Zomwe zimasankhidwa ndikukonzekera nthaka ndi feteleza zokulirapo makangaza m'nyumba ndi kutchire

Makangaza ndi chikhalidwe chakale, ndipo zipatso zake zimabweretsa zabwino zopanda thanzi. Kuchepetsa makangaza ndi kotheka m'nyumba zanyumba komanso kutchire.

Kuti makangaza azigwira ntchito bwino, ndikofunikira kuti mpweya ufike kumizu, chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso chakudya chambiri m'nthaka. Kodi mungachite bwanji?

Ganizirani zomwe zalembedwa pansipa zomwe zasankhidwa ndikukonzekera dothi ndi feteleza zokulirapo makangaza amkati ndi akunja.

Kufunika kwa nthaka yoyenera

Khangaza silimakonda nthaka - limakula bwino pamatope, miyala yosweka ndi dothi lamchenga, osalowerera ndale kapena calcareous. Pa dothi lodzaza ndi chinyezi, lokwanira bwino, limapereka zipatso zabwino kwambiri.

Makangaza omwe amakula panthaka yokonzedwa bwino amatulutsa maluwa ambiri okhala ndi zokongoletsa nthawi yoyamba maluwa ndipo, motero, amabala zipatso zambiri.

Makangaza omwe amakula panthaka yosakonzekera bwino amachepetsa kapena kulepheretsa kukula ndi maluwa, amasiya kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Kodi ndi nthaka yanji yomwe ikufunika?

Nthaka yosakanikirana ndi chikhalidwe cha makangaza kunyumba imakonzedwa kuchokera pazinthu zinayi: sod ndi nthaka yamasamba, mchenga ndi humus mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 1: 1: 0.5.

Malangizo ndi tsatane-tsatane pokonzekera nthaka yobzala m'nyumba

Kukonzekera chisakanizo chadothi cha makangaza amkati:

1. Mchenga wamtsinje uyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi kuti muchotse dothi lokwanira.
2. Zomwe zimapangidwazo zimasakanizidwa moyenera, zozunguliridwa kapena zoswedwa - ziphuphu ziyenera kukula kwa nsawawa.
3. Nthaka yomwe imatulutsidwa imachotsedwa m'madzi osambira kwa ola limodzi.

Pansi pa beseni mumayalidwa ndi dothi lokulitsa, dongo kapena mchenga wolimba, ndikusakaniza kwa nthaka.

Kukonzekera kwa nthaka yobzala pansi

Gawo lirilonse malangizo okonzera chisakanizo chadothi popangira mtengo wamakangaza:

1. Dziko la Sod - m'madambo ndi minda, zigawo za nthaka ndi turf zimadulidwa, zodzikongoletsera pawiri ndi udzu wina ndi mnzake, kuthiriridwa. Pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri, nthaka yathanzi imapezeka yomwe imatha kuthiriridwa ndi madzi ndi mpweya.
2. Malo a masamba - masamba olimba, kupatula thundu, msondodzi ndi mabokosi, amatola milu yophukira. Tembenuzani ndi kuwaza nthawi zonse.

   Pofuna kuthetsa acidity wochuluka wa gawo lapansi, laimu wothira amawonjezeredwa m'masamba - 500 g / m³. M'zaka ziwiri, nthaka yachonde yamasamba imapezeka.
3. Manyowa okonzedwa kuchokera ku dothi ndi zinthu zilizonse zachilengedwe - manyowa, udzu watsopano, udzu, udzu, zinyalala zakhitchini. Mtengo wosanjikiza wamasentimita 25 umadzaza ndi masentimita 4 a dziko lapansi. Muluwo umathiriridwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Manyowa amakhala okonzeka zinthu zakuthambo zikawonongeka kwathunthu.
4. Mchenga gwiritsani ntchito mtsinje, wosambitsidwa mwachilengedwe.

