Munich Pinakothek - luso lomwe lakhala likudutsa zaka zambiri

Opanga zojambula mosakayikira adamva zambiri, ndipo ambiri afikapo kumalo otchuka ojambula. Pinakothek (Munich) amadziwika kutali kwambiri ndi malire a Germany. Ndizotheka kunena kuti okonda zaluso omwe sanapiteko kukopekako mwina akulakalaka kuchita izi - kuyenda m'maholo, kukhudza zojambulajambula ndi zifanizo zomwe zasungidwa pano. "Pinakothek" ndiwachi Greek ndipo amatanthauzira kwenikweni ngati "chosungira zojambula."

Zambiri za Munich Pinakothek. Ulendo wopita m'mbiri

Pinakothek ku Munich ndi malo ojambulidwa pomwe zojambula zabwino kwambiri zimakonzedwa motsatira nthawi yake, ndipo mutha kutsatira mosavuta momwe luso linapangidwira, kusinthidwa, kuyendera Pinakothek Yakale, Yatsopano komanso Yatsopano. Ku Greece wakale, Pinakothek amatchedwa malo osungira matabwa, kupenta, komanso gawo lina la nyumba ya Acropolis ku Athens amatchedwa motere; zojambula zoperekedwa kwa mulungu wamkazi Athena zimasungidwa pano. Awa ndi amodzi mwamalo ochepa omwe amapezeka kuti aziyendera mwaulere, aliyense amatha kubwera kuno ndikusilira ntchito zolembedwa pamatabwa, mapale adothi.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana lachitatu BC. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mndandanda wazithunzi wazithunzi udapangidwa.

Pambuyo pake, mawu oti "pinakothek" adagwiritsidwa ntchito kutchulira zosungira zojambula m'mizinda ina yachi Greek, ndipo nthawi ya Renaissance, ili ndi dzina lomwe limaperekedwa kuzosonkhanitsa zojambula zopezeka kwa anthu onse. Khola la Pinakothek ku Munich walandila ulemu ngati wamkulu padziko lonse lapansi. Nazi zojambula zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa kuyambira nthawi ya Middle Ages mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Ntchito yomanga Munich Pinakothek idayamba mu 1826 ndipo idatha zaka khumi.

M'zaka zingapo zoyambirira kutsegulidwa kwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, okhala ku Munich adachita manyazi kulowa mkati, sanachite changu kusirira zaluso, koma mokondwera adakonza mapikniki ndi makomo. Tsoka ilo, pankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, Pinakothek ku Munich idawonongeka kwambiri, kubwezeretsa ndi kumanganso zidatenga zaka zisanu ndipo zidatsegulidwanso mu 1957.

Kapangidwe kazikhazikitso kamakhala koletsa, kodzikongoletsa, kalembedwe ka minimalism, palibe chomwe chimasokoneza kulingalira kwa zojambulazo, pomwe makomawo ajambulidwa mumiyala yakuda, izi zimathandizira kutsimikizira mtundu waukadaulo uliwonse.

Choyipa chachikulu cha Munich Pinakothek ndi kuyatsa koyipa, kosakwanira zithunzi. Kujambula pang'onopang'ono sikuloledwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zojambula sizimakwanira nthawi zonse mu chimango - ndizovuta kujambula ntchito yomwe imayambira pamphuno mpaka kumapeto. Pakati pa zaka za zana la 15 ndi 18, ambuye adakopeka ndi gigantomania. Muyenera kulingalira zaluso zoterezo pamtunda wosachepera mita zisanu.

Lingaliro lopeza Pinakothek ku Munich ndi la a Duke William IV, komanso akazi awo a Jacobina. Anasonkhanitsa zojambula ku malo okhala m'chilimwe. Yoyamba pamndandanda wazabanja inali ntchito za ambuye abwino kwambiri, makamaka pamitu yakale. Ntchitozo zalembedwa kuyambira 1529. Imodzi mwa ntchito zodziwika bwino ndi "Nkhondo ya Alexander" yolembedwa ndi Albrecht Altdorfer, yomwe ikuwonetsa nkhondo ya Alexander the Great pomenyana ndi Dariyo. Chinsalucho chimakondwera ndikumveka bwino kwa tsatanetsatane, kuchuluka kwa utoto ndi kukula kwake, komwe kumadziwika ndi kujambula kwa nthawiyo. Anali Duke Wilhelm amene anagula ntchito za Albrecht Durer, chifukwa chomwe mndandanda waukulu kwambiri wa mbuyeyu unasonkhanitsidwa ku Old Pinakothek. Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 17, panali ntchito zambiri kotero kuti Monarch Ludwig ndidaganiza zomanga nyumba ina.

