phindu kapena ogwirizana.

1.1. Mitundu 5 yokonzanso mabungwe azovomerezeka

Lamuloli limapereka njira zingapo momwe kukonzanso kumatha kuchitikira.

1. Kutembenuka

Kukonzanso ndi njira yokonzanso momwe mawonekedwe amakampani ndi malamulo amasintha.

2. Kudzipatula

Kuwonetsa - Iyi ndi njira yokonzanso, momwe zatsopano (imodzi kapena zingapo) zimapangidwa pamaziko a kampani imodzi. Gawo la maufulu ndi udindo wazoyambirira limasamutsidwa kumakampani omwe akhazikitsidwa. Pakutha, kampani yomwe idakonzanso idapitiliza ntchito zake.

3. Kupatukana

Pogawanika, m'malo mwa bungwe, mabungwe angapo amapangidwa, omwe amatenga maufulu ndi udindo wa kampani ya makolo.

4. Kuyandikira

Pakulowa, bungweli limalowa m'malo mwa m'modzi m'modzi kapena angapo, omwe ntchito zawo zimathetsedwa.

5. Kuphatikizana

Kuphatikizana ndikupanga bungwe latsopano pamaziko angapo, omwe kukhalapo kwawo kumatha.

Malangizo ndi tsatane tsatanetsatane wamomwe mungakonzekere mwanjira yoyanjana

Kukonzanso mwanjira yolumikizirana - tsatane-tsatane malangizo amachitidwe

Makampani okhawo omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe amtundu umodzi komanso amilandu omwe amatha kutenga nawo mbali pakuphatikiza. Njira yokonzanso mwanjira yolumikizira ndiyotchuka, chifukwa chake tidzafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane.

Njira yokonzanso ndi kuyanjana imaphatikizapo magawo angapo:

Gawo 1. Makamaka, muyenera kusankha makampani omwe azichita nawo ntchitoyi... Nthawi zambiri, chisankhochi chimapangidwa ndi mabungwe angapo olumikizidwa omwe ali ndi malo osiyanasiyana.

Gawo 2. Msonkhano wophatikizira wa omwe adayambitsa makampani onse ogwirizana umachitika. Imapanga chisankho pakuphatikizanso mwa kuphatikiza. Nthawi yomweyo, hayala ya kampani yatsopanoyo iyenera kuvomerezedwa, mgwirizano wophatikizika uyenera kupangidwa, komanso kusamutsa ufulu ndi maudindo.

Gawo 3. Lingaliro loti ajowine likapangidwa, olamulira omwe akulembetsa boma ayenera kudziwitsidwa za kuyamba kwa ntchitoyi.

Gawo 4. Ndikofunikira kusankha malo oyenera pomwe boma lidzalandire kampani yatsopanoyo... Awa ndi malo omwe mabungwe ena amalowa.

Gawo 5. Kukonzekera ndondomekoyi ndi gawo lofunikira pazolowera.

Nthawi zambiri imagawika magawo angapo:

• kudziwitsidwa kwa oyang'anira misonkho ndikulowa mu Unified State Register of Legal Instities kuti ntchito yokonzanso yayamba;
• kusungira katundu wa makampani omwe ali ndi mgwirizano;
• kawiri ndikutenga mwezi umodzi muzofalitsa (Bulletin) lipoti lakukonzanso limasindikizidwa;
• zidziwitso za omwe amabweza ngongole;
• kulembetsa chikalata chosinthira;
• kulipira ndalama za boma.

Gawo 6.Kusamutsa phukusi la zikalata zofunika kwa oyang'anira misonkho, pamaziko omwe IFTS imachita izi:

• zidziwitso zakuchotsa ntchito zamakampani ophatikizidwa, komanso kusintha kwa mabungwe azovomerezeka komwe kuphatikiza kumeneku kukulembetsedwa m'kaundula wa mabungwe azovomerezeka;
• mabungwe azovomerezeka amalandila zikalata zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti zolembedwera mu Unified State Register of Legal Entities;
• Mosalephera amadziwitsa oyang'anira mabungwe omwe akulembetsa zakusinthaku zomwe zachitika, amatumiza ziwonetserozo ndikufunsira kulembetsa kutha kwa ntchito zamakampani ophatikizidwa, kuchotsedwa mu kaundula.

Gawo 7.Kutha kwa njira yolowera

Kuti mulowe nawo oyang'anira misonkho pokonzanso bungwe lalamulo, muyenera kupereka mapepala awa:

• ntchito imamalizidwa malinga ndi mawonekedwe Zamgululi;
• zikalata zomwe onse akutenga nawo mbali - satifiketi yolembetsa misonkho ndi kulembetsa boma, zomwe zachotsedwa mu kaundula wa mabungwe azovomerezeka, hayala ndi ena;
• zisankho pamisonkhano payokha, komanso zisankho pamsonkhano waukulu wamakampani omwe alowa mgwirizanowu;
• mgwirizano wovomerezeka;
• kutsimikizira kuti uthenga walembedwa munkhani zofalitsa nkhani;
• chikalata chosinthira.

Nthawi zambiri kulumikizana kumachitika nthawi mpaka miyezi 3 (itatu)... Mtengo wa njirayi ndi kuchuluka kwa omwe akutenga nawo mbali mpaka Atatu (atatu) ndi 40 zikwi makumi khumi... Ngati alipo ochulukirapo, muyenera kulipira ma ruble 4,000 pakampani iliyonse yowonjezera.

