Pamukkale, Turkey: 4 zokopa zazikulu za nyanjayi

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Pamukkale (Turkey) ndi malo achilengedwe omwe amapezeka kumwera chakumadzulo kwa dzikolo, 16 km kuchokera mumzinda wa Denizli. Kupatula kwake m'derali kuli akasupe ake otentha, omwe amapangidwa pakati pa ma travertine deposits. Kumasuliridwa kuchokera ku Turkey, Pamukkale amatanthauza "Cotton Castle", ndipo dzina lotere limafotokozera bwino mawonekedwe ake. Cholingacho, chomwe chilibe zofanana padziko lonse lapansi, chimatetezedwa ndi bungwe la UNESCO ndipo chaka chilichonse chimakopa alendo zikwi mazana ambiri omwe akupita kutchuthi ku Turkey.

Kuti mumvetse kukongola konse kwa mawonekedwe, ingoyang'anani chithunzi cha Pamukkale. Chinthucho chidalipo kale kale: zimadziwika kuti m'zaka za zana lachiwiri BC. Mfumu Eumenes Wachiwiri waku Pergamon adakhazikitsa mzinda wa Hierapolis pafupi ndi malowa. Koma kodi chilengedwe chokha chinakhalapo bwanji?

Kwa zaka masauzande ambiri, madzi otentha okhala ndi kutentha kuyambira 30 mpaka 100 ° C adatsuka pamwamba pake. Popita nthawi, maiwe amchere adayamba kupanga pano, m'malire ndi travertine ndikutsikira pamalo odabwitsa otsetsereka. Chifukwa cha calcium bicarbonate yambiri m'madzi, kwazaka zambiri, phirili lakutidwa ndi madontho oyera ngati chipale.

Lero, kudera lomwe Pamukkale kuli akasupe 17 azinthu zonse zopangira mankhwala. Kuyenda kwakukulu kwa alendo ochokera kumayiko ena omwe akufuna kuyang'ana kukopa kwapadera ndikusambira m'madziwe amadzimadzi kunalimbikitsa kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha alendo. Mahotela ndi malo odyera, mashopu ndi malo ogulitsa zinthu zokumbutsa anthu adapezeka ku Pamukkale, zomwe zimalola alendo kuti azikhala kuno nthawi yayitali. Tsiku limodzi kuti mupumule ku Cotton Castle sichikwanira: chifukwa, kuwonjezera pa zovuta zachilengedwe palokha, pali zipilala zingapo zosangalatsa pafupi ndi chinthucho, kuti musadziwe zomwe zingakhale zolephera zazikulu.

Zosangalatsa pafupi

Zithunzi za Pamukkale ku Turkey zidakwanitsa kukopa mamiliyoni ambiri apaulendo ndipo chaka chilichonse amapitilizabe kukopa apaulendo ambiri ofuna kudziwa izi. Zovuta zachilengedwe zophatikizidwa ndi nyumba zakale zimakhala chuma chenicheni cha alendo. Kodi ndi zipilala ziti zakale zomwe zimawonedwa pafupi ndi malo otentha?

Maseŵera

Pakati pa zochititsa chidwi za Pamukkale ku Turkey, bwalo lamasewera lakale, lomwe ndi lalikulu kwambiri mdzikolo, ndi lomwe limaonekera koyamba. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, nyumbayi yawonongeka kwambiri, makamaka chifukwa cha zivomezi zamphamvu. Bwaloli lidabwezeretsedwapo kangapo, koma nyumbayo idawonekeranso mobwerezabwereza pochita zinthu zachilengedwe. M'zaka za zana la 11, nyumbayo idatsika komaliza ndipo idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazosowa zapakhomo. Kumangidwanso komaliza kwa bwaloli kunatenga zaka 50 ndipo kunatha mu 2013 kokha.

Hierapolis, yomwe ili pafupi ndi akasupe amadzi otentha, inali yotchuka kwambiri ndi Aroma, omwe sakanatha kulingalira nthawi yawo yopuma popanda zisudzo zochititsa chidwi. Bwalo lamasewera, lomwe limatha kukhala ndi owonera 15 zikwi, kwa nthawi yayitali limakhala ngati nsanja yomenyera omenyera nkhondo. Nyumbayi idakalipobe mpaka pano ili bwino, yomwe idathandizidwa ndi ntchito yayitali yobwezeretsa. Ngakhale lero, zowoneka bwino kwambiri zitha kuwonedwa mkati mwa nyumbayi. Palinso malo okhala otetezedwa moyang'anizana ndi siteji, opangidwira alendo apamwamba.