Nyumba yatsopano ya Pinakothek ku Munich ili moyang'anizana ndi Old Landmark. Munthawi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, idawonongedweratu, kenako ndikuigwetsa kuti ikonzedwenso. Chiwonetserocho chidasamutsidwa kwakanthawi ku Nyumba Yaluso. Pinakothek yatsopano idatsegulidwa mu 1981. Nyumbayi, yomangidwa pamalo omwe kale inali, yomwe idayang'anizana ndi miyala yamchenga komanso yokongoletsedwa ndi zipilala, imadziwika ndi anthu am'deralo. Komabe, zipinda zowunikira kwambiri zayamikiridwa ndi alendo, omanga mapulani ndi otsutsa.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Mu 1988, ngozi inachitika ku Munich Pinakothek - mlendo wodwala mlendo adatsanulira asidi pazithunzi za Dürer. Mwamwayi, ntchito zidabwezeretsedwa.

Kutulutsa kwa Pinakothek wakale

Kwa zaka mazana asanu ndi awiri, mafumu a Wittelsbach adalamulira kudera la Bavaria, ndiye amene adatha kusonkhanitsa zojambula, zomwe masiku ano zimasangalatsidwa ndi mamiliyoni a alendo ku Old Pinakothek ku Munich. Mbadwa za mzera wolamulira zikukhalabe m'nyumba yachifumu ya Nymphenburg, holo iliyonse pano itha kutchedwa kuti luso.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Ndizosatheka kukhazikitsa mtengo wamsonkho wa Munich Pinakothek.

Maholo 19, maofesi ang'onoang'ono 49 ndi otseguka kuti ayendere, komwe zithunzi mazana asanu ndi awiri zikuwonetsedwa - zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri zamasukulu osiyanasiyana ojambula. Ntchito zambiri zimakhala za amisiri am'deralo komanso ojambula aku Germany.

Zowonetsa ku Old Pinakothek zimawonetsedwa m'maholo awiri pansi pa nyumba ina. Chipinda choyamba chimagawika mapiko awiri. Ziwonetsero zakanthawi kochepa zimachitikira ku phiko lakumanzere. Kumanja, pali zojambula za akatswiri aku Germany ndi Flemish.

Chipinda cham'mwamba cha Old Pinakothek ku Munich, zojambula zojambula zam'deralo, akatswiri achi Dutch zimasungidwa. Chipinda chachinayi ndi chachisanu chimaperekedwa ku kujambula kwa ku Italy. Mu holo yachisanu ndi chimodzi, yachisanu ndi chiwiri ndi yachisanu ndi chitatu, ntchito za Flemings zikuwonetsedwa, ndipo mwachisanu ndi chinayi - achi Dutch. Phiko lamanja limasungidwira zojambula ndi akatswiri aku Italiya, French ndi Spain.

Old Pinakothek ku Munich ikuyenera kukhala malo abwino kwambiri ku Germany komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Chiwonetserochi chimachokera ku ntchito za ambuye odziwika aku Germany, omwe adapanga maziko a gulu la Wittelsbach. Nyumba za Munich Pinakothek zimakongoletsedwa ndi zojambula ndi Dürer, Altdorfer ndi Grunewald. Ntchito ndi Raphael, Botticelli, Leonardo da Vinci amaperekedwa muholo yaku Italiya. Ntchito za Rubens ndi Bruegel pamakoma a maholo achi Dutch ndi Flemish zimawoneka zosangalatsa. Ngati mumakopeka ndi malo owoneka bwino a Lorrain, Poussin, yang'anani pa holo yojambula ku France.