1.2. Makhalidwe apangidwe

Ngakhale kuti kupangidwanso kwamakampani amitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakampani ndi malamulo amasiyana wina ndi mnzake, ndizotheka onetsani mfundo zingapo panjirayi:

1. Kuti ntchitoyo ipangidwe bwino, chisankho cholemba chiyenera kupangidwa mosalephera. Amalandiridwa ndi omwe atenga nawo mbali, omwe adayambitsa bungwe kapena bungwe lovomerezeka ndi zikalata zomwe zakhala zikuchitika. Milandu malinga ndi lamulo, izi zitha kupangidwa ndi mabungwe aboma.
2. Kupangidwanso kwa mabungwe azovomerezeka kumawerengedwa kuti kwathunthu mukatha kulembetsa maboma mabungwe omwe adakhazikitsidwa. Ndondomekoyi ikachitika mwa kuphatikiza, mfundo ina imagwiranso ntchito: kutha kwa ntchitoyi ndi tsiku lomwe kulowa kudalembedwa kuti ntchito zamakampani omwe adalumikizidwa zathetsedwa.

Dongosolo lakukonzanso kwamakampani (makampani, mabungwe)

1.3. Dongosolo lakukonzanso kwamakampani - magawo 9

Kukonzanso nthawi zambiri kumakhala njira yabwino kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina njira yokhayo yomwe mabungwe azovomerezeka angathetsere mavuto awo.

Nthawi yomweyo, Civil Code imapereka kukhalapo kwa mitundu iwiri yotheka yokonzanso:

• mwaufulu;
• mokakamizidwa.

Kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu ndiyemwe amayambitsa kukonzanso.

Lingaliro lakusintha bungwe lalamulo mwaufulu limapangidwa ndi bungwe lovomerezeka la kampaniyo. Kukonzanso mokakamizidwa nthawi zambiri zimachitika mothandizidwa ndi matupi aboma, mwachitsanzo, makhothi kapena Federal Antimonopoly Service.

Mokakamizidwa, ndondomekoyi itha kuchitidwa malinga ndi zomwe lamulo likufuna. Zoterezi ndikusintha kwa kampani yocheperako ngongole kuchuluka kwa omwe akutenga nawo mbali kupitirira 50 (makumi asanu).

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti for kukonzanso mwa kufuna kwawo njira iliyonse yakukhazikitsa kwake ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kusintha kwakukakamizidwa kwa kampani kumatha kuchitika kokha ngati kupatukana kapena kuchoka.

Ngakhale kuthekera komwe kulipo, kukonzanso mokakamiza sikunalandire ntchito zambiri ku Russia. Kutembenuka nthawi zambiri kumadzipereka.

Magawo okonzanso bungwe lalamulo

Ntchito yokonzanso imakonzedwa makamaka ndi momwe imachitikira. Komabe, ndizotheka kuzindikira magawo akulu omwe amafanana ndi mitundu yonse.

Gawo 1 - kupanga chisankho choyambitsanso mapangidwe

Kukonzanso sikutheka popanda kupanga chisankho choyenera. Nthawi yomweyo, pali malamulo angapo malinga ndi momwe kusinthaku kumavomerezedwera.

Kwa makampani olowa nawo masheya (JSCs) chiwerengero cha omwe akutenga nawo mbali pamisonkhano omwe adavotera kukonzanso ayenera khalani osachepera 75%.

Ngati akufuna kusintha kampani yocheperako (LLC), onse omwe akutenga nawo mbali ayenera kuvomereza izi. Mfundo yosiyana imagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati yalembedwa mchikalatacho.

Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala gawo loyamba lomwe pamakhala kusamvana pakati pa omwe akutenga nawo mbali pakampaniyo. Chifukwa chake, kale polembetsa bungwe lovomerezeka mfundo za mgwirizanowu ziyenera kuganiziridwa mosamala... Tinalemba kale zamomwe tingatsegule LLC patokha munkhani yathu.

Gawo lachiwiri - chidziwitso ku misonkho yokhudzana ndi kukonzanso

Kwa bungwe lovomerezeka, kuti adziwitse IFTS za chisankho chomwe apanga, amapatsidwa Masiku atatu... Chikalata chofananira chimadzazidwa mu Fomu ya mawonekedwe apadera. Pakadali pano, ofesi yamsonkho imalowa mu Unified State Register of Legal Entities (kaundula wa mabungwe azamalamulo) zambiri zakumayambilidwe.

Gawo 3 - chidziwitso cha omwe amabweza ngongole zakukonzekereratu

Ndikofunikira kudziwitsa onse omwe adalemba ngongole kubungwe lovomerezeka kuti apanga lingaliro lokonzanso kampaniyo. Pa izi apatsidwa masiku 5kuyambira tsiku lodziwitsa oyang'anira misonkho.

Gawo 4 - kutumiza zambiri zakukonzanso komwe kukubwera mu Bulletin of State Registration

Malinga ndi nkhani 60 ya Civil Code, bungwe lomwe lidakonzedweratu likuyenera kutumiza chidziwitso pazosintha zomwe zikubwera Nthawi ziwiri ndi mpata wa 1 mwezi.

Gawo 5 - kufufuza

Lamulo loyang'anira zowerengera ndalama ku Russia limanena kuti pakakonzedwanso kampani yalamulo, kusungitsa katundu wake kuyenera kuchitidwa mosalephera.

