Kodi agologolo amakhala kuti?

Agologolo ndi nyama zokoma zosasangalatsa zomwe anthu ambiri amatha kudzitama nazo podziwa anzawo. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa gologoloyo ndi nyama yofala kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ubale wabwino womwe wapanga pakati pa bambo ndi gologolo ndiwofanana: nyama zokongola komanso zosavuta kuzimvera zimapangitsa kuti anthu azimvera chisoni, ndipo nawonso, akhala akuzindikirika kale ndi mapuloteni ngati chitsimikizo chodalirika chosasiyidwa opanda chakudya. Chifukwa chake, agologolo amatha kupezeka m'nkhalango zakutchire, komanso m'mapaki am'mizinda, komanso m'makona okhala kusukulu, m'nyumba, ngakhale m'maofesi. Kutchuka kosunga nyamazi kunyumba kukukulira chaka chilichonse. Chidwi pazinthu zodziwika bwino za makoswe okongolawa ndichachilengedwe.

Chikhalidwe

Chomwe chimasiyanitsa agologolo ndi chakuti ndi nyama zamtchire. Amakhazikitsidwa m'makontinenti onse kupatula Australia, koma amangokhala kumene kuli nkhalango zazitali. Ngakhale mu tundra, kapena mu steppe, sitikumana ndi nyama izi. Koma ngati pali malo a nkhalango - kaya akumpoto, kotentha, m'nkhalango yamatawuni kapena kudera lamapiri kumapiri - kuthekera kwakukulu, nkhalangozi zimakhalanso ndi agologolo amtundu wina kapena wina.

Komabe, mawonekedwe awo nawonso akuwonetsa kuti agologolo amapangidwa kuti akhale ndi moyo m'mitengo. Thupi lopapatiza motere limafotokoza mwachangu. Mchira wautali wofewa, womwe agologolo amagwiritsa ntchito ngati chiwongolero komanso ngati parachute, umawalola kuti azimva ngati olamulira zachilengedwe pamtunda uliwonse ndipo amayenda mosavuta ngakhale m'nthambi zochepa. Miyendo yayitali komanso yamphamvu yakumbuyo - yayitali kwambiri komanso yamphamvu kuposa yakutsogolo - ndi miyendo yampikisano yachilengedwe. Ndipo zikhadabo zolimba za miyendo yonse inayi zidapangidwa mwachilengedwe kuti zizigwira mosavuta pamalo aliwonse ofukula komanso oyipa m'nkhalangomo.

Ku kontinenti ya Eurasian, agologolo amakhala kuchokera ku nkhalango zaku Ireland ndi Scandinavia mpaka ku Kamchatka kumpoto, komanso kuchokera ku Iran mpaka kumpoto kwa China kumwera. Nyama izi zimamva bwino pafupi ndi mizinda komanso m'mapaki am'mizinda momwemo, osati kutali ndi komwe kumakhala anthu, malo olimapo ndi matupi amadzi.

Agologolo nthawi zambiri amadzipangira zisa m'mabowo amitengo, posankha "zipinda" zakuya zokhala ndi khomo lopapatiza, momwe nyama zolusa - akhwangwala ndi agalu, amphaka, martens ndi ena onse oimira nyama zomwe zitha kufikira ana osaziteteza a agologolo mu chisa - sangathe kulowa. Ngati sizingatheke kupeza dzenje labwino, gologoloyo amamanga chisa chokha, kuchokera ku nthambi, ndikupatsa chipinda chamkati mawonekedwe ozungulira. Chisa chimakhazikika ndikutidwa ndi udzu wouma ndi masamba, ndere ndi moss. Koma dzenje ndi chisa cha zopanga zawo zili ndi zida zowonjezera zachitetezo - kutuluka kwadzidzidzi. Nthawi yachisanu, agologolo ena amathanso kukhala pachisa chimodzi, kutenthetsana ndi kutentha kwawo. Ndipo kuti kutentha kusachoke, agologolo amatseka makomo olowera kuchisa ndi gulu laudzu.

Chiwembu chavidiyo

Zomwe mapuloteni amadya

Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti agologolo, pokhala makoswe, amangodya zakudya zamasamba zokha. Izi sizoona. M'malo mwake, mapuloteni ndi omnivorous. Chifukwa chake, pamodzi ndi mbewu za mitundu yonse ya mitengo - zomwe zili mu spruce, paini, fir ndi michere ya mkungudza, ma acorn ndi mtedza wosasintha - agologolo amatha kudya bowa, tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo, achule, mazira a mbalame ndi anapiye. Ndipo ngati kulephera kwa mbewu kapena gologolo, monga mwachizolowezi, waiwala pofika kasupe komwe nkhokwe zake zabisika, mitundu ingapo ya "mbale" imatha kugula chakudya: khungwa laling'ono la mitengo, mizu ndi mphukira zazing'ono zazomera, zipatso za chaka chatha ndi masamba atafalikira pamitengo ...

