Makhalidwe a radish tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndi njira ziti zomwe zingathandize kuwachotsa?

Ambiri wamaluwa amalima radishes kumbuyo kwawo. Chikhalidwe chakukhwima koyambirira kumeneku sichingatengeke ndi matenda, komabe sichikhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira ndipo chimafunikira chisamaliro chapamwamba.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa zizindikilo zazikulu zowononga tizilombo pachomera ndikutha kuzindikira vutoli koyambirira, pomwe mbewu zimatha kupulumutsidwa popanda kuyesetsa.

Kuopsa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa radishes

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kuwononga mbewu m'masiku 3-5 okha. Ndizowopsa kwambiri kwa ana, kungopanga mbewu - mwachitsanzo, kuwonongeka kwa masamba ndi zimayambira za radish zimayimitsa kukula kwa muzu ndipo, chifukwa chake, chomeracho chimamwalira msanga.

Momwe mungadziwire zomwe zakhudza chomeracho: matenda kapena majeremusi?

Ngati matenda agunda radish - ndizotheka kudziwa izi ndi zizindikilo zake - kulephera kulikonse kumakhudza momwe thupi limakhalira.

Zizindikiro za matenda a bowa ndi mavairasi ndi awa:

• Chovala choyera cha mafuta chomwe chimapezeka panthaka yazomera.
• Kukula pamizu, ndikupeza utoto wakuda.
• Mdima wakuda, wachikaso kapena dzimbiri pamasamba azomera.
• Mawanga a bulauni ndi nkhungu pamizu.
• Kutsekemera kwa masamba ndi imfa yake yotsatira.

Ngati kubzala kumenyedwa ndi tizirombo, zotupazo zimangokhala zoyambira zokha. Zilonda zam'mimba, mabowo m'masamba, mabowo m'mizu, ndi zina ndi zizindikiro zowonekera za tizilombo.

Zithunzi za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi njira zothanirana nazo

Chotsatira, mutha kuwona momwe tizirombo ta radish zowopsa kwambiri zimawonekera pachithunzichi ndikupeza momwe mungazichotsere.

Nthata za Cruciferous

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili ndi thupi lozungulira, kukula kwake sikupitilira mamilimita 4.

Kuopsa kwa radishes nthawi zambiri kumaimiridwa ndi utitiri wakuda, womwe umatha kuyenda pansi ndikulumpha pafupipafupi. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi timakumbu. Kamodzi pamalowo, imapatsira masamba a masamba, kuluma m'masamba ake ndikuiwononga mwachangu. Ndi kuvulala koopsa, radish imazizira pakukula ndikufa.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwira ntchito kwambiri masiku otentha, pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kumapitirira madigiri 25.

Ganizirani momwe mungakonzere mbewu za radishes ndi nthaka kuti muchotse utitiri komanso ngati mankhwala azitsamba angakuthandizeni (ndi dothi lotani ngati radish?).

Mutha kuteteza dimba ndi phulusa losakanizika ndi fodya. Zolembazo ziyenera kumwazikana pabedi lam'munda, kukonzanso kumalimbikitsidwa pakatha masiku 6-8.

Ngati pali nthata zambiri, mutha kuthana nazo ndikukonzekera mwapadera monga:

1. Alphacin.
2. Kaiser ndi ena.

Kukonzekera yankho, ndikofunikira kusakaniza mankhwala molingana ndi malangizo ndi madzi oyera ofunda ndikuwongolera ikamatera.

Kukonzekera kuyenera kuchitika nyengo youma m'mawa kapena madzulo.

Mankhwala ambiri amagwira ntchito mkati mwa milungu 2-3. ndipo tizilombo totsalira pabedi la m'munda timamwalira patatha masiku 4-6 patatha chithandizo cha mbewu.

Belyanka

Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi gulugufe woyera yemwe amayika mphutsi zake kumtunda. Kuopsa kwa radishes ndi mbozi yomwe yaswedwa kuchokera kwa iwo, yomwe imasunthira masamba a zomera ndikudya.

Kusakaniza kwa supuni 2 za mpiru, supuni ya tiyi ya tsabola wakuda wakuda, supuni 2 zamchere, zosungunuka mu malita 10 amadzi zidzakuthandizani kuchotsa tizirombo. Bedi la m'munda liyenera kukonzedwa kamodzi pa sabata ndi botolo la kutsitsi.

Ogulitsa mafakitale amathandizanso kuti athane ndi mvula yoyera:

• Kuthetheka.
• Kemiphos.
• Fitoverm ndi ena.

Kabichi njenjete

Kabichi njenjete ndi gulugufe wamasentimita awiri wokhala ndi mapiko ofiira-bulauni. Mphutsi za tizilombo timakhala pansi pamunsi mwa masamba a radish, ndikuzidya.

Maonekedwe a tizilombo amatha kupewedwa ndikuthira munthawi yake nthaka ndi superphosphates yokhala ndi calcium chloride.

