Pafupifupi mandimu yobiriwira ya Pavlovsky. Kusamalira iye kunyumba, kubzala mbewu, matenda ndi tizirombo

Ndimu ya Pavlovsky ndi chomera chobiriwira nthawi zonse chokhala ndi zipatso zokoma komanso zathanzi. Pofuna kusamalira chisamaliro ndi maluwa okongola, ndizofala pakati pa wamaluwa.

Zimakwanira bwino mkatimo ndipo zimakhala zokongoletsa zake. Tikuuzani zambiri za chomera chodabwitsa ichi ndikugawana zinsinsi za kulima kwake, ndikuwonetsanso momwe mandimu a Pavlovsky, maluwa ake ndi zipatso zimawonekera pachithunzichi.

Kufotokozera kwa botanical

Ndimu ya Pavlovsky - chomera chokhazikika, banja la Rutaceae... Mu 1860, wamalonda waku Russia I.S. Karachistov adapita ku Turkey ndipo ndipamene adapatsidwa mphatso ya mbande za mandimu. Atabwerera kwawo kumzinda wa Pavlovo pa Oka, adawapereka kwa wachibale wake E.D. Elagin, yemwe adaganiza zokulitsa pawindo. Posakhalitsa, ndimu idakongoletsa nyumba za anthu ambiri okhala mumzinda uno.

M'nthawi ya Soviet, asayansi achita chidwi ndi chomeracho, yemwe adawerenga, ndikutulutsa mabuku ambiri. Pambuyo pake idatchuka ku Russia konse ndipo idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza zachuma.

Kufotokozera kwa mawonekedwe, maluwa ndi zipatso ndi zithunzi za chomeracho

Chomeracho chimafika kutalika kwa mita 1-1.5... Korona ndi wozungulira, mu mphukira zazing'ono zobiriwira zobiriwira, mwa akulu umakhala wobiriwira. Nthambizo ndizofalikira pansi, zonse zimakhala ndi minga komanso zopanda minga. Masambawo ndi akulu, amitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira oval mpaka lonse lanceolate. Tsamba lake ndi loboola ngati mphero, lotsogozedwa pang'ono pamwamba, mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira.

Ndimu Pavlovsky imamasula kawiri pachaka mchaka ndi nthawi yophukira. Maluwawo ndi akulu, amisanu, oyera ndi achikasu achikasu. Calyx ndi yaing'ono, yamasamba. Mapangidwe a Bud amatha masiku 30-40.

Patatha zaka 3 mizu ya cuttings itabereka, zipatso mpaka masentimita 10. Zimakhala zosalala, zowala zachikaso komanso khungu la 5 mm. Chitsamba chimodzi chimakhala ndi zipatso pafupifupi 7-10. Mbeu 5-7 pa zipatso.

Kodi ndizosiyana bwanji ndi mitundu ina?

Ndimu ya Pavlovsky ndi chomera chodzipangira mungu. Chaka chonse, imatha kuphuka ndikukhazikitsa zipatso, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina. Nthawi yomweyo, chipatso chimakhala chowawira, wowawasa kwambiri komanso wonunkhira. Ngati sanadulidwe nthawi yomweyo, amatha kukhala panthambi zopitilira chaka. Kupatula pachimake chokongola, masamba a chomera amasanduka nthunzi, yomwe imatsuka mpweya wa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.

Kusamalira kunyumba

Chomeracho ndi chodzichepetsa kuti chisamalire ndikusinthasintha bwino kukhala m'nyumba. Chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira malamulo ena okhutira.

Kutentha

Kutentha kwakukulu kosunga mandimu mchaka ndi chilimwe ndi madigiri 18-20. M'nyengo yozizira, amatsitsa mpaka madigiri 13-15. Koma ngati sizotheka kusunga chomeracho, ndiye kuti mandimu amawunikiranso ndikuthiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda otenthedwa mpaka madigiri 30.

Kuthirira

Thirani mtengowo moyenera komanso pafupipafupi... M'nyengo yotentha dothi lapamwamba liuma. Masiku otentha tsiku lililonse. Pachifukwa ichi, madzi amayenera kulowa pachabe, kenako nkutsanulidwa. Nthawi yopuma, kuchepa ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepa, pafupifupi kamodzi masiku 6-9. Madzi amatengedwa kutentha kapena kusefedwa.