N'zosadabwitsa kuti nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale iliyonse imasirira ntchito za Old Pinakothek ku Munich. Ngati poyamba zojambulazo zikugwirizana ndi nyumba imodzi, ndiye kuti pazaka zambiri panali zochuluka kwambiri kotero kuti zosonkhanitsazo zidagawika patatu. Zojambulazo zinagawidwa ndi nthawi:

• Old Munich Pinakothek - nthawi kuyambira Middle Ages mpaka Chidziwitso;
• Pinakothek yatsopano - imagwira ntchito kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18 ndi koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20;
• Pinakothek Zamakono - nyengo kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 20 mpaka lero.

Zabwino kudziwa! Monarch Ludwig ndidakhazikitsa malowa, komanso miyambo yabwino - Lamlungu, khomo lokopa ndi 1 € yokha.

Osalimbikira kuvomereza kukula kwake ndikuwona chilichonse tsiku limodzi, izi ndizosatheka. Mukapita ku Old Pinakothek, pumulani ndi kulingalira zomwe mwawona.

Munich Old Pinakothek imalandira alendo tsiku lililonse, kupatula Lolemba, kuyambira 10-00 mpaka 18-00, Lachiwiri kuyambira 10-00 mpaka 20-00. Mtengo wamatikiti 7 €. Ndizoletsedwa kubweretsa zotengera zilizonse zokhala ndi madzi mkati.

Malo oyima panjira yathu ndi Pinakothek Chatsopano. Zowonekera paziwonetserozi zimakhudza nthawi yachikondi, ukadaulo komanso zenizeni. Zipindazi zimalowetsedwa m'malo mwazithunzi zoyambilira zam'zaka zam'ma 19th, zojambula zopanduka za Impressionists ndi Cubists. Pali ntchito za Monet, Gauguin, Van Gogh, Picasso. Kuphatikiza pa zojambula, ziboliboli zimawonetsedwa ku Munich Pinakothek.

Zothandiza! Ku New Pinakothek ku Munich, ntchito yomanga ndi kumanganso kwakukulu kukuchitika. Nyumbayi ikuyenera kuti yatsekedwa kwa alendo mpaka 2025. Zosonkhanitsazo zidasamutsidwa kwakanthawi ku Old Pinakothek, yomwe ndi East Wing. Komanso, zojambula zina zimawonetsedwa mu Shaka gallery.

Ino ndi nthawi yochezera gawo "laling'ono kwambiri" la Munich Pinakothek - Latsopano kwambiri kapena Laposachedwa. Pali ziwonetsero zinayi zomwe zidapangidwa pano, zomwe zimaperekedwa kumadera osiyanasiyana ojambula:

• kupenta;
• zithunzi;
• zomangamanga;
• kapangidwe.

Apa aliyense adzapeza china chake chosangalatsa, wina adzakondwera ndi ntchito ya operewera, ndipo wina adzakondwera ndimapangidwe amisiri otchuka padziko lonse lapansi, koma wina adzakondwera ndi ntchito ya okonza mapulani. Nyumba zonse za nyumbayi zimadzazidwa ndi zozizwitsa zosiyanasiyana, nyimbo zoyambirira ndi mayankho achilendo akukudikirirani.

Pinakothek Yamakono ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri, tikiti yolowera ikawononga 10 €. Nyumbayi imatsegulidwa tsiku lililonse kupatula Lolemba. Maola otsegulira Pinakothek ku Munich: kuyambira 10-00 mpaka 18-00, Lachinayi - kuyambira 10-00 mpaka 20-00.

Zambiri zothandiza

• Adilesi

Alte Pinakothek: Barerstrasse, 27 (khomo kuchokera ku Theresienstrasse);
Pinakothek yatsopano ili pafupi ndi wakale ku Palazzo Branca, Barerstrasse, 29;
Pinakothek Wamakono: Barerstrasse, 40.

• Mtengo woyendera

Tikiti yopita ku Old Pinakothek imawononga 7 €. Kulowera Lamlungu lililonse ndi 1 € yokha.

Tikiti yopita ku New Pinakothek idzagula 7 €, Lamlungu - 1 €.

