Malangizo a momwe mungasamalire bwino petunia wanu maluwa

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Pakati pa wamaluwa, petunias ndiwotchuka kwambiri ndipo amapanga likulu la nyimbo zambiri zokongoletsa, zothandizana bwino ndi begonias, geraniums kapena lobelias. Kupepuka kwakukula kwa chomerachi ndiye mwayi waukulu wamaluwa awa: popanda kuyesetsa kwambiri, petunias amatha kulimidwa kunyumba komanso m'munda. Komabe, kuti mukwaniritse maluwa owala komanso okhalitsa a petunias, muyenera kudziwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito upangiri wa nkhaniyi.

Zina zambiri

Petunia ndi maluwa osakhwima modabwitsa, mawonekedwe ake ndi maluwa, ofanana ndi galamafoni yaying'ono, komanso zimayambira zopindika, chifukwa chake petunias nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa pakukongoletsa mkati ndi kunja. Kutchuka kwa chomeracho kumafotokozedwanso ndi utoto wake: kuchokera ku pinki yoyera komanso yotuwa mpaka mdima wofiirira. Nthawi zina pamakhala mitundu ya bicolor ndi multicolor.

Dziko lakwawo la petunias ndi madera otentha ku South America, komwe mitundu yoposa makumi atatu ya chomera chodabwitsa ichi yafotokozedwa kale. Kuphulika kwa petunias kumayamba kumapeto kwa Juni ndipo kumatha mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Mitundu yambiri, yoyambirira komanso yosakanizidwa, imakhala yosatha, koma mwanjira zambiri, wamaluwa amasankha kukulitsa ngati chaka chifukwa samalekerera chisanu.

Kodi mbewu imamera liti komanso motalika motani?

Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba kumapeto kwa Juni ndipo imatha mpaka nyengo yoyamba kuzizira. Mitundu yazing'ono yaying'ono imayamba kuphuka patatha masiku 70 mutabzala, ndipo mitundu yayikulu-yayikulu masiku 90-95 mutabzala. Petunia imamera pafupifupi masiku asanu ndi awiri, iliyonse yomwe imamasula imatha masiku asanu.

Petunia ikatha, bokosi la mbewu limapangidwa m'malo mwa inflorescence. Mukadula, mutha kusunga mitundu yosiyanasiyana pakukula kwa petunias nyengo yamawa. Maluwa otayika ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo, popeza chomeracho chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri pakukula kwa nyemba zambewu, pomwe ntchitoyo imachepetsedwa. Mutha kuphunzira momwe mungadzere bwino chomera apa.

Zofunika! Maluwa a Petunia ndiopanda tanthauzo; amatha kufa ndi chinyezi kapena ma drafti. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwunikira kuthirira kwakanthawi komanso kokwanira, komanso kusamalira momwe kutentha kumafunira.

Chifukwa chiyani izi sizikuchitika?

Ngati petunia sichimaphuka patsiku loyembekezeredwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizimvera izi:

Kuchuluka kwa mphika ndi mtunda pakati pa zomera. Kumbukirani kuti petunia ndi chomera chokhala ndi mizu yolimba, chifukwa chake muyenera malita awiri pansi pa chomera chilichonse. Langizo: tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kapena kumuika petunias.
Chinyezi chosakwanira. Petunias amakonda kuthirira madzi ambiri, koma nthawi zambiri safunika kuthiriridwa, apo ayi mizu imatha kuvunda. Kutsirira kofananira ndi msinkhu wazomera. Achinyamata a petunias sayenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka, chifukwa mizu yawo sinakule kwathunthu.
Mulingo wowala wosakwanira. Petunias ndi zomera zokonda kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisankhe malo owala kwambiri komanso owala kwambiri kwa iwo. Dzuwa lowonekera lingawononge masamba a chomeracho, onetsetsani kuti chomeracho chimathiriridwa mokwanira.
Kuperewera kwa chakudya kapena njira yolakwika yolankhulira. Momwe mungadyetse duwa kuti lifalikire kwambiri? Zomera zimafunika feteleza wa nayitrogeni kuti zikule bwino, komanso feteleza wa phosphorous ndi potashi kuti adule. Chifukwa chake, chiwembu chotsatira ndichabwino kwambiri: choyamba, muyenera kuthirira mbewu, kenako perekani feteleza wokwanira kapena wamchere, kenako kuthiraninso madzi ndikuwonjezera feteleza wamchere masamba. Kumbukirani kuchuluka kwa zochita. Sikoyenera kupitirira kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kapena kudyetsa.
Maonekedwe a chomeracho. Kuti chomeracho chiphulike kwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsina pamwamba, ndikusiya masamba asanu. Njirayi idzalimbikitsa kukula kwa mphukira zowonjezera. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuchotsa maluwa ofota nthawi zonse, chifukwa izi zidzakhala zolimbikitsa pamaluwa atsopano.

Kudziwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito maupangiri akukulira petunias, mutha kukwaniritsa maluwa ataliatali, ndipo mosakayikira izi zidzakusangalatsani ndi okondedwa anu.

Zinthu zofunika

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji kukongola kuti aphulike kwambiri? Pakuti, kuti petunias asangalatse ndi mitundu yowala, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge mikhalidwe ingapo... Mwachidziwitso, mutha kudziwa njira zotsatirazi zamaluwa ochulukirapo: chidebe cha kukula koyenera + kuthirira kokwanira + kudyetsa pafupipafupi komanso koyenera + kuchotsa maluwa otayika. Chifukwa chake, zambiri pazonse.