Gawo lachitatu 6 - kuvomereza chikalata chololerera kapena kulekanitsa

Pakadali pano, phukusi lotsatirali lipangidwa:

• chinthu chotsimikizira kuchuluka kwa kampaniyo;
• zambiri pamaakaunti olandilidwa ndi kulipilidwa;
• malipoti azachuma.

Gawo 7 - kukhala ndi msonkhano wophatikizira wa omwe adayambitsa makampani omwe akutenga nawo mbali pakupanganso

Msonkhanowu umachitikira pazifukwa zina:

• kuvomereza chikalata cha kampani yatsopanoyo;
• kuvomereza chikalata chosamutsira kapena kulekanitsa bungwe;
• pangani matupi omwe azisamalira kampani yatsopanoyo.

Gawo 8 - kutumiza zambiri zakukonzanso komwe kukubwera ku Pension Fund ku Russia

Nthawi yomaliza yopereka deta ku Pension Fund ndi 1 (one) mwezi kuyambira tsiku lomwe pepala lolekanitsa kapena kusamutsa lidavomerezedwa.

Gawo 9 - kulembetsa zosintha ndi oyang'anira misonkho

Pofuna kulembetsa zosintha, phukusi linalake limaperekedwa kwa omwe amapereka msonkho:

• kukonzanso ntchito;
• chisankho chokwaniritsa kusintha;
• olemba kampani;
• pakagwirizana - mgwirizano womwewo;
• chikalata chosinthira kapena kulekanitsa;
• chitsimikiziro chomwe chimatsimikizira kuti zidziwitso zakusintha komwe kwatumizidwa zatumizidwa kwa omwe amabweza ngongole;
• chiphaso chotsimikizira kuti kulipidwa kwa ntchitoyi mokomera boma;
• umboni woti uthenga woyenera udasindikizidwa munyuzipepala;
• chitsimikiziro chakuti zidziwitso zakukonzanso zidatumizidwa ku Thumba la Pension.

1.4. Migwirizano yokonzanso

Pambuyo popereka zikalata ku mabungwe aboma, kulembetsa kwawo kumayamba. Njirayi imatha Masiku atatu (atatu) ogwira ntchito.

Mwambiri, kukonzanso kumatha kutenga Miyezi 2-3... Nthawi yomaliza yomaliza ndondomekoyi yakhazikitsidwa pamalingaliro okonzanso.

Pakakhala kusintha kokakamiza, ngati kukonzanso sikukuchitika nthawi yake, mabungwe aboma atha kusankha woyang'anira kuti athe kumaliza ntchitoyi.

Magawo othetsa bizinesi - malangizo ndi sitepe + ndi zikalata zofunika

2. Kuchotsedwa kwa bungwe lovomerezeka - magawo, mawonekedwe + zikalata

Kuchotsedwa kwa mabungwe azovomerezeka ndi njira yomwe ntchito zawo zimathetsedwera, ndipo ufulu ndi maudindo sizisamutsidwa kwa olowa m'malo awo.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya kuthetsedwa: mwaufulu ndipo mokakamizidwa.

Chifukwa Kuthetsa mwakufuna kwawo chisankho cha eni kampani chimafunika.

Zifukwa zomwe zingawapangitse kuti athetse kampaniyo, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosazindikira kupitilizabe kuchita zinthu, kukwaniritsa cholinga chomwe bungwe lidapangidwira, kapena kutha kwa ntchito.

Mwachitsanzo, mwiniwake wothandizidwa mwalamulo adaganiza kuti kuchita bizinesi pakadali pano sikupindulitsa ndipo kutseka bungwe lovomerezeka ndi chimodzi mwazisankho zoyenera.

Chifukwa kukakamizidwa kuthetsedwa chigamulo cha khothi chikufunika.

Oyambitsa milanduyo atha kukhala mabungwe aboma omwe akukhulupirira kuti bungweli laphwanya malamulo aliwonse kapena osasinthika.

Chifukwa chake, zifukwa zakukakamizidwa kuthetsedwa zitha kukhala:

• Kuchita bizinesi popanda kupeza layisensi yovomerezeka;
• kuchita zinthu zoletsedwa;
• kuphwanya malamulo a antimonopoly;
• etc.

2.1. Magawo akuchotsa bungwe lalamulo

Pothetsa mabungwe azovomerezeka, magawo angapo mwamwambo amadziwika:

Gawo 1. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa chisankho chokhudza kuthetsedwa, komanso kulembetsa chisankhochi mu Unified State Register of Legal Instities

Monga tanenera kale, kutengera mtundu wa kuchotsedwa, chisankho pokhazikitsa chingapangidwe mabungwe olamulira mabungwe ovomerezeka kapena ndi khothi.

Chotsatira, muyenera kudziwitsa olembetsa boma kuti aganiza zothetsa kampani. Izi zapatsidwa Masiku atatukuyambira pakupanga chisankho.

Pofuna kupereka lipoti, chidziwitso chofananira chimatumizidwa kumabungwe aboma, komwe amachotsa pamphindi za msonkhano.

Kutengera ndi zomwe adalandira, olamulira olembetsa amalowetsa zomwe adalemba koyambirira kwa kuthetsedwa mu kaundula wa boma wogwirizana wazamalamulo (USRLE).

Poterepa, chidziwitso cholembedwa chimatumizidwa ku kampani yalamulo kuti zosinthazo zikufotokozedwanso.

Gawo 2. Kampaniyo imakhazikitsa komiti yochotsa ntchito kuti ichite izi

Komiti Yotsitsa Ndi bungwe lotsogola kwakanthawi lomwe limapangidwa ndi omwe adayambitsa bungwe lalamulo kuti athetse bungweli.

