Mitundu ya kubereka kwa gardenia kunyumba

Gardenia ndi chomera chochokera maluwa ku banja la madder. Maluwa ake amakhala obiriwira-achikasu, ngati maluwa. Akachotsedwa, amasanduka oyera. Ndiwotchuka chifukwa cha fungo lake lokoma, losalala, ndichifukwa chake maluwa a gardenia amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zonunkhira. Chomeracho chili ndi masamba owala, achikopa omwe amapatsa chomeracho chidwi chake.

Gardenia adalandira dzina kuchokera kwa wamaluwa waku America komanso wazachilengedwe wazaka za zana la 18 - Alexander Garden. Mtundu wa gardenia uli ndi mitundu 134. Monga chodzala m'nyumba, jasmine gardenia amadziwika, yemwe amalimidwa pafupifupi zaka mazana awiri. Mwa kukongola kwake konse, chomeracho chimakhala chopanda tanthauzo, ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri kufalitsa kunyumba.

Njira zoberekera

Mutha kufalitsa munda wamaluwa:

• zodula;
• kugawa chitsamba;
• mbewu.

Kunyumba, gardenia nthawi zambiri imafalikira ndi cuttings.... Cuttings amatengedwa masika kapena nthawi yophukira, theka-lignified. Popeza gardenia ili ndi mitengo yotsika pang'ono, ndibwino kukonzekera zodula 3-5 nthawi imodzi.

Zodula

1. Konzani ndi kuthira mankhwala mu chidebe chodzala ndi chida chodulira. Iyi ikhoza kukhala mpeni, scalpel, kapena lumo. Osagwiritsa ntchito lumo ngati choduliracho sichingafanane, ndipo izi zidzakhudza njira yowonjezera mizu.
2. Dulani mosamala masentimita 10 a apical ndikuchotsa masambawo, ndikutsalira awiriawiri kapena atatu okha pamwamba. Fupikitsani masamba otsalawo ndi gawo lachitatu kuti asaumitse tsinde la kudula.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito cuttings ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera monga muzu kapena heteroauxin.
4. Ikani zodulirazo m'chidebe ndi dothi lokonzekera kuti masamba am'munsi asakhudze gawo lapansi. Gwiritsani ntchito chidebe chowoneka bwino chotseka zolimba, kapena ikani mphikawo m'thumba lowonekera kuti musunge chinyezi. Gwiritsani ntchito mchenga wokulirapo kapena chisakanizo cha mchenga wolimba, perlite, peat ndi vermiculite mu 1: 1: 1: 1 ratio ya nthaka. Werengani za kusankha kwa nthaka ndi mphika pano.
5. Tsanulirani mosamala zidutswazo ndi madzi ofunda, okhazikika. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse, koma osati yonyowa.
6. Tsekani chidebecho ndikuyika pamalo otentha. Kuyika kwa gardenia kumachitika pakatentha kosachepera 25-27 madigiri. Ngati n'kotheka, konzani kutentha kwapansi kwa cuttings.
7. Ngati matenthedwe apangidwa, pezani mpweya wodulira mpaka chinyezi chisanduke m'makoma a chidebecho.
8. Onetsetsani chikhomo cha tsiku lobzala ngati mukufuna kusunga nthawi yolimba. Kuyika mizu ya gardenia ndi njira yayitali ndipo imatenga miyezi 1-1.5. Mpaka nthawiyo, yesetsani kusokoneza cuttings.
9. Ngati imodzi mwazidulazo yauma kapena kusandulika yakuda, nthawi yomweyo chotsani pachidebe chonsecho kuti matenda asafalikire kuzidutswa zina, kapena gwiritsani ntchito zidebe zilizonse pamphukira iliyonse.
10. Pang'ono pang'ono chotsani zodulidwazo, osamala kuti zisawononge mizu, ndikuziika chisakanizo cha peat, dothi la coniferous ndi mchenga. Komanso kubzala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo chopangidwa kwa azaleas.

Onerani kanema wonena za cuttings wa gardenia:

Kugawa tchire

Zitsanzo zazitali zazitali za gardenia zitha kugawidwa ngati mphukira zingapo zikukula kuchokera mumiphika... Njira yoberekayi imapereka chitsimikizo chambiri komanso mwachangu munthawi yake.

1. Kuti mugawane, chotsani chomeracho mumphika ndikudula mosamala pamwamba pa nthaka molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa magawidwe amtsogolo.
2. Pambuyo pake, gwiritsani ntchito manja anu kusiyanitsa gawo lililonse ndi chikomokere chonse, kuyesera kusunga mizu momwe ungathere.
3. Bzalani mbewu zazing'ono mumiphika zokulirapo pang'ono kuposa mizu yake ndikuyika wowonjezera kutentha kwa milungu iwiri kuti musinthe.