Ngati mbewu zisawonongeke kwambiri, mutha kuchiza bedi lam'munda ndi mankhwala awa:

• Lepidocide.
• Bitoxibacillin.

Amaloledwa kuchita mosamalitsa mpaka chipatso chikapsa.

Kukonzekera komwe kumakonzedwa molingana ndi malangizo kuyenera kupopera mbewu pazomera zomwe zakhudzidwa. nyengo yotentha, youma. Kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri 35 Celsius.

Ntchentche kabichi

Chimodzi mwa tizirombo tofala kwambiri ta radishes ndi mbewu zina zopachika. Ntchentcheyi ndi phulusa loyera lokhala ndimizere pamimba ndi mikwingwirima itatu yakuda kumbuyo. Kukula kwake sikupitilira 6.5 mm.

Kuopsa kwa radish kumaimiridwa ndi mphutsi za tizilombo, kudyetsa pamutu wofewa wa zimayambira ndikusunthira kuzama kwazomera. Mbozi zimatha kuwononga chomeracho.

Mutha kuteteza kubzala pogwiritsa ntchito chinthu chilichonse kutengera mafuta a naphthalene, laimu kapena camphor. Mundawo uyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mayankho azinthu zosachepera 2 pa sabata.

Ngati tizirombo takhudza 20% yamunda wonse, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndikofunikira. Amalimbana ndi mphutsi za kabichi:

• 50% karbofos. 60 gr. Mankhwalawa ayenera kuchepetsedwa m'madzi okwana 10 malita ndikupopera mbewu.
• Topazi. Mbeu zimachiritsidwa ndi yankho lokonzedwa kuchokera ku 1 ampoule wa mankhwala ndi malita 10 a madzi.
• Zemlin. Chidachi chidapangidwa kuti tizilima mundawo musanadzalemo. Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka pamlingo wa magalamu 3-5. pa mita imodzi iliyonse musanadzalemo mbande. Imfa ya mphutsi imachitika m'maola 20-24.

Zolemba zam'munda

Ndi gulugufe wofiira ngati mchenga yemwe mphutsi zake zimatha kuwononga mbande za radish. Kugonjetsedwa koteroko kumadzadza ndi kuti masamba a chomeracho adzakula, koma mbewu ya mizu sidzatha kulemera.

• Chisakanizo cha nsonga zouma zouma (0,5 kg), 50 gr. Mokwanira amalimbana ndi tizilombo. sopo wamchere ndi malita 10 a madzi oyera. Zosakaniza zikasakanizidwa, chidebecho chiyenera kuikidwa pamalo otentha kwa maola 4-5. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musamale mbewu nyengo youma komanso yodekha.
• Kuchokera pokonzekera mankhwala, Zeta-cypermethrin ndi Inta-Vir zimalimbana bwino ndi ma scoop. Kukonzekera njira ya Inta-Vira, pewani piritsi limodzi la mankhwala mu 7-10 malita amadzi ndikupopera mbewu kamodzi.

Gulugufe wa kabichi

Gulugufe wokhala ndi mapiko oyera kapena achikaso, mbozi za tizilombo zimadya masamba a chomeracho.

Njira yamakina ndiyothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi tiziromboti. - kusonkhanitsa tizilombo pamanja ndikutsatira kukonza mbewu ndi yankho la coniferous.

Mutha kukonzekera yankho nokha (tsanulirani 200 g wa ma cones ndi 2 malita a madzi otentha), kapena mugule mankhwala opangidwa ndi coniferous okonzeka m'masitolo.

Polimbana ndi tizirombo, njira izi ndizothandiza:

• Lepidocide;
• Iskra M;
• Fitoverm.

Kukonzekera kuyenera kupangidwa molingana ndi malangizo omwe aperekedwa.

Mphungu

Wireworm - mphutsi za kachilomboka kakang'ono, komwe kamakhala nyongolotsi zazing'ono zofiira, kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita 2. Amadyetsa mbewu za mizu, ndikulumikiza mabowo mu radish zamkati. Zipatso zomwe zakhudzidwa zimaola kuchokera mkati.

• Pazizindikiro zoyambirira posonyeza kuwoneka kwa kachilombo koyambitsa waya, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tithetse nthaka ndi feteleza okhala ndi ammonium sulphate.
• Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito Bazudin, yomwe imayambitsidwa m'nthaka pamlingo wa 1 g. Mita imodzi lalikulu.

Tsinde nematode

Nyongolotsi zazing'ono, zoyera, zomwe kukula kwake sikupitilira 2 mm. Amadyetsa madzi a radish, amakhala mumizu yazomera. Zomera zakhudzidwa msanga zimayamba kutembenukira chikaso ndikufota.

Njira yabwino yolimbana ndi tizilombo ndikuchiritsa mbewu ndi marigold kulowetsedwa. Pokonzekera, magalamu 500 a maluwa owuma amathiridwa ndi chidebe cha madzi otentha, 50 magalamu a sopo amawonjezeredwa ndikupatsidwa maola 5.

