Zomwe zimasamalidwa movutikira ndikukula kwa gloxinia kunyumba

Gloxinia (Latin Gloxinia) ndi chomera chosatha chotentha. Amatchulidwa pambuyo pa dokotala komanso wamankhwala waku Germany a Benjamin Peter Gloxin. Dzina lina la gloxinia ndi sinningia (Latin Sinningia).

Kugawidwa ku South America (Peru, Brazil). Tuberous wochokera kubanja la Gesnerievye. Masamba ndi velvety, ndipo tsinde lifupikitsidwa. Pali zovuta zina pakukula. Ngati mukufuna kulima chomera chokongola, koma mulingo wanu wapamwamba kwambiri ndi nkhadze, ndiye kuti ndikulimbikitsani kuti musayambe kulima ndi kubzala mbewu izi.

Momwe mungasamalire ndikukula maluwa awa?

Kuwala ndi kutentha

Gloxinia ndi chomera chokonda kuwala. Komabe, adzawala ndi dzuwa. Kuwala kuyenera kufalikira, ndipo masana ndi maola 12-14. Zimalekerera pang'ono kutentha pansi pa 17 ° C. Zomwe zili bwino ndi 20 ° C. Komabe, m'nyengo yozizira, nthawi yopuma ya gloxinia, kutentha kwa pafupifupi 10 ° C kumafunikira. Masamba akatambasula kwambiri, ndiye kuti chomeracho ndi chotentha, ngati chagwera m'mphepete mwa mphika, ndiye kuti kukuzizira kwambiri.

Njira yosavuta yodziwira ngati chomera chili ndi kuwala kokwanira:

• Ngati masamba obiriwira obiriwira amakhala osanjikiza ndipo tsinde ndi lalifupi, ndiye kuti zonse zili bwino.
• Ngati chomeracho chilibe kuwala kokwanira, ndiye kuti masamba onse ndi tsinde lake zimayamba kutambasukira m'mwamba.
• Ngati pali zowonjezera, ndiye kuti masambawo amatembenukira chikasu ndikupindika m'mphepete.

Kuthirira

Kuthirira gloxinia ndikofunikira nthawi zambiri komanso nthawi zonse ndi madzi kutentha. Ndi bwino ngati madzi akhazikika pang'ono.

Chenjezo! Madzi sayenera kufika pamasamba ndi maluwa. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri kuthirira kumachitika mu mphasa.

Kuphatikiza apo, chinyezi chochuluka m'nthaka sichofunika, chifukwa chake muyenera kupukuta mphalapo, apo ayi mizu idzaola. Kuthirira kumafunika pafupipafupi m'miyezi yotentha, komanso nthawi yayitali m'miyezi yozizira.

Mutha kuwerenga zambiri zakuthirira gloxinia ndikuidyetsa m'nkhaniyi.

Chinyezi

Gloxinia amakonda chinyezi chochepa. Choncho, m'nyengo yozizira, pamene kutentha kumagwira ntchito, ndipo chomeracho chimathirira madzi mobwerezabwereza kuposa nthawi zonse, nthaka imatha kuuma. (Nthaka, osati chomera) imayenera kupopera (koma osapitirira!). Komanso chilimwe.

Nthaka

Ndi bwino kudzala zosakaniza zapadera monga "Violet". Mukadzipangira nokha dothi, ndiye kuti muyenera kutenga magawo awiri a nthaka yamasamba ndi gawo limodzi la peat komanso mchenga wamtsinje. Kukhetsa kwa gloxinia kumafunika.

Momwe zilili, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lokulitsa, mahelles osambitsidwa, ma styrofoam kapena miyala yotsukidwa patchuthi chanu. Mizu ya gloxinia imakula kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha miphika yosaya komanso yotakata.

Kuti mumve zambiri za mtundu wa mphika womwe ukufunika ku gloxinia, werengani apa, ndipo apa tidakambirana za dothi lomwe likufunika maluwa.

Feteleza

Gloxinia imafunika kudyetsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Ogasiti, izi zimachitika kamodzi pa sabata pogwiritsa ntchito theka la mlingo womwe ukuwonetsedwa paphukusi. Njira yosavuta yothira fetereza wamadzi wokonzeka pazomera zokongola. Amapangidwanso molingana ndi malangizo ndipo madzi ndi feteleza amathira mwachindunji poto.

Kudyetsa chomera kumasiya kutuluka maluwa (penapake pakati pa Ogasiti - Seputembara). Nthawi yonseyi, gloxinia safunika kuti ikhale ndi umuna, duwa likupuma.