Bungwe lalamulo limakakamizidwa kuti akhazikitse kampani yochotsa mabizinesi. Pakukonzekera, apatsidwa udindo woyang'anira kampaniyo. Commission imayang'anira mwamtheradi machitidwe onse abungwemomwe chuma chake kapena zachuma zimakhudzidwira.

Komiti yothetsa katundu itha kuphatikizira oimira eni bungwe ndi bungwe lawo lotsogolera.

Kuphatikiza apo, imaphatikizapo akatswiri omwe chidziwitso chawo chitha kufunikira Njira yothetsera - ndi owerengera, woyimira mlandu ndipo Woyang'anira HR... Ngati zinthu zidachitika mwanjira yoti kuthetsedwa kumachitika mokakamiza, oyimira mabungwe omwe adayambitsa kuthetsedwa ayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi komishoni.

Ngati, pazifukwa zina, kampaniyo, yomwe idagamulidwa kuti ithetse mokakamiza, sikuti idadzipangira yokha, khothi lisankha munthu wololeza yemwe achotse ntchitoyi.

Monga gawo lazidziwitso zakumalizidwa kwa bungwe lovomerezeka, zidziwitso zamakampani omwe amatsekedwa amatumizidwa kwa omwe amalembetsa.

Gawo 3. Chidziwitso cha omwe ali ndi ngongole zakuyamba kwa kuchotsedwa kwa kampani

Kampani yochotsa katundu imasonkhanitsa zambiri za omwe amakongoletsa kampaniyo. Aliyense wa iwo ayenera kutumizidwa chidziwitso chomwe bungwe lalamulo lasankha kuti lichotse.

Mosalephera, zomwezo ziyenera kuyikidwa munkhani zofalitsa.

Choyamba, kulengeza kumatumizidwa ku Bulletin of State Registration. Lamuloli lingafune kuti uthengawu ulembedwe muzofalitsa zina.

Gawo lofunikira pakulengeza kotere ndi chidziwitso cha komwe ndi momwe angongole angapangire zonena zawo. Nthawi ina imagawidwa pazinthu izi, zomwe sizingakhale zochepa Masiku 60.

Kuphatikiza pakupanga mndandanda wa omwe amabweza ngongole, komiti yochotsa ndalama pakadali pano ikuyesera kupeza ndalama zomwe milimo yomwe ili pamwambayi itsekedwe. Pachifukwa ichi, amayesedwa kuti atolere ngongole zomwe kampaniyo ili nayo, malowo amagulitsidwa ndikugulitsidwa.

Gawo la 4. Kulembetsa pepala lakanthawi lazamaliziro

Pepala loyambirira lakuchotsa ndalama limafotokoza kuti ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zili zovomerezeka komanso ngongole zomwe zilipo kale. Kuphatikiza apo, zikuwonetsa zomwe adalandira kuchokera kwa omwe adalemba ngongole pakampaniyo amafuna ndipo mayankhoyotengera chifukwa chowaganizira.

Gawo lalikulu la pepala lomwe lalembedwa pakuchotsa zinthu likuyenera kuwonetsa momwe akuyenera kugwiritsidwira ntchito kuzimitsa zomwe zilipo kale... Nthawi yomweyo, kukhazikitsidwa ndi Civil Code ya Russian Federation ndikofunikira dongosolo la zolipira... Ndiye kuti, ngongole yotsatira silingathe kubwezeredwa isanabwezeredwenso yapita.

Malinga ndi dongosolo la ndalama:

• choyambirira, maudindo kwa nzika, omwe bungwe lovomerezeka limakakamizidwa kulipirira zomwe zawonongedwa, zazimitsidwa;
• gawo lachiwiri likuphatikiza kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa ogwira ntchito pakampaniyo, kulipira zolipira kwa iwo, komanso kuwerengera komaliza kwa ufulu wa olemba;
• gawo lachitatu limakhudza kubweza ngongole zomwe zaperekedwa ku bajeti ndi ndalama zomwe sizinachitike. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito zamisonkho zimakhala ndi ufulu woyambitsa zowerengera ndalama ndi bungwe lovomerezeka, mosasamala kanthu kuti kafukufuku wakale adachitika liti;
• monga gawo lomaliza, makhazikitsidwe amapangidwa ndi anzawo onse, kuphatikiza omwe amakhala ndi mabungwe azovomerezeka.

Mosasamala dongosolo, alipo angongoleomwe adakwanitsa kuteteza chuma chawo pakampani ndi chikole. Kubweza ngongole ngati izi kumachitika pogulitsa chikole. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri kukambirana kwa ntchito zotere kumachitika koyambirira kuposa ena.

Thupi lomwe limachita kukhazikitsidwa koyambirira koyambira pakutha msonkhano olowa a eni.

Chikalatacho chikangowunikidwa, ziyenera kukadziwitsidwa kwa omwe amalembetsa. Pambuyo pake, kutengera zomwe zalandilidwa, zomwe zili mu kaundula wazidziwitso zamabungwe azovomerezeka zimakonzedwa.

Ngati, pokonza chikalatacho, zikuwonekeratu kuti ndalama zalamulo sizikhala zokwanira kubweza ngongolezo, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa Khothi Lalikulu Laku Arbitration of the Russian Federation.

Chotsatira, kuthetsedwa kuyenera kuchitika malinga ndi lamulo la kubweza ngongole kapena bankirapuse. Tinalemba kale mwatsatanetsatane za bankirapuse m'mabuku am'mbuyomu.