Munda uyenera kupopera kamodzi pa sabata.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ogwira ntchito polimbana ndi nematode:

1. Mpikisano-S.
2. Sungani 24L.

Mankhwala a radish amangothandiza kwa achinyamata.

Sawfly wowombera

Chikumbu, chikufika 8 mm m'litali, chili ndi mtundu wachikaso wowala wokhala ndi zipsera zakuda 2 kumbuyo. Mapikowo ndi achikasu kumunsi ndi malire akuda kuzungulira m'mbali. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda siowopsa kwa radishes, koma mbozi zimaswa masamba a masamba, zikung'amba maenje ambiri panthaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ifere.

Polimbana ndi kugwiririra sawfly, kulowetsedwa kwa henbane wakuda ndikothandiza. Kukonzekera:

1. Magalamu 600 a masamba owuma ayenera kuthiridwa ndi malita 2 a madzi otentha ndikusiya m'malo amdima kwa maola 12.
2. Kenako onjezerani 50 gr. sopo wamchere ndi kusungunula kulowetsedwa ndi madzi okwanira 8 malita 8.

Mankhwala othandiza polimbana ndi ntchentche:

• Denrobacillin.
• Entobacterin.

Njira yothetsera Entobacterin imakonzedwa pamlingo wa 10 g. madzi okwanira 1 litre.

Chingwe cha Cruciferous

Kachilombo kakang'ono kakuda, komwe kukula kwake sikupitilira 4 mm, ndi mikwingwirima yowala ya lalanje pamapiko. Amadyetsa madzi a radish, omwe amaumitsa masamba achangu mwachangu.

Kulowetsedwa kwa Datura kumatha kuteteza kubzala, yomwe imakonzedwa pamlingo wa 0,5 kg wamasamba owuma pa 10 malita a madzi otentha. Mukasakaniza, beseni liyenera kusiyidwa kwa maola 12 kuti lipangire, pambuyo pake mbeu zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kuthandizidwa.

Ndikofunikira kubwereza kukonza pasanathe masiku asanu.

Phosbecid ndi Actellik amathandizanso kulimbana ndi tizirombo. Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa.

Chilimwe kabichi ntchentche

Kuopsa kwa radish kumaimiridwa ndi mphutsi za tizilombo - mphutsi zoyera mpaka 8 mm kukula kwake. Amadyera pachimake chofewa cha zimayambira, pang'onopang'ono amasunthira kumizu.

Njira yamphamvu yamchere yolimbana ndi tizirombo - 200 gr. mchere kusungunuka mu malita 10 a madzi. Ayenera kuthirira mbewu, ndikuwaza phulusa m'deralo.

Tizilombo tolimbana ndi ntchentche za kabichi:

• Karbofos.
• Chithunzithunzi.
• Topazi.
• Fufanon-nova.
• Kusintha.
• Zemlin.

Kupewa

Popeza tizirombo timakopeka ndi mphukira zazing'ono, zofooka, kudyetsa radishes munthawi yake kumakhala njira yothandiza kupewa mawonekedwe awo (nthawi ndi momwe mungadyetse radishes mukamabzala ndi pambuyo pomera, werengani apa).

Pofuna kupewa mawonekedwe a tizilombo, mutha:

1. Sanjani mbewu ndi phulusa komanso laimu.
2. Utsi mabedi ndi kulowetsedwa chowawa chowawa.
3. Sanjani mbande zomwe zikutuluka ndi viniga (1 galasi pa 10 malita a madzi).

Mbeu ndi mbewu zomwe zili pafupi ndi radish zidzathandizanso kupewa tizirombo. Zinthu zotsekedwa ndi nthanga za caraway, zitsamba, mbatata ndi tomato zimathamangitsa tizilombo.

Kumapeto kwa nyengo, ndikofunikira kuchotsa mosamala zotsalira zamasamba pamalopo, popeza ndi mwa iwo momwe tizirombo titha kukhazikika m'nyengo yozizira.

Kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino muzu, muyenera kudziwa kutentha komwe masamba amakula, ngati singathe kulimbana ndi chisanu, momwe mungakonzekerere mbewu zofesa, kutsatira malamulo othirira, komanso zoyenera kuchita ngati radish ipita muvi. Komanso, ngati mukufuna kulima radishes mu wowonjezera kutentha, wowonjezera kutentha kapena pansi pa kanema, kunyumba pawindo kapena khonde, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito njira yomwe ikukula m'makaseti azira, ndiye kuti mudzakhala ndi chidwi chowerenga zonsezi patsamba lathu.

Kupewa kwakanthawi ndikuwongolera mosamalitsa mbewu kumathandiza eni minda yanyumba kuthana ndi tizirombo tomwe tingawopseze radish, ndikupeza zokolola zochuluka za mbewuyi.

Onerani kanemayo: Hailstone Radish Harvest----Grow, Cook, and Eat (July 2024).