Makachisi a Hierapolis

Zowoneka za Pamukkale zikuyimiridwanso ndi mabwinja akachisi wakale wa Hierapolis. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lachitatu, kachisi adamangidwa m'dera lamzinda wakale woperekedwa kwa mulungu wakale wachi Greek wakuwala ndi zaluso Apollo. Kachisiyu adakhala nyumba yachipembedzo yayikulu kwambiri ku Hierapolis, koma mzaka zambiri, monga bwalo lamasewera, idawonongedwa ndi zivomezi zingapo.

M'zaka za zana lachinayi, mzinda wina udawonekera kachisi wina, womangidwa polemekeza Mtumwi Filipo. Pafupifupi zaka 2 zapitazo, Aroma adapha woyera mtima ku Hierapolis, ndipo mpaka pano palibe wofufuza yemwe angapeze manda ake. Mu 2016, akatswiri ofukula zakale aku Italiya, omwe akhala akufukula mkati mwa agulupa kwazaka zopitilira 30, adakwanitsabe kupeza manda a mtumwi, omwe adadziwika pakufufuza ndikupanga Kachisi wa Philip kukhala malo opatulika.

Chochititsa chidwi ndi Kachisi wa Pluto, mabwinja ake omwe ali mumzinda wakale. M'nthano zakale zaku Greece, malongosoledwe a ufumu wa akufa wokhala ndi khomo lodabwitsa lomwe limapezeka kwinakwake mobisa. Mu 2013, ofufuza aku Italiya adapeza lotchedwa Pluto's Gate ku Pamukkale. Pakati pa mabwinja omwe anali pansi pa mabwalo a kachisi, adatha kupeza chitsime chakuya, pansi pake anapeza mitembo ya mbalame zakufa ndi chifanizo cha Cerberus (chizindikiro cha Pluto). Kuchuluka kwa kaboni dayokisaidi m'makoma a chitsime, wokhoza kupha nyama m'mphindi zochepa, sikunatsimikizire pakati pa anthu akale kuti kunali ku Hierapolis komwe zipata zakudziko lina zinali.

Kuphedwa kwa Saint Philip

Nyumbayi idamangidwa koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 400 pokumbukira ofera onse omwe adapereka miyoyo yawo chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro. Kachisiyu adamangidwa pomwe Aroma adapachika Woyera wa Filipo mu 87. Amonke ndi ofunikira kwambiri mdziko lachikhristu, ndipo chaka chilichonse amwendamnjira ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana amabwera m'mabwinja ake kulemekeza kukumbukira kwa mtumwi. Mabwinja a martyria ali paphiri; mutha kuyenda kwa iwo munjira zakale. Nyumbayo inawonongeka kwambiri nthawi ya zivomezi, ndipo zidutswa za makoma ndi zipilala zokha zomwe zidakalipo mpaka lero. Zizindikiro zachikhristu zimapezeka pamiyala payokha.

Dziwe la Cleopatra

Dziwe la Cleopatra lakhala lodziwika bwino ku Pamukkale. Omangidwa pamwamba kasupe wotentha momwe madzi amachiritso amayendera, dziwe linawonongedwa theka ndi chivomerezi m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri. Zigawo ndi zipilala zomwe zidagwera m'madzi sizinachotsedwe: zikuwoneka bwino pachithunzi cha dziwe la Cleopatra ku Pamukkale ku Turkey. Pali nthano yoti Cleopatra yemweyo adakonda kuchezera kasupe, koma palibe zowona zomwe zapezeka zomwe zatsimikizira kuyendera kwa mfumukazi yaku Egypt.

M'chaka, kutentha kwamadzi otentha amasungidwa pafupifupi 37 ° C. Malo ozama kwambiri padziwe amafikira mita 3. Kuyendera kasupe kumatha kuchiritsa thupi lonse ndikulonjeza kuchiritsa khungu, minyewa, matenda olumikizana, komanso matenda okhudzana ndi ntchito yamtima, m'mimba, etc. zina zambiri, madzi amchere amatha kupezanso mphamvu ndikuwonetsa zonse chamoyo. Komabe, kuti izi zitheke, dziwe la Cleopatra ku Pamukkale ku Turkey likuyenera kuyendera kangapo motsatizana.

Pamukkale m'nyengo yozizira: kuli koyenera kuyendera

Alendo ambiri amachita chidwi ngati kuli koyenera kupita ku Pamukkale m'nyengo yozizira. Sitingathe kuyankha funsoli mosasunthika, chifukwa ulendowu uli ndi zabwino komanso zoyipa zonse. Zoyipa zimaphatikizaponso nyengo: m'miyezi yozizira, kutentha kwapakati masana ku Pamukkale kumakhala pakati pa 10 mpaka 15 ° C. Komabe, kutentha kwa akasupe otentha kumakhalabe kofanana ndi nthawi yotentha (pafupifupi 37 ° C). Madziwo ndi ofunda komanso omasuka, koma mukawasiya mutha kuzizira mwachangu kwambiri. Ngati kusiyana kotereku sikovuta, ndiye kuti mutha kupita kumalo opangira matenthedwe munthawi yotsika, chifukwa apo ayi ulendowu umangosiya zabwino zokha.

Kodi ndizotheka kusambira ku Pamukkale nthawi yachisanu, tazindikira kale. Tsopano zatsala kuti mumvetsetse zoyenera kuchita mutatha mankhwalawa. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kufupi ndi malo achilengedwe a Turkey pali zochititsa chidwi zambiri, zomwe ndizabwino kuyendera nthawi yachisanu. Choyamba, panthawiyi pali alendo ochepa ku Pamukkale. Kachiwiri, kupezeka kwa kunyezimira kwadzuwa ndi kutentha kumakupatsani mwayi wofufuza pang'onopang'ono zipilala zakale. Kuphatikiza apo, mahotela am'deralo amapereka kuchotsera kwabwino m'nyengo yozizira, kuti muthe kusunganso ndalama.

Kokhala

Kudera lomwe Pamukkale ili ku Turkey, kuli hotelo zingapo, bajeti komanso malo abwino. Ngati cholinga chachikulu chaulendo wanu ndikuchezera malowa komanso zokopa zake, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kukhala mumudzi wawung'ono womwe uli pansi pamapiri oyera oyera. Mtengo wokhala m'mabungwe am'deralo umayamba kuchokera ku 60 TL usiku uliwonse m'chipinda chimodzi. Pazosankha zomwe zili mkalasi pamwambapa, ndi dziwe komanso kuphatikiza chakudya cham'mawa chaulere pamtengo, kubwereka chipinda chambiri kumawononga pafupifupi 150 TL.

Ngati mukuyembekeza kukhala momasuka ku hotelo ya Pamukkale ndi mathithi ake otentha, ndibwino kuti mufufuze malo okhala mdera la Karahayit, lomwe lili 7 km kumpoto kwa Cotton Castle. Mtengo wogona wa awiri m'mahotelo ngati awa ndi 350-450 TL usiku uliwonse. Mtengo umaphatikizapo kuyendera madamu otentha m'deralo komanso malo odyera aulere (mahotela ena amaphatikizaponso chakudya chamadzulo). Mutha kuchokera ku Karahayit kupita ku Pamukkale ndi masamba akale ndi taxi kapena zoyendera pagulu.

Pezani Mitengo kapena sungani malo alionse ogwiritsira ntchito fomu iyi

Momwe mungafikire kumeneko

Kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungafikire ku Pamukkale, ndikofunikira kudziwa komwe akuyambira. Alendo ambiri amabwera kuzokopa ngati gawo limodzi la maulendo ochokera m'malo opumulirako a Mediterranean ndi Aegean Seas. Mtunda wochokera ku Pamukkale kupita ku mizinda yotchuka kwambiri yofanana ndi yomweyo:

Chingola - 240 km,
Chililabombwe - 275 km,
Marmaris - makilomita 210.

Mutha kufikira chinthucho pafupifupi maola 3-3.5.

Ngati mukukonzekera ulendo wodziyimira pawokha pa akasupe, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mabasi apakati a kampani ya Pamukkale. Pali maulendo apandege tsiku lililonse ochokera pafupifupi mizinda yonse kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Turkey. Ndandanda yatsatanetsatane komanso mitengo yamatikiti imapezeka patsamba lovomerezeka la kampaniyo www.pamukkale.com.tr.

Ngati mukufuna kupita ku Pamukkale kuchokera ku Istanbul (mtunda wa 570 km), njira yosavuta kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito maulendo apandege. Ndege yapafupi kwambiri ndi malowa ili mumzinda wa Denizli. Ndege zingapo za Turkey Airlines ndi Pegasus Airlines zimanyamuka ku Istanbul Air Harbor tsiku lililonse.

Nthawi yoyendera imachokera ola limodzi mpaka ola limodzi ndi mphindi 20.
Mtengo wamatikiti umasiyanasiyana 100-170 TL.

Yerekezerani mitengo ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito Fomu iyi

Maulendo

Pamukkale amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwanjira zodziwika bwino zopitako, choncho kugula malo achilengedwe sikovuta. Ma voucher amatha kugulitsidwa kuchokera kumaupangiri aku hotelo, kapena m'mabungwe oyenda mumisewu kunja kwa gawo la hotelo. Monga lamulo, pali maulendo awiri opita ku Pamukkale ku Turkey - tsiku limodzi ndi masiku awiri. Njira yoyamba ndi yoyenera kwa alendo omwe afika patchuthi kwakanthawi kochepa ndipo akufuna kuti azolowere kukopa mwachangu. Mtundu wachiwiri waulendo udzakopa apaulendo omwe akufuna kupita kulikonse komanso kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti ndi malo ati omwe ali pafupi ndi Pamukkale ku Turkey, ndiye tikufotokozera kuti awa ndi Marmaris. Ngakhale Antalya sali kutali kwambiri ndi chinthucho. Mseu utenga nthawi yochuluka kwambiri kwa alendo omwe akupita ku Kemer ndi Alanya.

Mtengo waulendo wopita ku Pamukkale m'malo osiyanasiyana amasiyana pafupifupi mulingo wofanana. Choyamba, mtengo umadalira kutalika kwaulendo komanso wogulitsa. Alendo onse ayenera kudziwa kuti maulendo owongoleredwa nthawi zonse amakhala okwera mtengo kuposa mabungwe aku Turkey.

Pafupifupi, ulendo watsiku limodzi udzawononga 250 - 400 TL, ulendo wamasiku awiri - 400 - 600 TL.
Pakhomo la dziwe la Cleopatra nthawi zonse amalipira payokha (50 TL).

Mosasamala mzinda wokaona alendo womwe ukuchokera ku Pamukkale, ulendowu udzachitika m'mawa kwambiri (mozungulira 05:00). Monga lamulo, ulendo wa tsiku limodzi umaphatikizapo kukwera basi yabwino, wowongolera olankhula Chirasha, chakudya cham'mawa ndi nkhomaliro / chakudya chamadzulo. Mtengo waulendo wamasiku awiriwo umaphatikizaponso kugona ku hotelo yakomweko.

Ulendo waku Pamukkale ku Turkey umayamba ndikuwona mabwinja akale a Hierapolis. Komanso, alendo amapita ku Cotton Castle komwe, komwe, atavula nsapato zawo, amayenda pazitsime zazing'ono zotentha ndikujambula zithunzi. Kenako wowongolera amatenga aliyense kupita ku dziwe la Cleopatra. Ngati ulendowu ndi tsiku limodzi, ndiye kuti mwambowu ndiwosintha, ngati ulendowu ndi wamasiku awiri, ndiye kuti palibe amene amathamangira wina. Mwamtheradi maulendo onse amaphatikizidwa ndi maulendo angapo m'masitolo ndi mafakitale panjira yokawona komanso pobwerera.

Malangizo Othandiza

Mukamapita ku Pamukkale ku Turkey, onetsetsani kuti mwabweretsa magalasi anu. Kashiamu yoyera amasungika mu Cotton Castle pakagwa dzuwa kuliwala kwambiri, komwe kumakwiyitsa nembanemba yamaso.
Ngati mukukonzekera kusambira mu dziwe la Cleopatra, ndiye kuti muyenera kusamalira zida zofunika kusamba (chopukutira, kusambira, zopindika) pasadakhale. Zachidziwikire, pali malo ogulitsira, koma mitengo yake ndiyokwera kwambiri.

Tapeza komwe kuli pafupi kwambiri ndi Pamukkale ku Turkey. Koma kulikonse komwe mungachoke, mulimonsemo, msewu wautali ukuyembekezerani, onetsetsani kuti mwasungira madzi am'mabotolo.
Ngati mwaganiza zopita ku Pamukkale ngati gawo laulendo, khalani okonzeka kuyimilira pafupipafupi kumafakitole ndi m'masitolo. Sitikulimbikitsa mwamphamvu kugula zinthu m'malo otere, popeza mitengo yamitengo mwa iyo ndiyokwera kwambiri kangapo. Pali maulendo obwereza okopa alendo pa fakitale ya vinyo, akamva kukoma kwa vinyo wokoma kwambiri pakulawa, ndipo m'mabotolo amagulitsa chakumwa chosiyana kotheratu, chomwe chimaperekedwa ngati choyambirira.
Musaope kugula malo ku Pamukkale (Turkey) kuchokera kumaofesi amisewu. Zonena kuti inshuwaransi yanu siyikhala yolondola pamaulendowa ndi nthano komanso nthano za owongolera omwe amayesetsa kuti asaphonye makasitomala.