Kuzindikira: mbiri, kupanga, malamulo akumwa
Cognac ndi chimodzi mwazosankhika zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zomwe zimatchedwa zoziziritsa kukhosi. Kukoma kwake kumakhala kofewa, ndi pungency inayake, yogwirizana kwambiri. Zigawo zaku France zimadziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakalawe kake kamene kamakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono kapena chokoleti kuphatikiza ndi nutmeg, safironi, jasmine, ndi ginger.
Anthu akumpoto kapena aku Russia amadziwika ndi zokometsera zamaluwa achilendo kapena ma esters odziwika bwino omwe amawononga zoumba zamchere, ma almond kapena prunes. Sikuti pachabe Victor Hugo adatcha cognac "zakumwa za milungu".
Mtunduwo ndiosatsuka pang'ono komanso wowoneka bwino, kuchokera ku amber wagolide ndi golide wonyezimira mpaka amber wakuda komanso mtundu wagolide wakale. Chotengera chaku France chokhala ndi ukalamba wabwino sichotsika pamtengo wamagalimoto odziwika. Mamiliyoni mamiliyoni okha ndi omwe angakwanitse. Kupita ku chikondwerero chilichonse, modekha perekani botolo la mowa wamphesa - iyi ndi mphatso yotchuka.
Malamulo oyambira akumwa
Okonda zakumwa amakhulupirira kuti cognac ndi yolemekezeka kwambiri kotero kuti choyamba muyenera kupanga malo ena, ndiyeno mulawe. Kumwa zovala zapakhomo komanso kukhitchini kumawerengedwa kuti ndikulemekeza kwambiri zakumwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuvala diresi yamadzulo kapena suti yakampani.
Kuti mupezenso mphamvu ndi kusangalala ndi chakumwa, phunzirani kununkhiza kununkhira kwa mowa wamphesa.
Magalasi omwe amalangizidwa kuti amwe mowa wamphesa
Snifter, kutanthauza "kununkhiza," ndi galasi lodziwika bwino lomwe lakhalapo kuyambira zaka za zana la 16. Ili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi tsinde lalifupi, ikukwera mmwamba, ndi voliyumu ya 170 ml - 240 ml. Nthawi zambiri magalasi awa amapangidwa ndi kristalo kapena mandala komanso magalasi owonda. Kapangidwe kakang'ono kagalasi kamakhala ndi fungo labwino lakumwa.
Akatswiri ena amati atagwira snifter m'manja mwawo, kutentha kwa manja kumasamutsidwa ku kogogoda ndipo kukoma kumakhala bwino. Koma ena agwirizana kuti sizingatheke kutentha.
Akatswiri azipangizo amasankha zokumbira zamakedzana, ndi mwendo wapamwamba ndikukumbutsa mphukira ya tulip. Magalasi opangidwa ndi tulip ndiosavuta kulawa, chifukwa amakupatsani chidwi kwambiri. Anthu ena amakonda kumwa mowa wamphesa kuchokera kumagalasi apadera a kapangidwe kake ngati mbiya, pafupifupi 25 ml.
Amalangizidwa kuti mutsegule botolo, monganso ma liqueurs, mphindi 30 isanalawe. Munthawi imeneyi, chakumwa chimadzaza ndi mpweya komanso chimakometsa kukoma.
Zakudya zoziziritsa kukhosi
Ku Russia, kuyambira nthawi ya Nicholas II, pakhala chizolowezi chodya mowa wamphesa ndi mandimu. Komabe, ambiri amati mandimu imasokoneza kukoma kwa zakumwa zabwino. Ndimu ndi yabwino ndi vodka kapena tequila.
Ku France, amapaka pate kapena chokoleti ndi kogogoda, amamwa khofi, kenako amasuta ndudu, lamulo lotchedwa "C" atatu, Cafe, Cognac, Cigare.
Tchizi cholimba, nyama yowonda, maolivi ndi oyenera kukopa. Ena amaponya madzi oundana mumkatakota, kuwatsuka ndi madzi amphesa kapena madzi amchere.
Chinsinsi cha makanema opangidwa ndi makina
5 magawo olondola akumwa mowa wamphesa
Ndi bwino kumwa mowa wamphesa kunyumba mosiyana ndi chakudya, kukhala pampando wabwino, m'malo odekha. Osamamwa mowa umodzi, sinthani sipu iliyonse.
- Dzazani galasi pafupifupi kotala, tengani ndi mwendo (m'manja, ngati galasi ili ndi mwendo wawung'ono), yesani mtundu wa chakumwa. Nthawi zina amalodza ndi chiwembu chodabwitsa. Zala zatsalira pagalasi ziyenera kuwonekera bwino pamadzi.
- Sinthasintha galasi mozungulira ndikulibwezeretsanso. Madontho, otchedwa cognac miyendo, amayenera kutsika pamakoma agalasi. Madontho oterewa ndikukula kwa njirayo, ndikukula kwa kognac. Ngati "miyendo" imagwira pafupifupi masekondi 5, cognac yokhala ndi zaka zosachepera 5-8, ngati masekondi 15, okalamba kwa zaka zosachepera 20.
