Quirky "Munthu Wakale waku Peru" - Zonse Zokhudza Kukula kwa Espooa

Espostoa amadziwika kuchokera kubanja lonselo chifukwa cha "mwinjiro" wake wonyezimira. Ndi mawonekedwe ake odabwitsa, duwa lidzakongoletsa nyumba iliyonse, lidzakhala lowonjezera pazokongoletsa ndipo lidzakondweretsa okhalamo ndi alendo anyumbayo kwazaka zambiri. M'nkhaniyi, tiphunzira za mbiri ya cacti kuchokera ku mtundu wa Espostoa, zamtundu ndi mitundu yotchuka, zamalamulo osamalira cacti, kubzala zinthu, kukula ndi kuswana pabedi lamaluwa, kuberekanso, komanso za maluwa, mitundu yofananira ya zokometsera komanso za tizirombo tambiri mavuto.

Kufotokozera kwa botanical

Espostoa (espostoa) ndi amtundu wambiri wazakudya m'banja la nkhadze... Dzina lachilatini la cactus Espostoa Cactus imakhala ndi dzina loseketsa "fluffy" kapena "bambo wachikulire waku Peru" pachikuto chake chakuda. Akatswiri ena amaganiza kuti Espostoy ndi mtundu wamtundu wa Cleistocactus (werengani za Strauss's Cleistocactus munkhaniyi). Zomera zimatha kukhala ngati mtengo, zazitali, kapena zazitsamba. Zimayambira mwina nthambi pang'ono kapena chitsamba. Mtunduwu umaphatikizapo mitundu ispostoas yoposa 15.

Zofunika! Kunyumba, olima maluwa amalima makamaka ubweya wa esposo. Mitunduyi imasinthidwa nyengo yathu.

Mbiri yakupezeka, madera okhalamo ndi mawonekedwe a nkhadze

Malongosoledwe oyamba amtunduwu adayamba koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20. Maluwawo amatchulidwa ndi a Nicholas Esposto, katswiri wazomera waku Peru, woyang'anira munda wamaluwa ku Lima, likulu la dziko la Peru. Malo obadwira achilendo ndi South Africa, Ecuador, kumpoto ndi madera apakati a Peru. Malo okhala achilengedwe - malo okwera miyala, malo otsetsereka a zigwa. Zimayambira ndizokulirapo, zopindika, zitha kukhala zopindika bwino, zopangidwa ngati candelabra.

Kunyumba, cacti alibe nthambi.

Mwachilengedwe, nkhadze imakula mpaka 4 - 7 mita kutalika. Kukula kwake kwa mphukira zazikulu mpaka masentimita 15. Nthitizi ndizotsika, zosamveka, zowongoka. Chiwerengero cha nthiti ndi 20 - 30. Mitsempha imakula kuchokera ku mabwalo, imakula mpaka 30 - 40 zidutswa. Minga ndi yopyapyala, yowongoka, kutalika kwa 0,5 - 1 cm.Mitundu yaminga imatha kukhala yachikasu, yofiira, imvi. Minyewa yapakati ndiyolimba, yolimba, yamdima, kutalika kwa 1 - 3. Maselo opota amapangidwanso m'mabwalo. Maluwa opangidwa ndi belu amawoneka makamaka kuthengo.

Kuchulukana kocheperako kumalepheretsa kutenthedwa ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa pa tsinde. Zipatso zake zimakhala zowutsa mudyo, m'chilengedwe zimawoneka ngati zodya. Mbewu ndi matte, zakuda, zimakhala ndi chivundikiro cholimba - pubescence.

Mitundu yotchuka ndi mitundu

Espostoa lanata (ubweya, lanata)

Mwa mawonekedwe ake komanso mawonekedwe ake oseketsa, duwa ili limatchedwa "Peru wakale", "nkhadze - nkhalamba." Amasiyana pakukongoletsa. Thunthu lachilengedwe limatha kukula mpaka 3 - 5 m. Kunyumba, imakula mpaka 1 mita imodzi... Tsinde lokha nthambi mu okhwima zomera. Nthiti ndizochuluka, mpaka 25 mpaka 30 pa tsinde. Tsinde lonse limakutidwa ndi malo oyera oyera obisika, kudzera momwe minga zimadutsamo. Mitunduyi ndi yaifupi, yambiri, yachikaso ndi nsonga yofiira. Maluwawo ndi oyera, opangidwa ndi cephalia. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yosakanizidwa.