Chidebe cha kukula koyenera. Kumbukirani kuti petunias ali ndi mizu yotukuka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pamafunika nthaka yambiri. Kuwerengera kuyenera kukhala motere: malita asanu a dothi pa petunia. Chifukwa chake, mu chidebe chokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa malita 10, mutha kubzala mbewu ziwiri zokha, m'bokosi la khonde, kutalika kwake ndi mita imodzi, mutha kubzala osaposa ma petunias atatu. Mukabzala mbewu zochulukirapo kuposa momwe zimalimbikitsidwira, ndiye kuti zamphamvuzo zidzagonjetsa zopanda mphamvu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti simungayembekezere maluwa.
Kudyetsa pafupipafupi komanso koyenera. Ndibwino kuti muyambe kudyetsa mbeu patatha milungu iwiri mutatola mbande. Kwa mbewu zazing'ono, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni, amalimbikitsa kukula, ndipo ma petunias akulu amafunika kudyetsedwa ndi phosphorous ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu, chifukwa amathandizira pakupanga masamba.
Kutsirira kokwanira. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti achikulire petunias amakonda zochuluka, koma osathirira pafupipafupi. Zomera zazikulu zimatha kupirira kufota kwanthawi yayitali bwino panthaka. Kumbukirani: ngati mutatsanulira petunia, ndiye kuti itha kukhala ndi "mwendo wakuda".
Kuchotsa maluwa osatha. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizimasula maluwa a petunia, chifukwa izi zimalimbikitsa maluwa atsopano. Langizo: mukawona kuti chomeracho chatsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa nyemba zamaluwa, maluwa okufa ndikudyetsa phosphorous ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu. Petunia adzakhala ndi moyo ndipo pachimake chidzakhala chochuluka.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji kuti iphulike kwambiri?

M'miphika

Upangiri! Tiyenera kunena kuti zabwino za njirayi ndikukula kwakanthawi kofesa, kutola ndi kubzala mbewu. Mwanjira ina iliyonse, iyi ndikupulumutsa bajeti.

Zoyenera kuchita kuti petunias aphulike mwamphamvu komanso modabwitsa? Pofuna kutalikitsa maluwa a petunias mumiphika, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chisamaliro pakufalikira ndikutsatira malamulo angapo:

Tikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira mbewu munthawi yake komanso yokwanira, komanso kumasula nthaka. Kutsegula kumapangitsa mpweya wabwino kufikira mizu, yomwe ipindule maluwa.
Chomera chikakhetsa masamba onse ndi maluwa, muyenera kupitiliza kuthirira, koma musakhale achangu: kamodzi pa sabata ndikwanira. Werengani momwe mungasungire petunia nthawi yachisanu.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndikofunikira kuthirira kwambiri ndikuonetsetsa kuti mukudyetsa mbewu ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni, kuti masamba adzakhale ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira ndikuyamba kukula mwachangu. Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kudumphira pamwamba pa chomeracho kuti chikule.
Kumapeto kwa Meyi, miphika yokhala ndi petunias imatha kutulutsidwa panja, koma muyenera kuwunika kutentha kwa mpweya ndipo, mwina, muzibweretsa mnyumbamo usiku kuti zisawonongeke ndi chisanu. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, chomeracho chiyenera kuyamba kuphuka kwambiri. Pakadali pano mutha kupanga chisankho: siyani ma petunias kuti aphulike m'miphika kapena kuwaika panja.

M'miphika yamaluwa

Pofuna kutalikitsa maluwa a petunias m'miphika yamaluwa ndikusangalala ndi zovala zawo zowala nthawi yonse yotentha, ndikofunikira kuti petunias akule m'nthaka yachonde. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yolemera ndi humus ndi zinthu zina monga potaziyamu, nayitrogeni, calcium, phosphorous, iron, ndi zina zambiri. Komanso, tikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa petunias pafupipafupi pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wokonzekera maluwa.

Tisaiwale za kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi kutsina kwazomera zomwe mwakula.... Ngati mukukana kutsina, petunia idzatambasula kwambiri, chifukwa chake, zimayambira zimakhala pansi kapena zimangokhala zopanda kanthu m'mphepete mwa mphika.

Mwambiri, malamulo osamalira petunias mumiphika yamaluwa samasiyana kwambiri ndi kuwasamalira iwo mumiphika. Ingokumbukirani chilinganizo: dothi labwino + lokhalitsa kudula + pafupipafupi komanso kuthirira kokwanira + kutsina ndipo mbewu zidzakhala ndi maluwa okongola!

Kodi kutsina molondola?

Chifukwa kuti petunia asangalale ndi diresi lokongola, ndikofunikira kutsina nthawi zonse... Komabe, izi ziyenera kuchitika chomera chikatha komanso malinga ndi malamulo, apo ayi mutha kuwononga.

Muyenera kutsitsa gawo la mphukira, osachepera 3-4 cm, chifukwa ngati mutachotsa nsonga yokha ya mphukira, ndiye kuti mphukira zomwe zimamera pamalopo zitha kutuluka mphepo yamphamvu, komanso, chomeracho chimatha kukula ndikumamasula ndiye simungadikire konse.
Ndondomeko yolumikizira iyenera kuchitika pamene zimayambira pambali ya chomeracho, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pamene zimayambira patali zimakula mpaka masentimita 10-15, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mubwereze njirayi. Kutsina kumayenera kubwerezedwa mpaka chomeracho chikakhala chobiriwira.
Zofunika! Ndikofunika kufupikitsa kwa zimayambira, ndikofunikira kudyetsa, apo ayi chomeracho chitha kutaya mphamvu pakukula kwambiri ndikufooka.

Mapeto

Chifukwa chake, kuti petunia akusangalatseni ndi chivundikiro chokongola komanso chowala maluwa nthawi yotentha, yesetsani kutsatira malamulo osavuta omwe ngakhale oyamba kumene kulima amatha kuthana nawo: