Zowona za Holland: Zaandam ndi Zaanse Schans
Nchiyani chimapangitsa mzinda wa Zaandam (Holland) kukhala wokongola kwa alendo? Choyamba, nyumba yotchuka ya Peter I, chifukwa munali mumzinda wachi Dutch womwe mfumu yaku Russia idaphunzira zoyambira zomanga zombo. Mamiliyoni apaulendo amabwera kuno kudzaona malo osungirako zinthu zakale apansi pa thambo - mudzi wamtundu wa Zaanse Schans, nthawi ikuwoneka kuti yayima pano, ngodya iliyonse ili yodzaza ndi mbiriyakale.
Zina zambiri
Zaandam ku Holland ndi malo okhala komanso nthawi yomweyo likulu loyang'anira dera la Zaanstad, lomwe lili kumadzulo kwa dzikolo m'chigawo cha North Holland. Zaandam ndi tawuni ya Amsterdam ndipo ili pa 17 km kuchokera likulu la Netherlands, ngati mungasunthire kumpoto chakumadzulo.
Malo a Zaandam ndi 23 km2, pafupifupi anthu 70 zikwi amakhala pano. Mzindawu umadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu ambiri - anthu opitilira 3 zikwi pa 1 km2 iliyonse. Izi ndichifukwa choti Zaandam ndi malo okhala mafakitale, komwe mabungwe ambiri amitundu yambiri amakhala okhazikika.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Dzinali limachokera ku dzina la mtsinje wa Zaan, m'mphepete mwa malo okhala.
Kum'mwera, Zaandam amangidwa ndi njira yolumikiza likulu la Holland ndi North Sea. Kumadzulo, malire a malowa ndi Mtsinje wa Zaan. Mwachidziwikire m'mudzimo, pali madamu akuluakulu awiri - kumpoto chakum'mawa, ku Jagersveld Park. Osangokhala ammudzi okha komanso alendo a Zaandam amabwera kuno kudzapuma ndikusangalala. Dziwe lachiwiri lili kumwera chakum'mawa kwa mudziwo.
Ulendo wammbiri
Zaandam adawonekera kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 12, pomwe Western ndi Eastern Zaan zidalumikizana. Zaandam adalandila udindo wamzindawu molamulidwa ndi mfumu yaku France Napoleon Bonaparte.
Zabwino kudziwa! Western ndi Eastern Zaan ndi midzi iwiri yakale yomwe idapezeka koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 14. Kukhazikikako kunalandira gawo la mawu oti "damu" kuchokera padzina la damu lomwe linamangidwa pafupi ndi Zaandam m'zaka za zana la 13.
Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 16 mpaka 18th, gwero lopeza ndalama kumzinda wachi Dutch lidali kugwetsa nsomba. Zombo zopitilira makumi asanu zamangidwa ku Zaandam, pomwe ngalawa ziwiri zam'madzi zimachoka chaka chilichonse. Kuyambira zaka za zana la 19, mafakitale akhala akutukuka m'mudzimo, kwatsegulidwa mabizinesi atsopano omwe adagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi (zidapangidwa ndi mphero zingapo zomangidwa ku Netherlands konse). Netherlands idapanga mapepala, mavanishi ndi utoto, zonunkhira ndi koko, fodya, mafuta, matabwa opangidwa mwaluso.
Pakatikati mwa zaka za zana la 19, mphamvu ya mphepo idasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi ma injini a nthunzi, komabe Zaandam adatha kukhalabe malo opangira zombo. Kuphatikiza apo, mumzinda mumapangidwa fakitale ya cocoa ndi chokoleti, kampani yodula mitengo, zipolopolo ndi zida.
Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za 20th, Zaandam adakhala gawo la Zaanstad, ndipo ku 2011 adalandila likulu lawo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Kuyambira 2008, oyang'anira mzindawo amanganso mzindawu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyambirira ndi Inverdan, momwe chimakongoletsa nyumba zomangidwa ndi zithunzi zaku Dutch.
Zowoneka
Zachidziwikire, malo omwe amapezeka kwambiri ku Zaandam ndi nyumba ya Peter, komwe Tsar yaku Russia idakhala masiku 8. Munthawi imeneyi, amfumuwo adalandira chilolezo chogwira ntchito m'malo oyendetsa sitima ku Dutch East India Company, yotchuka panthawiyo.