Melanostele (wakuda-koloni woboola pakati)

Mayina ofanana a chomeracho ndi Pseudoespostoa melanostele, Pseudoespostoa melanostele. Nkhuni za zomera zokhwima zimakhala ndi mdima wakuda. Zimayambira kukula mpaka 2 mita kutalika. Nsongazo ndizoluka mwamphamvu ndi cocoko woyera waubweya waubweya. Nthiti zowongoka, mpaka zidutswa 25. Mitundu yambiri, yowala kapena yamdima wonyezimira. Kutalika kwa minga ndi masentimita 2 - 4. Maluwawo ndi oyera. Mwachilengedwe, amakula m'malo am'chipululu amiyala (werengani za m'chipululu cacti apa).

Ritteri (Ritter)

Ritter ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yokongola kwambiri ya fluffy cacti, yowetedwa, wosakanizidwa wa eposto waubweya (mutha kuphunzira zambiri za fluffy cacti apa). Anatsegulidwa m'ma 60s m'zaka za zana la 20 ku Peru. Tsinde ndi lolimba, lofanana ndi mtengo, limakula pafupifupi 4 mita kutalika. Ili ndi mphukira zammbali. Nthitizi ndizotsika, pali malo opingasa. Areolae ali ndi tsitsi loyera mpaka 2 - 3 cm m'litali. Minyewa ndi yopyapyala, yopangidwa ndi singano, kutalika kwa 1 - 2 cm. Mtundu wa minga ukhoza kukhala wachikasu wonyezimira, pali mitundu yaying'ono yokhala ndi minga yofiirira (kodi pali cacti yopanda minga?). Maluwawo ndi oyera, akulu, mpaka 5 cm m'mimba mwake. Maluwawo amakula m'litali masentimita 7 mpaka 8.

Kodi kusamalira kunyumba?

Kutentha

Kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala koyenera kuyambira masika mpaka nthawi yophukira... M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa zomwe zili m'munsiyi kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi madigiri angapo. M'chilimwe, Espostoa yopanda anthu amatha kupirira kutentha mpaka 25 - 30 ° C.

Zofunika! kutentha kutsika pansi pa 8 ° С sikuvomerezeka.

Kuthirira

Mkhalidwe wofunikira ndikuthirira kochepa chaka chonse. M'dzinja ndi dzinja, kuthirira kumaima, mutha kuthira nthaka kamodzi pamwezi. Kuthirira kumachitika pamene chikomokere chadothi chimauma kwathunthu. Chomeracho sichifuna kupopera kwina.

Duwa limakonda mpweya wabwino, nthawi yotentha, kutentha, muyenera kutulutsa miphika kuti mutsegule verandas.

Kuyatsa

Espostoa imatenga kuwala kambiri chaka chonse. Oyenera makonzedwe akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwa miphika... Ndi bwino kumata mawindo akummwera masana ndi chivundikiro chowala, dzuwa lowopsa limatha kuvulaza duwa. Pambuyo popumula nthawi yozizira, duwa limazolowera dzuwa.

Kuyambitsa

Gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala lowala, lotayirira, madzi ndi mpweya wopumira. Ngalande chofunika. Tchipisi cha Marble, dothi lokulitsa, polystyrene yosweka imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ngalande.

Kapangidwe ka nthaka kusakaniza:

• Malo obiriwira - 1 tsp
• Mchenga - 1 tsp
• Dziko la Sod - 2 hours
• Njerwa tchipisi - 2 lomweli
• Ngalande wosanjikiza.

Kudulira

Ndondomekoyi imachitika bwino panthawi yopatsa. Kudulira kumangofunika chomera chachikulu.

Kukonza chiwembu:

• Mphukira zathanzi zimadulidwa - zimayambira kumtengowo.
• Nsonga za zomera zokulirapo zimadulidwa kuti zipangitse mizu ya cuttings.
• Komanso, muyenera kudula njira zowonongeka zomwe zili ndi mabakiteriya a pathogenic.
• Amafuna kudulira ukhondo wa zidutswa zouma ndi zowola.