Ndipo za njira yosavuta ya bankirapuse, magawo ndi magawo omwe muyenera kudutsa, tidalemba m'nkhani ina.

Gawo 5. Kupanga malo okhala ndi omwe amabweza ngongole, komanso kugawa malo ena onse

Ofesi yolembetsa ikangovomereza zambiri zokhudza chikalata choyambitsira ndalama, komiti iyenera kuyamba kulipira zomwe kampaniyo imakakamiza.

Poterepa, kuwerengera kumachitika potengera ma algorithms omwe amawonetsedwa mu pepala losanjikiza.

Zoyenera kubweza ngongole zikangoperekedwa, malo otsalawo amatha kugawidwa pakati pa omwe ali ndi bungweli. Poterepa, muyenera kuyamba kulipira ngongole pazopindulitsa zomwe zinalengezedwa, koma osalipidwa.

Chifukwa chazomwe zatengedwa, malo aliwonse abungwe lalamulo atsalira, amagawidwa pakati pa omwe adayambitsa. Izi zimachitika molingana ndi magawo omwe amasungidwa ku capital capital yovomerezeka ya kampaniyo.

Mapeto a gawo lachisanu ndikulembetsa ndi kuvomereza chikalata chomaliza chomaliza.

Gawo 6. Kukonzekera phukusi la zikalata zofunika kumaliza kumaliza

Kuti amalize ndondomekoyi, bungwe lochotsa mabungwe liyenera kukonzekera zikalata.

Zimaphatikizapo:

• Pempho lolembetsa kuthetsedwa kwa bungwe;
• pepala lomaliza lomaliza;
• zikalata zotsimikizira kuti kulipidwa kwa ntchitoyi mokomera boma;
• chitsimikiziro chakusamutsa zambiri za ogwira ntchito ndi bungwe lovomerezeka ku Pension Fund.

Kuphatikiza apo, IFTS ili ndi ufulu wofunsa zambiri pazomwe zachitika ngati gawo la ntchito yothetsera. Uwu ukhoza kukhala satifiketi yonena kuti kampaniyo ilibe ngongole kubanki, zambiri zakugwira ntchito ndi omwe amabweza ngongole ndi zolemba zina.

Woyang'anira misonkho akadzalandira zonse zofunikira, adzalowetsa m'kaundula wa mabungwe azovomerezeka.

Mphindi iyi itha kutengedwa ngati tsiku lomwe bungwe limathetsa.

Chitsanzo cha phukusi lochotsa bungwe la LLC lokhala ndi oyambitsa m'modzi komanso angapo

2.2. Phukusi la zikalata zoletsa bungwe lalamulo ngati bungwe la LLC

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa kuti bungwe lalamulo lithe ngati LLC, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge nkhani yathu - "Momwe mungatsekere LLC - malangizo ndi sitepe", pomwe pali malingaliro ndi mawonekedwe onse a njirazi.

Kuti mumveke bwino, timapereka mndandanda wazolemba ndi zitsanzo zotsitsiridwa ndi kuthetsedwa kwa LLC:

1. Chisankho kapena ndondomeko yakuchotsa kampani. Amadzazidwa ndikusainidwa ndi omwe adayambitsa koyambirira kwa ntchito yonse yotseka bungweli. (Tsitsani chisankho pakusankha kwa LLC);
2. Tsamba lazoyimitsa pakanthawi kochepa malinga ndi lamulo (Tsitsani fomu 15001);
3. Lingaliro lovomereza pepalali poyimitsa (LB) - (Tsitsani chitsanzo chosankha kuvomereza LB);
4. Chidziwitso chakuvomerezedwa ndi PLB (Tsitsani Fomu 15003);
5. Chidziwitso chokhazikitsidwa ndi omwe adzabwezeretse ndalama kapena kampani yochotsa, kutengera kuchuluka kwa omwe adayambitsa (Tsitsani fomu 15002);
6. Chidziwitso cha lingaliro lothetsa kampani yocheperako (Fomu yotsitsa С-09-4);
7. Chikalata chotsimikizira kudziwitsa omwe adalemba ngongole zakutseka kwa kampaniyo (Tsitsani chitsanzo chodziwitsa za omwe akukongoza);
8. Mwachindunji LB (chotsitsa chotsitsa) (Tsitsani chithunzi chotsitsa);
9. Lingaliro pakuvomerezeka kwake (Tsitsani lingaliro lazitsanzo pakuvomereza kwa LU);
10. Kufunsira kulembetsa kampani kuti idathetsedwa malinga ndi fomu yokhazikitsidwa ndi lamulo (Tsitsani fomu 16001).

(zovuta, 272 kb). Mutha kutsitsa phukusi la zikalata zothetsa LLC mu chikalata chimodzi Pano... Mndandanda uwu ndiwokwanira.

2.3. Makhalidwe a kuthetsedwa kwamakampani olowa nawo

Chosiyanitsa ndi kuthetsedwa kwamakampani omwe amapangidwa m'makampani omwe amagulitsa masheya ndichodziwika bwino pogawa malo omwe atsala pambuyo pobweza ngongole.

Mu Federal Law, kukhazikitsa kwa ndalama zotere kumayendetsedwa mosamalitsa ndipo kumakhala ndimagawo angapo:

1. Malinga ndi Nkhani 75 la malamulo pamakampani olowa nawo masheya, magawo ofanana awomboledwa.
2. Kukhazikika kwa magawo omwe adalengezedwabe koma osalipidwa chifukwa cha omwe ali ndi magawo omwe amakonda. Kulipira kwa kuchotsedwa kwa masheya ngati amenewo, pokhapokha ngati atanenedwa mu Zolemba za Association.
3. Kugawidwa kwa malo otsala pakati pa omwe ali ndi magawo wamba ndi omwe amakonda.