Zosakaniza zimasakanizidwa ndikudzazidwa mu ngalande kapena dzenje lobzala.

Kapangidwe kake ndi mtengo wa chisakanizo chogulidwa

Zosakaniza zingapo zimapezeka pakukula makangazaokhala ndi michere yonse yofunikira.

Dothi lokonzekera chowombera grenade, kapangidwe kake ndi mtengo wake.

Dzina	Kapangidwe	Voliyumu (L)	Mtengo mu ma ruble
			Ku Moscow	Ku St.
Hera "Dziko Labwino"	Peat; mchenga wamtsinje; feteleza ovuta kuphatikiza ufa wa dolomite.	10	91	95
Bio-nthaka "Mpweya"	Peat; vermiculite; mchenga; mwala wosweka bwino; ufa wa dolomite; manyowa.	40	359	365
Peter Peat "Munda"	Peat nthaka ndi hydroreagent.	10	94	98
Zotsalira "Minda Yaku Russia"	Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza nthaka	5	95	91
Hera "3 D" konsekonse kunyumba ndi kumunda	Peat; mchenga; feteleza wovuta; ufa wa dolomite.	50	300	303

Zosakaniza zokonzeka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala ndi kubzala mbewu, komanso kudzaza kapena kusintha nthaka.

Mtengo wa feteleza wa shrub

Makangaza amavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamafuta. Zovala zapamwamba zimachitika mbewu zikamazika mizu. Zizindikiro zakusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi:

• nayitrogeni - kukula kumachedwetsa, masamba amasintha;
• phosphorous - kukula, kukula kwa mizu ndi maluwa;
• potaziyamu - mawanga a bulauni ndi zotentha zimawoneka pamasamba;
• kashiamu - mfundo zakukula kwa mizu ndi pamwamba zimakhudzidwa;
• magnesium- ndondomeko ya kupuma kwa chomera yasokonekera, masamba amasanduka otumbululuka;
• chitsulo - masamba amatembenukira achikaso, makangaza akutsalira kumbuyo pakukula;
• manganese - masamba azipiringa, chitukuko chimachedwetsa;
• Zamgululi - maluwa ofooka, kukula kumatha;
• nthaka - masamba ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mawanga otumbululuka.

Ndi michere yochulukirapo mumakangaza, pali kutsetsereka kwa tchire, kutentha masamba, ndikumangidwa kwakukula.

Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji zovala zapamwamba?

1. Mu gawo la kukula, maluwa ndi kumayambiriro kwa fruiting - nthawi yotentha.
2. Atangochotsa malo okhala m'nyengo yozizira kuzomera, amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni.
3. Makangaza amkati amadyetsedwa pakukula kwamasabata awiri aliwonse ndi feteleza ovuta.

Kodi muyenera kuthira manyowa liti?

Njala yamchere imaweruzidwa ndi mawonekedwe a chomeracho. - pamenepa, kudyetsa ndi zinthu zofunika kumachitika. Kuphatikiza kwa mizu ndi kuvala masamba kumapereka zotsatira zabwino.

Mitundu ya zosakaniza

Maminolo ndi feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso feteleza wama micronutrient okhala ndi zinthu zofunika kuzomera pang'ono.

Okonzeka

Manyowa okonzeka, omwe amaphatikizapo zakudya zonse, angagulidwe m'masitolo apadera.

Dzina	Mtundu	Chitani	Voliyumu	Mtengo mu ma ruble
				Ku Moscow	Ku St.
Mphamvu yofewa ya mitengo yazipatso	Manyowa a akavalo bioconcentrate	Zimalimbikitsa kukula ndi mizu	1L	132	139
Ndowe za nkhuku	Granules youma	Kuchulukitsa chonde m'nthaka	5 makilogalamu	286	280
Potaziyamu humate	Microfertilizer	Kuchulukitsa kukana matenda ndi tizirombo	10 g	22	25
Iron chelate	Microfertilizer	Ndi kusowa kwachitsulo	10 g	22	24
Turbo yazaumoyo	Ufa	Zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu, kumawonjezera nthawi yozizira	150 g	74	76
Urea	Ufa	Zimathandizira kukula ndi chitukuko	1 makilogalamu	92	91
Dunamis	Biofertilizer imawonjezeredwa panthaka nthawi yobzala komanso ngati kuvala mizu	Alemeretsa nthaka	1 malita	93	90

Manyowa omalizidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamalitsa monga mwa malangizo.