Zofunika! malo a mabalawo auma ndi ufa ndi makala osweka kapena mpweya wotsegulidwa.

Zovala zapamwamba

Feteleza amathiridwa kuyambira Meyi mpaka Seputembala muzitsamba zazing'ono kudzera kuthirira. Njira yodyetsera ndi nthawi imodzi pa masabata 3-4. Kawirikawiri, feteleza wapadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa cacti ndi succulents. M'chaka, duwa limafunikira feteleza wa nayitrogeni. M'chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, ndibwino kudyetsa gawo lapansi ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Feteleza feteleza otsika ndende angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Ndibwino kuti feteleza amchere amchere ndi zinthu zina.

Mphika

Poto sayenera kukhala wokulirapo komanso wakuya. Mukamabzala, gwiritsani mphika wokulirapo wa 2 cm... Poto amasankhidwa potengera kuchuluka kwa mizu. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zotengera zopanda ceramic. Kukula kwamkati kwamphika kumathandizira kulimbitsa bwino mizu.

Ndikofunika kuti mphikawo ukhale ndi mabowo pansi kuti athetse madzi ochulukirapo.

Tumizani

Maluwa amabzalidwanso chaka chilichonse. Zomera zazikulu zimafuna kuziika kamodzi zaka zisanu zilizonsemphikawo ukakhala waung'ono, mizu yake siyokwanira mu chidebecho.

Chofunika: gawo lapamwamba la gawo lapansi liyenera kukonzedwanso kamodzi pakatha zaka zitatu. Mukamaika, kuwonongeka kwa umphumphu wa mizu sikuvomerezeka, izi zimatha kubweretsa kufa kwa chomeracho. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kumayambiriro kwa masika.

Ndondomeko yoyikira:

1. Chosanjikiza cha 3-4 cm chimatsanulidwa pansi pamphika.
2. Nthaka ya chitsamba cha mayi yanyowa.
3. Chomeracho chimachotsedwa pamodzi ndi chimbudzi chadothi.
4. Kusungunula ndi kudulira mizu yovunda ndi youma kumachitika.
5. Chitsamba chimabzalidwa ndi njira yosinthira.
6. Gawo latsopano limatsanuliridwa m'malo opanda kanthu a mphika.
7. Nthaka ndiyopendekeka pang'ono mbali, kukonza mmera.

Zofunika! Kuthirira kumaima kwa masiku 3-4. Miphika imayikidwa pamalo amthunzi nthawi yonseyi.

Nyengo yozizira

M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho sichitha. Sunthani miphika m'chipinda chozizira.

Kutentha kotentha kwambiri ndi 14-16 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, maola ochepa masana amafunika kuyatsa ndi nyali zapadera kwa maola angapo patsiku. Kubereketsa maluwa panthawiyi sikuvomerezeka.

Mbali za kubzala panja

Espostoa si chomera cholimba m'nyengo yozizira. Maluwawo salekerera nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira yophukira nyengo yotentha... M'nyengo yotentha, mutha kubzala kapena kukumba miphika pabedi lamiyala yambiri pakati pamiyala. Kutchire kwanthawi yozizira, maluwa amasamutsidwa kupita kunyumbako. Mame, kuchuluka kwa mpweya, kutsika kwa kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, madzi amu nthaka amatsutsana ndi chomeracho.

Kubereka

Zodula

Njira yosavuta yokwanira. Njirayi imachitika mchaka kapena chilimwe.

Dulani chiwembu:

1. Kudula kwa apical kapena njira zowongolera zimadulidwa.
2. Malo odulidwa amakonzedwa ndi malasha.
3. Zodzala zouma kwa masiku awiri pamalo amthunzi.
4. Cuttings mizu mu peat osakaniza.
5. Kutentha kwa zomwe zili ndi 18 - 23 ° С.
6. Mizu yodulidwa imabzalidwa mumiphika yaying'ono yomwe ikukula.

Mbewu

Ntchito yofesa imakhala yovuta komanso yayitali. Njirayi imachitika mchaka. Mbeu zimabzalidwa mumchenga wosakanikirana ndi nthaka.

