Kodi mitundu ing'onoing'ono ya petunias amatchedwa chiyani? Makhalidwe a chomera ndi kuchisamalira

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Mini petunia ndizitsamba zosatha zomwe zili m'banja la Solanaceae. Maluwa omwe amapangidwa kuchokera maluwa odabwitsa awa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa maofesi, nyumba, makonde, gazebos.

Chodziwika bwino cha mini-petunia ndikumakana kwake ndi nyengo yoipa. Izi zimakuthandizani kukulitsa chomeracho mdera lililonse mdzikolo.

Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunzira momwe akuwonekera, momwe angamusamalire.

Kulongosola kwa botanical ndi mbiri yakomwe idachokera

Nthawi yoyamba petunia idapezeka pafupi ndi Uruguay mu 1770... Ankafanana ndi Fodya ndipo adayamba kutchedwa Nicotiana axillaris. Anali petunias, omwe ali m'gulu la nightshade, omwe adakhala chomera patatha zaka 10. Koma masiku ano pali mitundu yokha yamaluwa yosakanizidwa. Kwa nthawi yoyamba kusakanizidwa kunachitika mu 1835, chifukwa chake kuthawa, mitundu yayikulu yothamanga komanso mitundu yambiri ya petunias idapezeka.

Malangizo! Mini petunia ndi tchire lomwe limatha kutalika kwa masentimita 25. Pali ma inflorescence ang'onoang'ono owala pamenepo. Ndizosavuta komanso zopangidwa ndi fanizo, ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi 2.5-4 cm.

Zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi zawo

Chotsatira, mutha kudzidziwitsa nokha mayina amitundu yaying'ono yamaluwa ndikuwawona pachithunzicho.

Nsomba yakuda yamchere

Izi ndi mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri yazosangalatsa. Amadziwika ndi maluwa oyambirira, momwe masamba angapo amatseguka nthawi imodzi. Chitsambacho chimakhala chanthambi komanso chofewa. Ndipo maluwa amatenga nyengo yonse. Ma inflorescence ndi ofanana ndi mafelemu, m'mimba mwake 4-5 masentimita.Mtundu wawo ndi wokongola - nsomba. Petunias a mndandandawu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa makonde, loggias ndi malo otseguka. Mbali polimbana ndi nyengo.

Mirage F1 Mndandanda

Ichi ndi petunia yaying'ono, yomwe kutalika kwake ndi 25-35 cm... Mndandanda uwu umaphatikiza mitundu ya haibridi ndi mitundu 25 yosiyanasiyana. Mutha kupeza maluwa okhala ndi mitsempha yowala, monochromatic, yokhala ndi malo owala komanso mbali zakuda.

Zopeka F1 Blue

Ichi ndi petunia yaying'ono yazing'ono ziwiri, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 20-25. Chitsambacho ndichophatikizika, chowongolera mozungulira. Maluwawo ndi ochepa, m'mimba mwake ndi masentimita 2.5-4. Mitunduyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa ambiri, kukana chisanu.

Cinderella F1 Pepo

Chigawo cha zosiyanasiyana mu nthambi ya nthambi. Amapanga ma peduncles ambiri. Kukula kwa tchire kumakhala kokwanira, kutalika kwa masentimita 20. Mtundu wa maluwawo ndi wosakhwima ndipo nthawi yomweyo wowoneka wofiirira. Zosiyanasiyana ndizosankha za michere.

Kufikira

Ntchito zodzala ziyenera kuchitidwa potsatira dongosolo lotsatirali:

Mbewu ingabzalidwe mwachindunji pamalo otseguka kapena m'mbuyomu. Kubzala kuyenera kuchitika koyambirira kwa Marichi.
Kuti muchite izi, dzazani chidebecho ndi nthaka yopatsa thanzi, perekani mbewu pamwamba pake ndikunyowa pang'ono ndi botolo la kutsitsi.
Phimbani pamwamba ndi zojambulazo ndipo dikirani kuti mphukira ziziwonekera masiku asanu.
Adzafunika kukonza mosamala. Zimaphatikizapo kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kawiri patsiku komanso kupezeka kwa kuyatsa. Ngati ndi kotheka, sungani mbande m'miphika yosiyana. Izi zidzalola mizu kukula bwino.
Pakatikati mwa Meyi, chiwopsezo cha chisanu chikatha, mutha kubzala petunia pabedi lamaluwa. Pokhapokha, penyani kutalika kwa 15-30 cm.

Zofunika panthaka

Mini petunia imafuna dothi lotayirira komanso lopatsa thanzi. Ndibwino kuti muziphika nokha, pogwiritsa ntchito masamba a masamba, mabotolo ovunda, mchenga ndi peat - 2: 2: 1: 2.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Mini petunia imakonda kumera m'dera lotentha komanso lowala. Ndiye idzaphuka ndikupweteka pang'ono.

Zofunika! Popanda kuwala, mphukira za maluwa zimatambasula, ndipo kuchuluka kwa inflorescence kumachepa.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji moyenera?

Kuthirira

Petunia amatha kuchita bwino popanda madzi kwakanthawi. Chifukwa chake zili bwino ngati simungathe kuthirira mkati mwa masiku 4-5. Koma pakukula bwino kwake ndi maluwa ake, pamafunika kuthirira madzi pafupipafupi. Mukamwetsa, tsitsani madzi pazu kuti usagwe maluwa.

Ngati mukukula petunias pamakonde, ndiye nthawi yotentha, kuthilira kumachitika madzulo ndi m'mawa, komanso kupopera mbewu. Onetsetsani kuti madontho amadzi ndi ochepa. Ndiye palibe kangaude yoopsa. Petunia kusakaniza kupirira kuthira madzi, koma madzi osayenda. Mvula ikagwa mumsewu, chomeracho chimasiya kufalikira ndikusiya zokongoletsa.