Nthawi yomweyo, kusintha kwa gawo lotsatira kumachitika pokhapokha kubweza komaliza kwa ngongole ya gawo lapitalo.

Ngati ndalamazo sizingakwanitse kubweza ngongolezo, ziyenera kugawidwa pakati pa eni kampaniyo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe aliyense ali nawo.

Zambiri zamomwe gawoli lidagawidwira zikuyenera kuwonetsedwa patsamba loyimitsa. Chikalatachi chikuvomerezedwa ndi msonkhano wophatikizika wa omwe akugawana nawo.

2.4. Kuchotsedwa ntchito mogwirizana ndi kuthetsedwa kwa bungweli

Musanathetse kampani yalamulo, muyenera kuthana ndi kuchotsedwa kwa ogwira ntchito pakampani.

Kuthamangitsidwa mukamatseka kampani

Gawo lofunikira pothetsa bungwe ndikuchotsa antchito awo. Amafuna chisamaliro ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malamulo oyenera.

Kuthetsa ubale ndi ogwira ntchito chifukwa chothana ndi bungweli kuli kokhudza kwambiri Kuchotsedwa ntchito chifukwa chosiya ntchito... Nthawi yomweyo, mawonekedwe apadera a kuthetsedwa ndikuti panthawiyi antchito onse amachotsedwa ntchito.

Chifukwa chake, palibe magulu aliwonse a nzika sadzakhala ndi chitetezo pantchito.Likukhalira kuti ogwira ntchito patchuthi cha umayi, tchuthi china, ogwira ntchito olumala kwakanthawi adzakhala kuchotsedwa ntchito nthawi imodzi ndi aliyense, ndipo njirayi ndiyovomerezeka.

Kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito kukhale kovomerezeka, dipatimenti ya HR ya bungweli iyenera kuchita izi:

1. dziwitsani malo ogwira ntchito kuti akufuna kupulumutsa ogwira ntchito;
2. ngati kuli kofunikira, dziwitsani mabungwe azamabungwe;
3. payekha kwa aliyense wogwira ntchito kuti apereke chidziwitso chakuchotsedwa kwake ndikuwonetsa tsiku;
4. pangani kuwerengera kwa zolipirira ndi kulipiritsa kwa ogwira ntchito pasanafike tsiku la kuchotsedwa ntchito;
5. kupereka malamulo oti aliyense wa ogwira ntchito achotsedwe;
6. lembani moyenera mabuku ogwira ntchito.

Tiyeni tikhale pazinthu zina mwatsatanetsatane.

1. Timadziwitsa anthu ogwira ntchito ndi mabungwe ogwira ntchito

Udindo wofotokozera bwino za kumasulidwa kwa ogwira ntchito pokhudzana ndi kuthetsedwa kwa bungolo wapatsidwa kampaniyo malinga ndi malamulo. Chifukwa chake, zimawonekera mu lamulo lantchito.

Malinga ndi lamulo, bungwe lalamulo liyenera kusamutsa zambiri zakachotsedwa ntchito kwa ogwira ntchito kudera lantchito. Chidziwitsocho chimapangidwa pasanapite nthawi Miyezi iwiri asanachotsedwe ntchito.

Nthawi yomweyo, iyenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chantchito yomwe wogwira ntchito ali nayo, ziyeneretso zake ndi malipiro ake apakati. Fomuyi yolembera zidziwitso zofananira sizinafotokozedwe mwalamulo, chifukwa imatha kukhala yaulere.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ntchito yantchito imatha kukhazikitsa njira zochepetsera anthu ambiri. Ngati alipo, muyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yopereka zidziwitso pasanafike 3 miyezi musanachepetse.

Oyang'anira mabungwe azamalamulo pakutha kwa zinthu ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti kudziwitsidwa mochedwa za ntchito kumafuna kuti azilipiritsa chindapusa. Izi zikachitika, akuluakulu uyenera kulipira chindapusa cha 300-500, bungwe lalamulo palokha pa nkhaniyi lidzataya ndalamazo 3000-5000 rubles... (Zambiri pamanambala zimatsimikiziridwa)

Pomwe kuchotsedwa kwa ogwira ntchito kuli kwakukulu, padzakhala kofunikira kudziwitsanso mabungwe amgwirizano. Nthawi ya izi ndiyofanana ndikudziwitsa malo ophunzitsira. Palibe mawonekedwe oti anene zakudziwitsidwa kwa omwe akuchita nawo mabungwe ogwirira ntchito.

Chofunikira chachikulu ndikuti izi zichitike polemba. Ngati kumasulidwa kwa ogwira ntchito sikungachitike chifukwa chakumasulidwa kwa anthu ambiri, mabungwe amgwirizano sangafunikire kudziwitsanso za izi.

2. Kuchenjeza antchito

Pakukonza bungwe, madipatimenti a HR akukumana ndi ntchito yofunikira - kufotokozera mwachangu zambiri za kuchotsedwa ntchito kwa ogwira ntchito. Poterepa, wogwira ntchito aliyense ayenera kudziwitsidwa. Kuzindikira bwino izi kumatsimikizidwa ndi siginecha.