Ulendo wopita ku Pinakothek of Modernity umawononga 10 € (tikiti yochotsera - 7 €), Lamlungu lililonse - 1 €.

Tikiti imodzi imakupatsani mwayi wokawona magawo atatu a Pinakothek, Brandhorst Museum ndi Shack Gallery. Mtengo wake ndi 12 €. Payokha, mutha kupita ku Brandhorst Museum pamtengo wa 10 € (mtengo wotsika - 7 €), mtengo wokaona Shack Gallery ku Munich udzawononga 4 € (mtengo wotsika - 3 €). Ziwonetsero zapadera, zakanthawi kochepa zimangokhala ndi mitengo yosiyana.

Muthanso kugula tikiti maulendo asanu akupita ku Munich Pinakothek - 29 €.

Magulu ena a nzika ali ndi ufulu wokaona malowa kwaulere:

• ana osakwana zaka 18;
• ophunzira a mbiri yakale;
• magulu a ana asukulu;
• magulu achinyamata a alendo ochokera kumayiko omwe ndi mamembala a European Union.

Momwe mungafikire ku Museum

Pinakothek ndi Museum of Brandhorst:

• metro: mzere U2 (station Königsplatz kapena Theresienstraße), mzere U3 kapena U6 (station Odeonsplatz kapena Universität), mzere U4 kapena U5 (station Odeonsplatz);
• tram nambala 27, siyani "Pinakoteka";
• Mabasi: ayi. 154 (Schellingstraße stop), basi yoyang'anira zakale. 100 imathamanga ku Munich (imani "Pinakothek" kapena "Maxvorstadt / Sammlung Brandhorst");
• mabasi owonera amayima kutsogolo kwa Pinakothek, nthawi yoimika ndi maola awiri, amathamanga kuyambira 10-00 mpaka 20-00 tsiku lililonse.

Zofunika! Palibe malo oimikapo magalimoto pafupi ndi zowonetserako, chifukwa chake ndikofikirika poyenda pagalimoto.

• Webusaiti yathu: www.pinakothek.de

Mitengo patsamba ili ndi ya June 2019.

Malangizo Othandiza

1. Pinakothek mosakayikira iyenera kukhala nayo kwa aliyense amene ali ndi chidwi ndi kujambula ku Europe ndipo akufuna kukulitsa mawonekedwe awo.
2. Kukhala chete, bata kumalamulira pano, palibe chomwe chimasokoneza kulingalira kwa zojambula.

3. Chipinda chilichonse chimakhala ndi malo okhala momwe mungakhalire pansi ndikumvera zonena.
4. Alendo awona zambiri zosangalatsa zoperekedwa ndi wowongolera mawu, osati Chirasha.
5. Mutha kudya mu cafe, mndandanda wathunthu pano.
6. Mutha kulipira m'malo owonetsera zakale ndi kirediti kadi.
7. Onetsetsani kuti mwasiya katundu wanu mchipinda chonyamula katundu kuti muziyenda mozungulira nyumbayo. Izi zikapanda kuchitidwa, chitetezo chimatumiza kumaselo, gawo la 2 €.
8. Alendo amapatsidwa zibangili, ziyenera kusungidwa nthawi yonse yochezera.
9. Pafupifupi, zimatenga maola awiri kuti muwone zojambula za Old Pinakothek.

Pinakothek (Munich) si zojambulajambula zokha. Kuyenda kupyola maholo a nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, mumamvetsetsa kuti ojambula ambiri adakhalako zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo, ndipo zolengedwa zawo ndizotsimikizira kuti moyo ndiwosakhalitsa ndipo zaluso zokha ndizamuyaya. Chinsalu chilichonse chimakhala chodzaza ndi nthawi yomwe idapangidwa; maloto, zokhumba, chikondi, chidani, moyo ndi imfa zimagwidwa pantchitoyi. Iyi ndi nthawi yanthawi ndipo, zikomo Mulungu, kuti aliyense wa ife ali ndi mwayi wokhudzidwa.

Chidule cha zojambula zotchuka kwambiri za Old Pinakothek Munich mu kanemayu.

Onerani kanemayo: Munich, Germany: Alte Pinakothek (July 2024).