Ndimu imakonda chinyezi chokwanira, motero chomeracho chimapopera tsiku ndi tsiku. Zimathandizanso kuti zipatso zizikhala zokoma. M'nyengo yozizira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndikotheka, ingopukutani masambawo ndi nsalu yonyowa.

Kuwala

Chomeracho chimakonda kuwala kowala kwambiri... Amamva bwino m'mawindo akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Kumazenera akum'mwera, mandimu imasulidwa kuchokera kumayendedwe owonekera a dzuwa. Nthawi yonseyi, ma phytolamp amaikidwa patali masentimita 50-60 pamwamba pamtengo.

Ndimu ya Pavlovsky sichiyanjana ndi kusintha kwa kutentha ndi ma drafti, chifukwa kusintha kwakanthawi kwamalamulo kumatha kubweretsa kugwa kwamasamba ndi kufa, chifukwa chake, mphika wamaluwa womwe uli ndi duwa suloledwa kukhala panja.

Kuyambitsa

Chomeracho chimakula bwino m'nthaka yowala, yachonde, yotayirira yomwe imalola mpweya ndi chinyezi kudutsa.

Gawo lokhala ndi zipatso lokonzekera lingagulidwe kusitolo... Kapena muziphike nokha, chifukwa cha izi zimasakanikirana mofanana:

• nthaka ya sod ndi masamba;
• mchenga;
• peat;
• humus.

Kudulira

Kupanga chomeracho kukhala chokongoletsera komanso chopatsa zipatso, korona amapangidwa. Njirayi ili ndi izi:

1. Kumapeto kwa February, pamwamba pake pamadulidwa, pomwe masamba 3-4 amatsala.
2. Chaka chotsatira, nthambi zatsopano zimapangidwa, pomwe nsongazo zimadulidwanso ndipo masamba awiri atsala.
3. M'tsogolomu, nthambi zikuluzikulu 5-9 zidzatulukira, pomwe padzakhala nthambi zamalamulo 3-4.

Fruiting, zimangochitika pa nthambi za dongosolo la 4. Kudulira ukhondo kumachotsa masamba owuma, owonongeka komanso achikaso.

Kwa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira, maluwa onse a mandimu amachotsedwa ndipo zipatso siziloledwa kukhazikika, chifukwa mizuyo idafowokerabe. M'tsogolomu, chaka chilichonse kuchuluka kwamaluwa omwe atsala kumawonjezeka.

Zovala zapamwamba

Kudya koyamba kumachitika mtengowu ukafika zaka ziwiri... Kuti muchite izi, pezani feteleza wothirira zipatso za zipatso. Musanawonjezere mandimu, kuthiriridwa mokwanira, izi zimateteza mizu kuti isapseke. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa organic kuchokera ku manyowa a nkhuku kapena manyowa.

Mphika

Zoumbaumba, matabwa kapena miphika ya pulasitiki ndioyenera kukulitsa bwato la Pavlovsky. Sankhani zotengera zokhala ndi malo ochepetsetsa, ndipo m'mimba mwake mulitali mofanana ndi kutalika kwake. Mukamabzala mbewu, mphika wa maluwa umatengedwa 2-3 cm kuposa wakale.

Tumizani

Ikani mandimu mumphika watsopano zaka ziwiri zilizonsemizu ikangotenga malo onse mumphika. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kumayambiriro kwa masika. Njirayi ndi iyi:

1. Chingwe chadothi lokulitsidwa kapena miyala yamiyala yamtsinje imayikidwa mu chidebe chatsopano, dothi laling'ono limatsanuliridwa pamwamba.
2. Ndimu imachotsedwa mosamala mumtsuko wamaluwa, mizu yake imagwedezeka pansi ndikuyesedwa ngati mizu yovunda.
3. Chomeracho chimayikidwa pakati pa mphika watsopano, ma voids adadzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi komanso osapepuka.

Mukabzala, mtengowo umathiriridwa kwambiri ndikuikidwa pamalo otentha ndikuunikira bwino.