Ogwira ntchito amadziwitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chikalata chomwe chidakonzedweratu. Amapangidwa mwanjira iliyonse m'makope awiri (awiri). Imodzi imatsalira m'manja mwa wantchito, yachiwiri, ndi siginecha yake, imabwerera ku dipatimenti yantchito.

Ndikofunikira kupeza kuchokera kwa wogwira ntchito aliyense siginecha yolembedwa pamanja ndi tsikulo. Ngati wogwira ntchitoyo amakana kusaina chidziwitso, woimira olemba anzawo ntchito amalemba zomwe amubweretsere.

Poterepa pakufunika kuti pakhale mboni ziwiri. Kuchita bwino kwa mchitidwewu ndikofanana ndikudziwitsa wogwira ntchito za kuchotsedwa ntchito.

Ndikofunikira kudziwitsa ogwira ntchito m'masiku ovomerezeka.

Pachifukwa ichi, malamulo awa apangidwa:

• ogwira ntchito yokhazikika, komanso omwe amagwira ganyu m'bungwe, akuyenera kudziwitsidwa pasanafike Miyezi iwiri tsiku loti achotsedwe ntchito lisanachitike;
• Ogwira ntchito omwe agwira ntchito pamakhazikitsidwe akanthawi kwakanthawi kosakwana miyezi iwiri ayenera kudziwitsidwa Masiku atatu a kalendala;
• maubale ndi ogwira ntchito nyengo akhoza kuthetsedwa kudzera Masiku 7 pa chidziwitso choyenera.

Ngati kampaniyo yathandizira antchito, akuyenera kunyamuka ndipo dziwitsani za kuchotsedwa ntchito tsiku lomwe adzabwerere kuntchito.

Ogwira ntchito omwe sapezeka kuntchito chifukwa cha tchuthi kapena tchuthi chodwala atha kudziwitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kalata kapena mthenga.

Poterepa, monga chitsimikiziro chodziwitsidwa kwa wogwira ntchitoyo kuti adziwe zambiri, siginecha yake pachidziwitso cha kalata yolembetsedwa kapena pa risiti yomwe wapatsidwa ndi wamtengayo imatha kuchitapo kanthu.

Chitsimikizo cholemba chikalandiridwa kuchokera kwa wogwira ntchito, amatha kumasulidwa kuntchito ina. Poterepa, ubale wantchito umathetsedwa nthawi isanakwane ndipo kulipidwa zonse kumulipira.

3. Timawerengera zolipira

Ogwira ntchito akawachotsa ntchito chifukwa chotseketsa bungwe, ndalama zonse zomwe amayenera kuchita ziyenera kulipidwa tsiku lomaliza.

Poterepa, wantchito ali ndi ufulu:

• Malipiro a maola omwe agwiradi ntchito;
• chindapusa chandalama masiku osagwiritsidwa ntchito patchuthi (kuphatikiza zowonjezera);
• ndalama zolipirira kuchuluka kwa malipiro apamwezi pamwezi (kwa ogwira ntchito munyengo - mu theka la mwezi);
• kulipidwa ndi lamulo ngati ntchito itatha msanga.

Ngati wogwira ntchitoyo alephera kupeza ntchito yatsopano Miyezi iwiriKutsatira tsiku lochepetsedwa, akuyenera kuti alandire kuchokera kwa owalemba ntchito ndalama zapakatikati pamwezi wachiwiri wakusaka ntchito.

Poterepa, muyenera kupereka buku lantchito. Kuphatikiza apo, bungweli limayenera kulipira ogwira ntchito ndalama zapakatikati pamwezi wachitatu ngati, pasanathe masiku 14 kuchokera tsiku lomwe achotsedwa ntchito, akalembetsa kuntchito, komwe adzapatsidwe satifiketi yoti akuwonekabe kuti alibe ntchito.

4. Timakonzekera zikalata

Monga kuchotsedwa kwachikhalidwe, zikathetsa ubale ndi wogwira ntchito chifukwa chothana ndi bungweli, zidzakhala zofunikira perekani dongosolo lolingana ndipo lembani buku la ntchito, yomwe imaperekedwa kwa wogwira ntchitoyo. Njirazi zikuyimira gawo lomaliza la ubale pakati pa wolemba anzawo ntchito.

Tsiku lokhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo la kuchotsedwa ntchito ndi tsiku lomaliza logwira ntchito. Chikalatachi chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa wogwira ntchitoyo kuti awunike, zomwe zimatsimikizidwa ndi siginecha yake pamalamulowo.

Lamuloli liyenera kuperekedwa malinga ndi muyezo mawonekedwe T-8, yomwe imavomerezedwa ndi Statistics Committee. Dipatimenti yantchito ikangolandira kalata yotsimikiziridwa ndi wogwira ntchitoyo, amaliza bukuli.

Pomwe achotsedwa ntchito chifukwa chobweza bungwe lalamulo, mfundo imeneyi imayika mu buku la ntchito mu mbiri ya izi. Article 81 ya Labor Code of the Russian Federation, gawo 1, gawo 1. Poterepa, ndi iye amene akhale maziko oti kutha kwa ubale pakati pa wogwira ntchitoyo ndi bungweli kumachitika.

Patsiku lochotsedwa ntchito, buku la ntchito ziyenera kutumizidwa kwa wogwira ntchito... Izi zitha kuchitidwa pamasom'pamaso pa siginecha, kapena kuzitumiza ndi makalata olembetsedwa.