Zabwino kudziwa! Mzinda wa Dutch udachezeredwa mosangalala ndi wojambula Claude Monet. Kwa miyezi ingapo, adapanga zojambula 25, zojambula khumi ndi ziwiri.
Nyumba ya Peter Wamkulu ku Zaandam si yokopa yokha. Pali zipilala 128 zofunikira mdziko lonse komanso ma 83 amatauni. Mndandanda wazokopa umaphatikizapo nyumba zokhalamo, nyumba zamagayo, matchalitchi, ndi zipilala.
Zaanse Schans - mudzi wa mphero
Kukhazikika kwa Zaanse Schans kuli ku Netherlands, 17 km kuchokera kulikulu. Popeza kulumikizana kwabwino pakati pa madera aku Holland, kuchoka ku Amsterdam kupita ku Zaanse Schans nokha sikovuta. Izi zitha kuchitika m'njira zingapo.
Mwa zoyendera pagulu.
- Pa basi # 391. Ndege zimachoka kotala lililonse la ola kuchokera kumalo okwerera njanji likulu. Njirayo imatenga mphindi 40.
- Phunzitsani kupita ku Zaandijk station. Mseu umatenga mphindi zopitilira 15, kenako mphindi 15 zina zimayenera kuyenda kuchokera kokwerera.
Ndi galimoto... Ndikokwanira kulowa mu adilesi yoyendetsa: Schansend 7, Zaandam. Kuyimika pafupi ndi mudzi kumalipira - magalimoto - 10 €, mabasi - 18 € patsiku.
Momwe mungachokere pa njinga kuchokera ku Amsterdam kupita ku Zaanse Schan. Imeneyi ndi njira yodziwika yoyendera ku Holland, mudzi uliwonse uli ndi njinga yamoto, ndipo pali malo ambiri pamalo oimikapo magalimoto amtunduwu.
Munthawi yokwezeka, kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala, Zaanse Schans imapezeka mosavuta ndi taxi ya njinga kuchokera ku Zaandeijk station kupita kumudzi wamagayo. Muthanso kuyimba taxi ndikuyendetsa bwino kupita komwe mukupita.
Chithunzi: Zaanse Schans, The Netherlands
Zindikirani: Makilomita 20 kuchokera ku Amsterdam, pali mzinda wokongola wa Haarlem, womwe siwodziwika kwambiri pakati pa alendo, koma pali china choti muwone.
Takulandirani kumudzi wamagayo
Zaanse Schans ndi chimodzi mwazosiyana kwambiri ndi zokongola za Holland ndi dziko lonse la Netherlands. Apa mutha kukhala tsiku lonse ndikusangalala ndi mlengalenga, mbiri ndi chikhalidwe cha dzikolo. Nyumba zomwe zili m'mudzimo zidayamba m'zaka za zana la 17, onetsetsani kuti mwayendera mphero, malo owonetsera zakale angapo, amatenga nawo mbali mkalasi yopanga nsapato zamatabwa - klomps.
Zosangalatsa kudziwa! Msewu waukulu ndi Kalverringdijk.
Mphero
Mukafunsa anthu am'deralo za zokopa zazikulu za Zaanse Schans, mwina adzakuyankhani - mphero. Nyumbazi zimamangidwa ku Netherlands konse. Zojambula zachi Dutch zimakhulupirira kuti ndizopangidwa ndi Aperisiya, koma palibe umboni wa izi.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Malinga ndi akatswiri ena a mbiriyakale, makina oyambira mphero ku Holland adawonekera asanafike 1000, koma onse anali amadzi. Mphepo yoyamba idayamba 1180.
Pali mphero zisanu ndi ziwiri m'mudzimo, zomwe zimayikidwa m'mbali mwa Mtsinje wa Schans. Ambiri aiwo, ngakhale mbiri yakale ili yofunika komanso mawonekedwe ake, amagwiritsidwabe ntchito pazolinga zawo - amapangira nkhuni, akupera koko ndi zonunkhira, ndikupanga batala.
Zabwino kudziwa! Mutha kuchezera mphero umodzi kwaulere, kukhala ndi khadi la Zaanse Schans, mtengo woyendera ena ndi ma 4-5 euros.
Ntchito yoyamba yopanga mphero, De Huisman, ndi yotseguka kwa anthu kwaulere; kale inali yamalonda waku India ndipo ndimakonda kupanga mpiru. Mwala wamiyala umayikidwa mkati mwa chikhomo, pomwe zitsamba ndi mbewu zimapukusidwa, kanema wowonetsa amawonetsedwa kwa alendo. Pali malo ogulitsira achikumbutso omwe amagulitsa mpiru wonunkhira womwe umapanga.