Ndondomeko ya mbeu:

1. Nthaka imayikidwa muzitsulo zazikulu zosaya.
2. Mbewu zimagawidwa mofanana popanda kuyika maliro.
3. Kufesa kumakonkhedwa ndi mchenga pamwamba.
4. Kufesa kumakonzedwa pang'ono.
5. Zotengera zimakutidwa ndi zojambulazo kapena magalasi.
6. Kutentha kumakhala mpweya wokwanira tsiku lililonse.
7. Kutentha kwa mpweya - mpaka 27 ° С.
8. Mphukira zoyamba zikangodutsa, galasi limachotsedwa.
9. Kuunikira kuli kowala.
10. Mbande zimatsitsidwa pambuyo pa masabata atatu mpaka 4 m'makontena osiyana.

Kukula ndi kuswana pabedi la maluwa

Espostoa imadziwika ndikukula pang'ono, imakula pang'onopang'ono, wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amailumikiza pa thunthu lamphamvu la Cereus ndi zina zazikulu zokoma. Chisakanizo chopatsa thanzi cha nthaka yabwinobwino yamchenga ndi mchenga chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa flowerbed, mu 2: 1 ratio. Ngalande zimawonjezeka pa dzenje lililonse - miyala kapena zidutswa za njerwa, tchipisi cha ma marble. Mutha kudyetsa maluwawo ndi njira yofooka ya mullein.

Mitundu yamaluwa

Maluwa amachokera ku cephalius wopangidwa kwakanthawi pamwamba pa tsinde... Maluwawo ndi ofiira ngati felemu, koma akulu, 5 - 8 cm m'litali. Mtundu wa maluwawo ndi wa pinki kapena woyera (werengani za cacti wokhala ndi maluwa apinki apa).

Zofunika! Chodziwika bwino cha maluwa ndikuti maluwawo amamasula, monga lamulo, usiku.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati masamba sakuwoneka?

Kuzungulira kwakumera kwa mbewu kumayenera kuchitika. Onetsetsani kuti mwakhala mukugona, sungani maluwawo pamalo ozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, kuyatsa bwino ndi kukonza kowuma kuyenera kuperekedwa kuti zipangitse mphukira.

Akatswiri a zamoyo amati kunyumba, Espostoa ndi omutsatira ake osakanizidwa samamasula kawirikawiri.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

1. Tsinde lawola limachitika chifukwa chakusefukira. Amafuna kudulira zimayambira za kachilombo, kubzala maluwa, m'malo mwa kusakaniza.
2. Zolemba za laimu pamutu ndizotsatira za mpweya wopanda mphamvu komanso chinyezi chambiri. Kutsirira kuyenera kuyimitsidwa kwa masiku 7 mpaka 10. Miphika imasunthira kumalo opepuka komanso otentha.
3. Chithandizo cha gawo lapansi ndikupopera tsinde ndi yankho la actara kapena phytoverm kumathandizira kuthana ndi nthata za kangaude, mealybugs.
4. Chithandizo cha tchire ndi biotlin kapena fungicides ina chimathandiza nsabwe za m'masamba.

Mitengo yofanana

• Espostoa chodabwitsa (Espostoa mirabilis) imakula ngati chitsamba chofanana ndi mtengo. Zimayambira ndi zobiriwira, zobiriwira ndi utoto wofiira. Spines - singano zoonda.
• Espostoa senile (Espostoa senilis) amakula mpaka 2 mita kutalika. Misana ndi yaubweya, yoyera. Maluwawo ndi otsekemera ndipo amamasula usiku wokha.
• Escobaria dasyacantha var. Chaffeyi amakhalanso ndi "mkanjo" wonyezimira. Minyewa ya singano, mpaka 2 cm.
• Escobaria Schneda (Escobaria sneedii) imamera m'magulu amadzimadzi. Nthiti ndizosazungulira. Mitundu yake ndi yoyera, yolimba.
• Escobaria wonyezimira (Escobaria dasyacantha). Tsinde limakulitsidwa, mpaka masentimita 7 m'mimba mwake. Minyewa ndi yolimba, yayitali, mpaka 1.5 masentimita m'litali. Maluwawo ndi apinki.

Espostoa ndi duwa lachipululu, cholimba komanso chosasamala. Potsatira malamulo onse azisamaliro, mutha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino pakakongoletsedwe kanthawi kochepa.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwonere kanema wonena za kusamalira cacti wa mtundu wa Espostoa:

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