- Fukitsani mowa wamphesa kuti mumve kuyamwa kwamununkhira. Choyamba, zida zosakhazikika zimamveka. Gawo lotsatira, mutha kumva kununkhira konse, chifukwa muyenera kusungunula galasi ndikumva zonunkhira. Chakumwa chabwino chimakhala ndi zolemba za thundu, paini kapena mkungudza, zonunkhira zonunkhira za vanila kapena ma clove, zolemba za zipatso za apurikoti, maula, peyala kapena chitumbuwa. Mutha kumva kununkhira kwa maamondi, mtedza, musk, chikopa, mkate wofufumitsa kapena khofi.
- Tengani pang'ono pang'ono ndikumva kukoma kwa chakumwa. Sip yoyamba imakupangitsani kumva kuti mumamwa mowa kwambiri. Musatenge sip yotsatira pomwepo.
- Khalani ndi mawonekedwe atsopano, mgwirizano wamaluwa, kufewa ndi zakumwa zamafuta. Ngati simukukonda kuwawa, idyani chotupitsa ndi nyama kapena chokoleti.
Mbiri pang'ono
Cognac wakhala chakumwa choledzeretsa cha ku France, chopangidwa mumzinda wa Cognac. Kalekale m'zaka za zana la 12, minda yamphesa ingapo idakhazikitsidwa pafupi ndi tawuni yaying'ono iyi. Poyamba, vinyo amapangidwa kuchokera kukolola kwakukulu kwa mphesa ndipo amatumizidwa kumayiko aku Northern Europe panyanja. Ulendowu unali wautali, ndipo vinyo, paulendo, adasiya kukoma ndi mtengo wake, zomwe zidabweretsa zotayika zambiri kwa opanga.
Nthawi yambiri idadutsa ndipo pofika zaka za zana la 17 zida zatsopano zidawoneka kuti ndizotheka kupanga distillate ya vinyo. Pakapita kayendedwe ka nthawi yayitali, mankhwalawa sanasinthe mtundu wake ndipo anali onunkhira komanso olemera kuposa vinyo wamba. Amalonda aku France adazindikira kuti chakumwa chatsopano, chikasungidwa m'miphika ya thundu, chimakhala chonunkhira bwino komanso chimakoma kwambiri.
Mbiri ya Hennessy
Pofika m'zaka za zana la 19, mumzinda wa Cognac ndi mizinda ina ku France, makampani amabwera kudzagulitsa zakumwa zoledzeretsa m'mitsuko yamagalasi. Kuchuluka kunkafunika, motero kunali kofunika kukulitsa malo amphesa.
Zopezeka pano ku Georgia, Armenia, Spain, Greece, Russia. Chogulitsa chokhacho chomwe chimapangidwa ndi opanga ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa kuti osati cognac, koma burande. Opanga aku France okha ndi omwe ali ndi ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito logo ya Cognac.
Kupanga cognac
Kupanga ndi kupanga, mitundu ina ya mphesa yoyera imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imakololedwa pakati pa Okutobala. Mitundu yofala kwambiri ndi: Colombar, Montil, Uni Blanc. Mphesa zomwe adakolola zimafinyidwa ndipo madzi ake amatumizidwa kuti akamere. Kenako pakubwera distillation, kutanthauza "madontho odontha", pomwe gawo limapangidwa ndi mphamvu mpaka 72% ya mowa. Kachigawo kameneka kamayikidwa m'migolo, nthawi zonse thundu, kukalamba. Nthawi yocheperako ndi miyezi 30.
Malinga ndi malamulo aku France, ndizoletsedwa kuwonjezera shuga ndi sulphate ku cognac panthawi yokonzekera. Kuti tikwaniritse mtundu womwe tikufuna, timaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito tincture woledzeretsa pamitengo ya oak kapena caramel.
Mtundu wapamwamba wa cognac ndiwowonekera bwino, wopanda zodetsa komanso zosakanikirana, kusasinthasintha kwake ndi kwamafuta pang'ono. Linga - osachepera 40%. Cognac imagawidwa m'magulu angapo, kutengera ukalamba: kukalamba zaka 3 - "nyenyezi zitatu", mpaka zaka 6 - "nyenyezi zisanu ndi chimodzi". Nthawi zina, m'malo mwa ma asterisk, chidule chinalembedwa pa chizindikirocho. KV imatanthauza kuti cognac imakhala zaka pafupifupi 6, KVVK - kwa zaka zosachepera 8, KS - ukalamba wautali, pafupifupi zaka 10. Nyumba zotchuka kwambiri zopanga mowa wambiri ndi Hennessy, Bisquit, Martel, Remy Martin.
Cognac ili ndi zinthu zabwino, koma simuyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito molakwika. Mulingo woyenera kwambiri ndi magalamu 30. Ndi bwino kumamwa bwino, osasungunuka ndi tonic kapena soda.