Nyumba yomwe ili pafupi kwambiri ndi mudzi - De Kat - idagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga utoto m'zaka za zana la 16. Mkati, alendo amafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za njira zakale zopangira maluwa ndikupera utoto. Masiku ano amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malasha ndi mafuta. Izi ndizokopa kwambiri, chifukwa miyala yamiyala imapangitsa kugwedezeka komwe kumaperekedwa kwa alendo. Apa mutha kukwera khonde ndikukhala pafupi ndi masamba.
Zabwino kudziwa! Mndandanda wathunthu wa mphero ungapezeke patsamba lovomerezeka la Zaanse Schans.
Klomp Museum
Netherlands ndi dziko lotukuka ku Europe lokhala ndi moyo wapamwamba, koma nsapato zamatabwa zotchuka - klomps - ndizofunikabe masiku ano, ngakhale zimaperekedwa mochulukira monga mawonekedwe azikumbutso ndi malo owonetsera zakale. Ku Zaanse Schans kuli malo owonetsera zakale opangidwa ndi nsapato zamatabwa, zomwe mbiri yawo imabwerera ku Middle Ages.
Klomps adawonekera ku France, koma adadziwika kwambiri ku Netherlands. Kwa nyengo yamvula komanso madambo, nsapatozi zimathandiza kwambiri. Nsapato zimapangidwa ndi manja, zojambula ndi zokongoletsa zimaganiziridwa mozama. Mwa mawonekedwe a nsapato, adazindikira dera lomwe munthu amakhala. M'masitolo apadera, munthu amatha kugula ma klomps nthawi iliyonse m'moyo - kusewera mpira, kutsetsereka pa ayezi, maukwati, moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.
Kamodzi ku Zaanse Schans ku Netherlands, onetsetsani kuti mupite ku Klomp mini-museum. Apa, maphunziro apamwamba amachitika pakupanga chizindikiro chamatabwa, aliyense atenga nawo mbali ndikuyesera kupanga nsapato. Pali malo ogulitsira ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, pano pali nsapato zingapo zokongola, zamitundu yambiri, ndikhulupirireni, zidzakhala zovuta kusankha mtundu umodzi ngati chikumbutso.
Munda wa tchizi
Ku Zaanse Schans, mumatha kununkhiza ma Whey ndipo sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa pali fakitale ya tchizi, komwe simungadziwe bwino za kapangidwe kake, komanso mugule mutu wa tchizi watsopano. Mu mkaka wa tchizi, mutha kulawa mitundu yoposa 50 yamchere watsopano kwambiri wamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo mudzapatsidwa vinyo wina wothandizirana ndi mitundu yosankhidwayo.
Ndikofunika! Zachidziwikire, pali mitundu yofanana ya tchizi m'masitolo ambiri ku Zaandam ndi Amsterdam ndipo amawononga mtengo kangapo kuposa m'mudzi wa Zaanse Schans. Chifukwa chake, ganizirani ngati kuli koyenera kugula tchizi paulendo wopita kumudzi.
Zinthu zambiri zoti muchite ku Zaanse Schans:
- kukwera bwato;
- pitani ku malo osungira zakale a chokoleti;
- pitani ku Albert Heijn Museum;
- yang'anani mu sitolo ya maswiti;
- kukaona malo ogulitsira zakale.
Kuti mupulumutse nthawi paulendo wanu, gulani khadi ya Zaanse Schans, yomwe imakupatsani ufulu woyendera malo owonetsera zakale angapo, malo ochitira masewera aulere, komanso m'mashopu ena - kuti mupeze kuchotsera katundu.
Mtengo wamakhadi:
- wamkulu - 15 €;
- ana (kuyambira 4 mpaka 17 wazaka) - 10 €.
Khadiyi itha kugulidwa ku malo azidziwitso, ku Zaanse Tade Museum.
Zolemba! Midzi ina iwiri yotchuka ndi alendo obwera ku Amsterdam ili pafupi Edam ndi Volendam. Mutha kudziwa zambiri za iwo patsamba lino.