CHOFUNIKA! Osatsuka mizu ya gardenia. Chomeracho ndi cholakwika kwambiri ndi njirayi ndipo chitha kufa.

Mbewu

Sankhani mbewu zatsopano kwambiri zoti mubzale... Mutha kugula pa shopu yapadera yamaluwa.

1. Konzani mbale ndi gawo lapansi ndipo mukamabzala, ikani nyembazo zosapitirira 0,5 cm. Gwiritsani ntchito nthaka kukonzekera azaleas kapena mchenga wolimba.
2. Mukabzala, moisten wosanjikiza pamwamba ndi botolo la utsi, tsekani nyembazo ndi thumba, chivindikiro kapena galasi.
3. Tsitsani mpweya ndikuchotsa condens nthawi zonse.
4. Mphukira zoyamba zidzawoneka masabata 3-4 mutabzala.
5. Mbandezo zikakhala ndi masamba owala 3-4, zibzalani mumiphika yaying'ono m'nthaka ya azaleas ndikupitilizabe kutentha.
6. Mukamabzala, mutha kutsina nsonga kuti tchire likule bwino.
7. Pogona pamatha kuchotsedwa gardenias atafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10-15.

Mutagula mbewu, yambani kufesa msanga. Mbeu za Gardenia sizisungidwa bwino ndipo zimasiya kumera msanga. Pafupifupi, 30-50% ya mbewu imatuluka.

Onerani kanema wonena za kufalitsa mbewu za gardenia:

Chithandizo chotsatira

M'miyezi yoyamba, mbewu zazing'ono zimafunikira chidwi ndi chisamaliro.... The gardenia iyenera kuchotsedwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera ku wowonjezera kutentha, ndikuwonjezera nthawi yolandirira maola 1-2 tsiku lililonse. Thirirani mbewu ndi madzi ofunda, ofewa. Pachizindikiro choyamba cha chlorosis, sungani mbewu ndi chitsulo chelate ndikugwiritsa ntchito acidifiers panthaka:

• zotayidwa alum;
• akakhala sulphate;
• sulfure colloidal;
• asidi a mandimu.

Gardenia imafunikira chinyezi chokwanira, chifukwa chake kumbukirani kuyipopera kamodzi patsiku. Nthawi yomweyo, sungani chomeracho ndikutentha komanso osakhala ndi ma drafti. Popita nthawi, mbewu zimakula ndikuchepera kufuna njirayi. Pakati pa nthawi yophuka, chomeracho chimafunikira chinyezi chambiri. Ngati gardenia yanu yasankha kuphuka, ikani mphikawo pateyi ndi moss wonyowa kapena dothi lokulitsa. Muphunzira zoyenera kuchita ngati kukongola kwanu sikufuna kuphulika munkhaniyi.

CHENJEZO! Musatembenuzire maluwawo molingana ndi gwero lowala, apo ayi gardenia imatha kutulutsa masamba ndi maluwa.

Zomera zimabzalidwa momwe zingafunikire, posankha mphika wokulirapo 2-3 cm kuposa wakale... Zaka zoyambirira za moyo, njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa chaka chilichonse, mbewu zazikulu zimabwezeretsedwanso zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zilizonse.

Gardenia ndiyofunikira, koma mbewu zazing'ono siziyenera kuwonekera padzuwa nthawi yomweyo. Choyamba, muyenera kukhala ndi mthunzi wamaluwa kuchokera ku kuwala kwa dzuwa ndipo pakapita nthawi muziwonjezera kukula kwake mpaka kowala pang'ono. Kutentha kokwanira kosunga gardenias ndi madigiri 20-25. M'nyengo yozizira, sayenera kugwera pansi pa 16 ° C. Pakukula ndi chitukuko, idyani mbewu ndi feteleza zovuta za azaleas ndi rhododendrons, kutsatira malangizo omwe ali phukusili.

Mapeto

Gardenia ndi maluwa ovuta kusamalira, kuti muzitha kubereka bwino ndikulima zomwe muyenera kudziwa zochenjera komanso zomwe zili muzomera izi. Koma ngati simukuchita mantha ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi ndi khama lokwanira, ndiye kuti gardenia adzakuthokozani ndi chitsamba chobiriwira bwino komanso maluwa onunkhira.

Onerani kanemayo: MOYO WANGA-MPONELA PARISH CHOIR 1 (Mulole 2024).