Zizindikiro zomwe mungamvetsetse kuti pali kuchepa kwa michere:

• mtundu wa maluwa umatha;
• kukula kumaima;
• maluwa amakhala osowa;
• Kutalika kwa maluwa kumachepa;
• kukula kwa masamba kumachepa.

Apanso tikufunika muyeso.

Zofunika! Kuchuluka kwa fetereza kulibe vuto ngati kusowa kwake.

Nthawi yogona

1. Chomeracho chitatha (mu Seputembara-Okutobala), kudyetsa kuyima, kuthirira kumachepa (mpaka nthawi 1 m'masiku 30).
2. Gawo lamlengalenga la chomeracho limayamba kufota pang'onopang'ono.
3. Zimayambira ndi masamba kutembenukira chikasu ndi youma, ndipo mizu amafanso. Chifukwa chake, pofika nthawi yozizira, ma tubers okha ndi omwe amakhala mu gloxinia.
4. Ziwalo zonse zakufa ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Ndipo chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndikusunga tuber. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizowona kuti kudula kwatsopano kumawonekera nyengo yamawa.
5. Mukachotsa ziwalo zonse zakufa, mutha kuchotsa mphika wa tubers m'malo amdima, ozizira. Kutentha 10-15 ° C. Kapenanso, mutha kuyika ma tubers mchidebe ndikuwaza mchenga wothira. Sungani momwemo ngati mphika wokhala ndi dothi (malo ozizira amdima).
6. Gloxinia samathiriridwa kawirikawiri panthawiyi (pafupifupi kawiri pamwezi). Ndipo pochepetsa pang'ono, kungoteteza kuti ma tubers asamaume. Ndikuthirira pafupipafupi komanso kochuluka, gloxinia tuber iyamba kuvunda ndikufa.
7. Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yogwira, mphika wokhala ndi chomeracho umasunthira pamalo owala ndipo kuthirira kumayamba kukulira pang'onopang'ono. Kenako amasamalidwa monga mwa nthawi zonse.

Phunzirani zambiri za nthawi yopuma ya gloxinia pano.

Tumizani

Pambuyo nthawi yayitali, gloxinia iyenera kuikidwa. Izi zachitika motere:

1. Ma tubers amachotsedwa mu chidebe / thumba / mphika, kutsukidwa kwa dothi ndikuchotsa mizu yakale.
2. Tuber imatsukidwa ndi madzi oyera ndipo zowola zonse zimadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa, ndipo pamwamba pake pamakhala madzi owazidwa ndi malasha osweka.
3. Pofuna kupewa zovunda za ma tubers, zilowerereni kwa theka la ola mu solution ya foundationol (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito fungicidal agent). Komanso, monga njira, njira yakuda ya pinki ya potaziyamu permanganate.
4. Pambuyo pake, tuber yauma tsiku lonse.
5. Kenako gloxinia imabzalidwa mumphika watsopano, momwe mumayikapo ngalande yoyamba, ndi dothi pamwamba pake.
6. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono onjezerani gawolo ndikupondereza; chifukwa chake, tuber iyenera kuikidwa m'manda mu theka lokha. Gawoli lanyowa, lokutidwa ndi zojambulazo ndikuyika pamalo otentha, owala.
7. Ndikofunikira kuwulutsa (pafupifupi theka la ora) m'mawa ndi madzulo opanda tuber. Masamba akawoneka, kanemayo amatha kuchotsedwa ndipo dziko lapansi lidzadzazidwa.

Mudzapeza zambiri zakuyikira gloxinia mgululi.

Kubereka

Gloxinia imafalikira ndi mbewu, kudula masamba ndikugawa tubers:

1. Pofalitsa ndi masamba odula masamba, dothi losakanizidwa limakonzedwa ndipo phesi limazulidwa pamenepo - tsamba laling'ono lodulidwa kuchokera ku maluwa ndi phesi lalitali pafupifupi sentimita imodzi.
2. Tsamba loyikidwa pansi limakutidwa ndi mtsuko ndipo kutentha kumakhala pa 22-24 ° C kwa masiku 18-25. Munthawi imeneyi, mmera uyenera kukhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono.
3. Pambuyo pake, zidutswazo zimaikidwa m'miphika yaying'ono yokhala ndi masentimita 5 mpaka 7.
4. Kubzala mbewu za gloxinia kumachitika kuyambira Novembala mpaka February. Iyi ndiyo njira yovuta kwambiri. Mbeu zimabzalidwa mu mbale zazikulu zodzaza ndi nthaka ya masamba osakanikirana ndi mchenga. Sayenera kubzalidwa mozama, kuyikidwa pansi kapena kukonkhedwa nayo.
   • Mbale yambewu iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi galasi ndipo kutentha kumasungidwa madigiri 22.
   • Mphukira ziyenera kuonekera patatha milungu iwiri mutabzala.
   • Masamba oyamba akawonekera, mbande zimakhala pampando wa masentimita awiri.
   • Kusankha mobwerezabwereza kumachitika masamba awiri achitatu akawoneka. Poterepa, mtunda pakati pa mbande ukuwonjezeka mpaka masentimita asanu.
   • Chosankha chachitatu chimachitika ndi masamba otukuka - mbande zimayikidwa mumphika wamba pamtunda wa masentimita khumi wina ndi mnzake.