Pezani Mitengo kapena sungani malo alionse ogwiritsira ntchito fomu iyi
Nyumba ya Peter I
Chokopa cha Zaandam ndi nyumba yaying'ono yamatabwa yomwe ili kutali ndi likulu. Peter Ndinkakhala kuno kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 17. Pofuna kuteteza nyumbayo, anamanga chikwama cha njerwa mozungulira icho.
Nyumbayi idamangidwa koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 17th ndipo zaka 65 pambuyo pake tsar yaku Russia ndi ena 35 odzipereka omwe adatsagana ndi Peter paulendo wake adakhazikika. Pa nthawiyo, m'nyumba ya wosula zitsulo, amene tsar ntchito pa sitimayo mu Arkhangelsk. Chifukwa cha chidwi chake nthawi zonse, Peter I adakakamizika kuchoka ku Zaandam ndikupita ku likulu, komabe, amabwera mumzinda kangapo ndipo amakhala mnyumba yaying'ono yamatabwa.
Pakati pa zaka za zana la 18, nyumbayo idalandira mbiri yakale, chikwangwani chachikumbutso pamoto chidayikidwa ndi Emperor Alexander I. Pambuyo pake, Mfumu ya Netherlands idapereka nyumbayo kwa mfumu yaku Russia Alexander III.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Mu 2013, boma la Dutch lidapereka chilinganizo chonse cha nyumbayi ku Russia. Mutha kumuwona mu Moscow Kolomenskoye Museum.
Zothandiza:
Adilesiyi: Adilesi: Krimp, 23.
Ndandanda:
- kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala - tsiku lililonse kuyambira 10-00 mpaka 17-00;
- kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Epulo - tsiku lililonse kupatula Lolemba - kuyambira 10-00 mpaka 17-00.
Ndikofunika! Pali malo oimikapo magalimoto pafupi ndi zokopa.
Mitengo yamatikiti:
- wamkulu - 3 €;
- ana (kuyambira 4 mpaka 17 wazaka) - 2 €;
- Kuloledwa ndi kwaulere kwa ana ochepera zaka 4.
Mutha kukhala ndi chidwi ndi: ngati mukupita kumwera kwa Netherlands, pitani mumzinda wa Eindhoven, likulu la zojambulajambula komanso zojambula zamakono.
Momwe mungafikire ku Zaandam kuchokera ku Amsterdam
Msewu wochokera ku Amsterdam sudzabweretsa mavuto. Pali njira zingapo zochokera ku likulu la Netherlands kupita ku Zaandam mwachangu komanso momasuka.
1. Pa sitima
- Kuchokera ku Central station - Amsterdam Centraal - masitima amathamanga mphindi 5-10 zilizonse, njirayo idapangidwa kwa mphindi 10-12, tikiti ya kalasi yachiwiri idzawononga 3 €, ndipo yoyamba - 5 €.
- Kuchokera pa eyapoti ya Schiphol, sitima zimanyamuka mphindi 15 zilizonse, ulendowu umatenga mphindi 20, tikiti ya kalasi yachiwiri imawononga 4.5 €, m'kalasi yoyamba - pafupifupi 8 €.
- Kuchokera ku Amsterdam Amstel, sitima zimanyamuka mphindi 5 zilizonse, zimatenga mphindi 25, matikiti a kalasi yachiwiri ndi yoyamba amawononga ma 3.5 ndi 6 mayuro, motsatana.
Yerekezerani mitengo ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito Fomu iyi
2. Pa basi
Mutha kukafika pamabasi a "Connexxion" nambala 92 ndi 94. Ndege zimachoka pamalo okwerera basi, ulendowu wapangidwira mphindi 30. Tikiti imawononga 4.5 €.
3. Pagalimoto
Mtunda pakati pa likulu la Netherlands ndi Zaandam ndi ma 17 km okha, ulendowu ungotenga mphindi 25-30. Kusamuka pakati pa Amsterdam, muyenera kuwoloka Hey Bridge, kupita kumpoto. Kuchokera ku Amsterdam, tengani msewu waukulu wa A1. Pafupi ndi Zaandam pali mphambano yayikulu yamagalimoto, motsogozedwa ndi zikwangwani, muyenera kusunthira kumanzere ndikulowa Zaandam.
Mitengo patsamba ili ndi ya Meyi 2018.
Zoona za Zaandam zikudziwitsani mbiri, zikhalidwe ndi miyambo yadzikolo. Ngati muli ndi tsiku limodzi kuti musawonongeke kuti mukufuna kusangalala ndikupeza phindu, osazengereza, pitani ku Zaandam, Holland.