Kodi kudyetsa iwo?

1. Kudyetsa muzu kumachitika motere: kuchepetsa 8-10 ml mu madzi okwanira 1 litre, onjezerani pansi pa muzu mukatha kuthirira.
2. Kuvala kwa masamba kumachitika motere: kuchepetsa 4-5 ml mu madzi okwanira 1 litre, perekani chomeracho madzulo.
3. Musanagwiritse ntchito njira yodyetsera mizu, m'pofunika kuthirira mbewuyo.
4. Mukamadyetsa masamba, chomeracho chimakwanira bwino ndi mayankho ochepera.
5. Mtengo wodwala sudyetsedwa.

Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana posankha?

Gulani feteleza opangira zipatso ndi mabulosi... Samalani momwe zimapangidwira: povala amatenga feteleza ovuta, kuti abwezeretsenso chosowa - feteleza wochulukirapo.

Zachilengedwe

Manyowa achilengedwe ndi humus, zitosi za mbalame zowola kapena manyowa a ziweto.

Pazovala zapamwamba, mayankho a feteleza organic amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe ali ndi zinthu zonse zofunika ndikukhala ndi nthawi yayitali.

Momwe zimasiyanirana ndi omwe agulidwa - zabwino ndi zoyipa

Manyowa achilengedwe amathandizira kuti mabakiteriya opindulitsa a nthaka azigwira bwino ntchito, omwe amasintha mankhwala omwe ndi ovuta kufikirira kuti mbeu ikhale yosavuta kugaya.

Zoyipa zake zikuphatikiza mtengo wa feteleza komanso zovuta zakukonzekera.

Kodi mungachite bwanji nokha?

Pokonzekera mavalidwe, feteleza wachilengedwe amalowetsedwa m'madzi kwa masiku angapo.

Gawo ndi gawo malangizo ophika:

1. Yankho: dzazani chidebecho mpaka theka la ndowe za nkhuku, ndowe za akavalo kapena ng'ombe, mudzaze ndi madzi mpaka pakamwa, kusiya masiku awiri. Setsani zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi madzi - mpaka malita 12 a madzi 1 litre osakaniza. Ikani monga kuvala mizu.
2. Manyowa ophatikizana ndi feteleza amchere: mullein kapena ndowe za mbalame, zimatsanulira theka mu mbiya, kutsanulira madzi ndikusunga masiku asanu. Sakanizani 1 litre wa uterine kulowetsedwa ndi 10 malita a madzi. Mukamadyetsa 0,5 malita a yankho, onjezerani 1 g wa superphosphate ndi 0,5 g wa ammonium nitrate.
3. Lolani kompositi kapena humus ziime (0-0-0.7 makilogalamu 10 pa madzi) kwa masiku awiri, ndikuyambitsa pafupipafupi. Kugwiritsa ntchito masterbatch yodyetsa - 0,5 malita pa chidebe chamadzi.

M'mikhalidwe yabwino, masamba osakhazikika a makangaza, ngati chikhalidwe, amasamba mosalekeza kuyambira Epulo mpaka nthawi yophukira, ndipo patatha zaka 2-3 imayamba kubala zipatso. M'madera otentha, makangaza amakula ndikukula poyera, kulimbana ndi chisanu mpaka 10-12º C.

Onerani kanemayo: African Safari Accommodations. Thomson Safaris Nyumba Camps (June 2024).