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti magawo onse a kuchotsedwa ntchito kwa ogwira ntchito, amafunika kupeza siginecha yake:

• kutsimikizira kuzolowera chidziwitso cha kuchotsedwa ntchito komwe kukubwera;
• pa dongosolo;
• pa risiti yotsimikizira kulandila kwa buku la ntchito.

Ngati pazifukwa zina siginecha ya wogwira ntchitoyo pamapepala omwe atchulidwa sapezeka, izi zimalembedwa mokakamizidwa pamaso pa mboni.

Kukana kuyika siginecha pazolemba zofunikira za ogwira ntchito pakawachotsedwa ntchito sizachilendo.

Kuphatikiza apo, pochita ziwonetsero, ogwira ntchito amagwirizana, amaopseza olemba anzawo ntchito kukhothi ndikuwayendera, ndipo zivomerezana kusaina zikalata zoti achotsedwa ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, zoyipa kwa kasamalidwe ndi ntchito za ogwira ntchito zimachokera kumagulu a nzika omwe, nthawi zina, amatetezedwa kuti asachotsedwe ntchito.

Kampani ikathetsedwa, mfundo yoti sangathetse magulu antchito Sizigwira ntchito.

Ogwira ntchito a HR ayenera kufikira njira yothanirana ndiudindo waukulu kuti apewe mavuto.

Ndikofunikira kutsatira magawo onse a ndondomekoyi, komanso nthawi yofikira. Izi ziteteza oyang'anira ntchito ngati wogwirizira kubungwe apita kukhothi.

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti kuthetsedwa sikophweka kwa ogwira ntchito ku HR. Amakakamizidwa osati kungolankhula ndi anzawo, komanso kuwatsimikizira kuchotsedwa kumachitika malinga ndi lamulo, kunyengerera kuti alembe zikalata zofunika kuzilemba.

Kuchokera pamakhalidwe abwino, pali zovuta zambiri kwa iwo, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kukhalabe odekha pamene antchito ambiri (kuphatikizapo inu eni) akuyenera kuchotsedwa ntchito.

Nthawi zambiri pochita bizinesi, mavuto amabuka omwe angathe kuthetsedwa kutha kokha kapena kusintha bungwe lalamulo... Chisankho pamachitidwe amenewa sichingapangidwe kokha mwaufulu, komanso mokakamiza oweluza milandu.

Kukonzanso kumatha kukhala m'njira zingapo. Podzipereka, ndizotheka kusankha imodzi mwasanu, ngati woyambitsa ndi mabungwe aboma - awiri.

Kusankha koyenera kwamtundu wokonzanso pakadali pano kukupatsani mwayi wochita bizinesi mtsogolo bwino kwambiri.

Kukonzanso, ndi kuthetseratu- njirazi ndizotalika kwambiri komanso zovuta. Amayendetsedwa mosamalitsa ndi malamulo, omwe amayenera kuwunikidwa mosamalitsa panthawiyi.

Tikukupatsaninso kuti muwonere makanema pamutu wokonzanso ndi kuchotsa:

1. Kanema: Kukonzanso Pamasankhidwe

Kanemayo akunena za njira ziwiri zakukonzanso bungwe lovomerezeka podzipatula.

2. Kanema: Kuchotsedwa kwa bungwe lovomerezeka (kukambirana ndi loya)

Woyimira milandu pakampani yabizinesi akuwulula mwatsatanetsatane mutu wokhudza kuthetsedwa kwa mabungwe azovomerezeka.

Okondedwa Owerenga! Zofunika musaphonye chilichonse, Konzekerani zikalata zonse moyenera. Gawo lirilonse liyenera kumalizidwa ndi udindo waukulu komanso munthawi yoyenera.

Gawo lovuta kwambiri lothetsa kampani iliyonse ndikuchotsa ogwira ntchito. Udindo waukulu, komanso katundu pantchitoyi, zimagwera pantchito zantchito. Ngati njirazi zikuwoneka zovuta kwa inu, ndiye kuti mwina muyenera kuchita bizinesi monga wochita bizinesi. Popeza ndizosavuta kutsegula, ngati kuli kofunikira, ndi kutseka wochita bizinesi aliyense poyerekeza ndi mabungwe azovomerezeka.

Ndiwo omwe ayenera kufotokozera ogwira ntchitowo zomwe zovomerezeka ndi kampaniyo, kukonzekera zikalata zambiri, kusayina siginecha zonse zofunika. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yomwe angadzitetezere ku zotulukapo pakachitika chisankho chimodzi kapena ogwira ntchito angapo amapita kukhothi.

Onse ogwira nawo ntchito pokonzanso kapena kuthetseratu ntchito ayenera kudziwa kuti kusatsatira malamulowo, komanso zolakwika panthawi iliyonse ya njirayi, zitha kuyambitsa mavuto ndi lamulo... (Chifukwa chake, mabungwe ena amagwiritsa ntchito makampani akunyanja pochita bizinesi yawo).

Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zina, kusasamala komanso kunyalanyaza kwa ogwira ntchito kumatha kubweretsa chindapusa kwa akulu-akulu komanso bungwe lonse.

Gulu la magazini "RichPro.ru" likukufunirani zabwino munkhani zamalamulo ndi zachuma. Tikukhulupirira kuti zinthu zathuzi zikuthandizani kuti muchotse ntchito kapena kukonzanso bungwe lalamulo popanda vuto lililonse. Tikuyembekezera kuwerengera kwanu, ndemanga ndi ndemanga zanu pamutu wofalitsa.

Onerani kanemayo: Recording in Studio Monitor (July 2024).