Zovala zapamwamba

Kuti chitukuko chikule bwino komanso maluwa ambiri, ma petunias aang'ono amafunika kudyetsa. Ikani tsiku lililonse masiku 7-10, ndikuyamba kuyambira nthawi yobzala ndikupitilira mpaka Ogasiti. Pofuna kudyetsa, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza ovuta kwambiri ndi potaziyamu wambiri. Amaloledwa kuwonjezera humus ndi kompositi, koma siziyenera kukhala zatsopano, apo ayi zitsogolera kukulitsa matenda a fungal.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

Kulima koyenera kwa mini petunias kumateteza matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda... Kupanda kutero, maluwawo amatha kudwala:

Mdima ndi kuvunda konyowa... Mawanga ofiira owala amapanga maluwa, zimayambira ndi masamba. Patapita kanthawi, amaphimbidwa ndi imvi. Chifukwa chachikulu cha kukula kwa matendawa ndi chinyezi cham'mlengalenga, kutentha pang'ono, komanso feteleza wochulukirapo wa nayitrogeni. Pofuna kupewa matenda, pewani kubzala wandiweyani, sungani madzi okwanira ndikupewa kutentha kwambiri. Koma chomeracho sichingapulumutsidwe. Amatayidwa ndi nthaka.
Nsabwe za m'masamba... Ngati kuwonongeka kwakukulu, chitani chomeracho ndi ndege yolimba yamadzi. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Powdery mildew... Zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha komanso kutentha kwa mpweya. Masamba ndi maluwa aphimbidwa ndi maluwa oyera. Chotsani ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi petunia, ndipo chitani maluwawo ndi sulfure.

Zoswana

Muyenera kuchotsa petunia m'munda ndikubzala mumphika kugwa. Pakatha nthawi yina kuti athe kupumula, chomeracho chimatha kuphukanso. Petunia imafalikiranso ndi zidutswa. Izi ndizowona kwa ma hybrids, chifukwa ndizosatheka kupeza mbewu kuchokera kwa iwo.

Pofuna kulumikiza, chotsani zoyeserera m'munda, kenako kuziyika pamalo osungira bwino nthawi yozizira.
Mu March, dulani cuttings kuchokera ku chomeracho.
Chotsani masamba apansi, ndikusiya awiriawiri 2-3 okha pamwamba.
Musanadzalemo, ikani Kornevin kwa mphindi zochepa.
Ikani cuttings m'madzi kuti muzu rooting, kapena mutha kuwamangirira nthawi yomweyo, ndikuphimba ndi polyethylene.
Masamba atsopano akangoyamba kupanga, chotsani polyethylene kuti mbewuyo izolowere kuzizira pang'ono.
Pakatha sabata limodzi, chotsani chophimba chonse.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Mukamakula mini petunias, zovuta izi ndizotheka:

Amasiya kupiringa... Chifukwa chachikulu ndi kupezeka kwa kangaude. Ma punctures ang'onoang'ono amawoneka pamasamba, ndipo pali chingwe pakati pa masamba. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo, chitani duwa ndi acaricide. Chifukwa chotsatira chakuthwa kwa masamba ndi chinyezi chochepa komanso kutentha kwamlengalenga. Kenako chomeracho chimayesetsa kusunga chinyezi, kukulunga masamba ndikuchepetsa malo amvula.
Masamba amasanduka achikasu... Vuto limabuka ndikusowa kwa kuwala ndi feteleza. Kwenikweni, chikasu ndi chizindikiro cha chlorosis, kusowa kwachitsulo. Mbale ya masamba pakati pamitsempha imataya utoto, ndipo nsonga za tchire zimawala. Zinthu zidzakonzedwa ndikubwezera kuchepa kwa kuyatsa ndi chitsulo. Komanso kwa mini petunias, magnesium ndiyofunikira, yomwe chomeracho chimatenga masamba. Ndi kusowa kwake, masamba amagwa, amatembenukira chikasu.
Chidutswa pamasamba. Ngati chilimwe chili chozizira komanso chamvula, ndiye kuti petunia nthawi zambiri imakhudzidwa ndi bowa. Powdery mildew amakhalabe chifukwa chachikulu chonyowa. Amaphimba masamba ndi zokutira za siliva. Matenda otsatirawa ndi kuwola imvi. Amapanga mawanga pagulu la masamba. Mbande zazing'ono m'malo achinyezi nthawi zambiri zimamwalira chifukwa cha mizu yowola. Poyamba kuzindikira matendawa, chitani chomeracho ndi fungicides.
Maluwa osabereka pa petunia... Pakakhala maluwa ambiri, chomeracho chimafuna nthaka yathanzi komanso yopatsa thanzi. Podzala, chidebechi chiyenera kukhala chokwanira kuti mizu ikhale yabwino. Ikani michere ya michere nthawi zonse kuti matope a nthaka asathe. Chotsani masamba ofota ndi maluwa osabereka.
Upangiri! Nthawi zina pofika pakati pa chilimwe, maluwa amakhala osowa. Pachifukwa ichi ndikofunikira kupanga kudulira koyambirira. Pogwira ntchitoyo, fupikitsa mphukira mwa 1/3, ndikuwadyetsa. Pali maluwa osabereka pakati pa mbande zomwe sizinapezeko mphamvu. Koma patapita kanthawi, zomerazo zimatha kusintha ndikuchita pachimake.

Petunia mini ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wamaluwa., yomwe imakula makamaka kutchire. Samasankha pankhani yosamalira, imamasula kwambiri komanso kwanthawi yayitali, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakupatsani mwayi wokhala pabedi loyambirira komanso lowala.

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