Zomera zikakula, zimayenera kuikidwa m'miphika yosiyana. Ngati mutsatira malamulo osamalira gloxinia, pakatha miyezi isanu ndi iwiri, gloxinia iphulika.

5. Pofuna kubala gloxinia ndi tubers, amadulidwa mzidutswa ndikuwaza ndi malasha osweka pamadulidwe. Tinthu tuber timabzala m'miphika yaying'ono ndikukula pa 20 ° C. Zomera zimamera pachimake m'miyezi 4-5.

Monga mukuwonera, Gloxinia si chomera chophweka kukula. Ndiwofunikira kwambiri ndipo wamaluwa wamaluwa kapena okonda zomera zamkati amatha kuwononga.

Zofunika! Gloxinia amadana ndi zojambula. Samalani ngati mukufuna kuisunga pazenera, ngakhale kunyumba.

Mutha kuwerenga za momwe gloxinia imaberekera ndi tsamba pano, ndipo apa tinalankhula za njira zonse zoberekera.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

1. Masamba amafota, nsonga zimasanduka zofiirira. Mpweya ukhoza kukhala wotentha kwambiri kapena wouma. Ndikofunika kukulitsa chinyezi poyika mphika wobzala pa thireyi ndimiyala yonyowa kapena kuphimba gloxinia ndi chotengera chowonekera bwino.
2. Masamba amatumbululuka, amatalika, m'mbali mwake mumakhala bulauni. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kuunika kokwanira. Muyenera kuyika mphika ndi chomeracho pamalo owala, kukumbukira kupewa dzuwa.
3. Mawonekedwe a bulauni mawanga pa masamba. Izi ndichifukwa chothirira madzi ozizira, kutentha kuyenera kukulitsidwa.
4. Imvi imamera pamaluwa ndi masamba, kapena mawanga owopsa pamasamba. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa gloxinia ndi powdery mildew kapena imvi nkhungu. Mawanga a bulauni makamaka amasonyeza kuyamba kwa imvi zowola, choncho chotsani malo odwala ndikuchiza chomera chonse ndi fungicide.
5. Mphepo ya cyclamen. Ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo simudzawona choncho. Kodi ndizochulukitsa kwakukulu kwa nkhupakupa. Kenako zimawoneka ngati fumbi pansi pamunsi pa tsamba lamasamba, koma masamba a chomeracho amayamba kupunduka ndikulimba, ndikuthira m'mphepete, masamba amafota, masamba amaluwa amapunduka, ndipo nsonga za mphukira ziuma - zonsezi zikuwonetsa kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka cyclamen.
6. Kangaude. Zimakhalanso zovuta kuzizindikira. Ndipo iyenso, amakhazikika pansi pamunsi pa tsamba ndipo amadyetsa kamtengo ka selo. Mutha kumvetsetsa kuti iyi ndi kangaude wamadontho oyera omwe amasandulika mawanga achikasu, kapena ndi tsamba locheperako (koma matendawa amakhala olimba).

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Gloxinia:

• ntchentche;
• chishango;
• kangaude;
• mealybug.

Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilomboto, makonzedwe apadera ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito (komabe, sankhani mosamala, gloxinia imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mankhwala aliwonse!) Ngati chomeracho chili ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matendawa, ndiye kuti ziyenera kukhala zokhazokha ndipo masamba ndi zimayambira ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa fodya kapena madzi sopo.

Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuwerenga za chifukwa chomwe gloxinia siyimasamba ndikusintha masamba akuda pano, ndipo apa tidayankhula za matenda omwe ali m'masamba a gloxinia.

Komabe, Gloxinia ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri, koma sizovuta kukula. Mukamasamalira chomera ichi, muyenera kuganizira zinthu zambiri, ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri pamikhalidwe. Chifukwa chake, monga ndidanenera poyamba, ngati mukungoyamba kumene kuyenda maluwa, iwalani za gloxinia ndikukula violet.