Nyengo yozizira

Nthawi yonseyi, kutentha kumatsika mpaka madigiri 13-15... Kutsirira kumachepetsedwa 1 nthawi sabata. Ndipo mavalidwe apamwamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pamwezi. Nthawi yomweyo, nyengo yozizira siyofunikira ndimu ya Pavlovsky monga mitundu ina, mutha kungopatsa kuyatsa kowonjezera ndi kuthirira ndi madzi ofunda otenthedwa mpaka madigiri a 30 panthawiyi, kenako chomeracho chidzaphuka ndikukula kwambiri, ngati kuti panali nthawi yogona.

Makhalidwe a chisamaliro chakunja

Ndimu ya Pavlovsky siyibzalidwe pamalo otseguka, chifukwa siyimalekerera chisanu ndi ma drafti. Chomeracho sichimatengedwera m'munda kapena pa loggia, ngakhale nthawi yotentha, popeza kusintha kwa kutentha kumapangitsa kugwa kwamasamba ndi kusowa kwa zipatso.

Zoswana

Kuti tipeze chomera chatsopano, mandimu amafalikira kunyumba. Izi zachitika m'njira ziwiri:

1. Mbewu... Mbewu zimachotsedwa pamtengowo, zimatsukidwa bwino ndikuuma. Kenako anaika mu yopyapyala yonyowa pokonza, amene nthawi wothira. Ziphukira zikawoneka, zimakulitsidwa ndi 1-2 masentimita mu gawo lapansi ndikuthirira. Phimbani ndi zojambulazo pamwamba. Khalani mu chipinda ofunda, nthawi zonse mpweya wabwino ndi utsi. Masamba oyamba akawoneka, wowonjezera kutentha amachotsedwa, ndipo zimamera ndikuziika m'makontena osiyana.
2. Zodula... Phesi lokhala ndi masamba 4-5 limadulidwa kuchokera ku mtengo wa mayi; kudula kumathandizidwa ndi muzu. Chosanjikiza chimayikidwa pansi pa chidebecho ndikuthira nthaka. Phimbani ndi mtsuko pamwamba. Sungani ndi kutentha nthawi ndi nthawi. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, amamera.

Zomera zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku cuttings zimasunga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mandimu bwino.

Kukhwima

Kukula kwa zipatso kumatha miyezi 8-9 mutatha maluwa... Gawo lokolola limatha masiku 30-40. Kukula kosakwanira, njira zokulira zimatha kutenga miyezi 10-12. Zipatsozo zitasanduka zachikasu komanso zofewa, zokolola. Dulani ndi lumo. Ngati sanasonkhanitsidwe munthawi yake, amapitiliza kukula, ndikusandulanso wobiriwira ndipo pamapeto pake amasiya kukoma.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Kusasamala bwino kungayambitse mavuto awa:

1. Gommoz... Zimachitika nthaka ikakhala ndi chonde. Masamba amagwa, ndipo mbali yakumunsi ya makungwawo amafa. Chomeracho chimathandizidwa mwachangu ndi mkuwa sulphate kapena Bordeaux osakaniza.
2. Mizu yowola... Amawonekera nthaka ikafika madzi ambiri. Kuti apulumutsidwe ndi chipulumutso, mandimu amaikidwa mu nthaka yatsopano. Pakusintha, mizu imatsukidwa ndi madzi, ziwalo zonse zowola zimachotsedwa ndikuchiritsidwa ndi potaziyamu permanganate.

Komanso chomeracho nthawi zambiri chimagwidwa:

• zipsera;
• kangaude;
• mealybug.

Ndi chotupa chofooka, masamba amapukutidwa ndi nsalu yoviikidwa m'madzi a sopo. Pakakhala kuwonongeka kwakukulu, mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ndimu ya Pavlovsky ndi chomera chobiriwira chomwe chimakula bwino m'nyumba... Kuzisamalira sikuli kovuta, chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira malangizowo, kuthira ndi kuthira manyowa munthawi yake, kupereka kuwala kofunikira ndi chinyezi, kenako zidzakhala zokongoletsa nyumba iliyonse.

Onerani kanemayo: לימונענע גרוס тертый рубленый лимонад Limonene Gross (September 2024).