M'mapaki a nkhalango, agologolo nthawi zambiri amadyetsa zomwe anthu amachitira ndi omwe amapikisana nawo, ma titmouses - mbewu za mpendadzuwa. Zowona, chakudyachi sichothandiza agologolo. Ndipo chakudya china, chomwe pazifukwa zina chatchuka, maso a chiponde, sichimangokhala chopanda thanzi, koma mapuloteni amabweretsa kuvulala kwenikweni kwamanofu a mafupa. Chifukwa chake, ngati pali chidwi chodyetsa agologolo mu paki, ndibwino kuti muphikire mtedza kapena mtedza. Ndipo ndibwino kupatsa mapuloteni osakazinga kapena mtedza wa sheledi. Komanso, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mapuloteni amathandizidwa ndi chakudya chokoma mpaka kukhuta, ndipo chilichonse chomwe amalandila ndikuwonjezera kubisala. Nthawi yomweyo, popanda kukhala ndi luso lamasamu kapena lingaliro lofananira, kubisa mapuloteni sikungakhale kuchuluka komwe amafunikiradi, koma kuchuluka komwe angapeze. Tsoka, mapuloteni sadzatha kukumbukira nkhokwe zake zikafunika. Chifukwa chake, m'nkhalango iliyonse, ndikulakalaka kwambiri, mutha kupeza "chuma" cha gologolo ngakhale zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu zapitazo.

Mitundu ya mapuloteni

Agologolo ali m'gulu la agologolo. Achibale ena omwewo - chipmunks, agologolo oyenda, agologolo apansi, nyongolotsi ndi makoswe ena - nthawi zambiri amakhala ofanana ndi mapuloteni omwe amadya komanso malo okhala, komanso ena omwe amakhala ndi vuto lokhala ndi moyo m'mitengo. Ena mwa magulu a agologolo, monga ma heroines a m'nkhaniyi, alinso ndi mawu oti "gologolo" m'dzina lawo. Pakati pawo - ndi gologolo wamkulu wa ku India wolemera 2 kg. ndi kukula kwa thupi lopitilira theka la mita, ndi mitundu yonse ya agologolo-zinyenyeswazi kukula kwa mbewa yaying'ono. Kwenikweni, mtundu wa agologolo uli ndi mitundu pafupifupi 30, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi malo ake. Mtundu umodzi wokha wa agologolo umakhala m'dera la Russia - gologolo wamba.

• Gologolo wamba kapena alireza - nyama yaubweya wokhala ndi thupi lokwanira masentimita 19 mpaka 28. Zosiyanitsa - mchira wofewa wokhala ndi tsitsi loteteza (kuyambira 3 mpaka 6 cm) ndi makutu ataliatali okhala ndi ngayaye, zopangidwa ndi ma vibrises. Amuna ndi akulu kwambiri komanso okongola kuposa azimayi, amakhala ndi tsitsi locheperako komanso lofewa kumchira ndi mphonje zamakutu. Mitunduyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi ma subspecies angapo, omwe amakhala ndi utoto wowoneka bwino ndipo, nthawi zina, amasiyana mosiyana kukula kwake. Mtundu waukulu wa gologolo wamba ndi wofiira. Chovalacho chimasintha kawiri pachaka pakusintha kwa nyengo - mu Marichi-Epulo ndi Seputembara-Novembala. M'nyengo yozizira, mtundu wa subspecies wosiyanasiyana umasiyanasiyana pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yaimvi, pomwe matani ofiira amtundu wa mchira ndi makutu amasungidwa pamlingo wina. Agologolo amakhala ku Europe konse komanso pafupifupi nkhalango zonse ku Asia, mpaka kugombe lakum'mawa kwambiri.
• Gologolo wa ku Japan kapena momonga - amakhala pazilumba za Shikoku, Honshu ndi Kyushu. Nyama yapakatikati yofiirira imakhazikika m'nkhalango, ndipo imabisa nkhokwe m'nyengo yozizira.
• Gologolo wa ku Persian (Caucasus) - wachibale wapafupi wa gologolo. Amatchedwa "mapuloteni achilendo" chifukwa chosowa mano ang'onoang'ono a premolar. Chiwerengero cha mitunduyi ndi chaching'ono ndipo chikupitirirabe kuchepa, makamaka chifukwa chakuti pang'onopang'ono chimasinthidwa ndi mitundu yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yambiri - veksha.
• Gologolo wakuda (nkhandwe) - amakhala mdziko lonse la North America. Ndi yayikulu kwambiri kuposa okhala m'nkhalango ndi m'mapaki athu - kukula kwa thupi kumakhala pakati pa 45 mpaka 70 masentimita (ndipo pafupifupi theka la utaliwu umagwera mchira), makutu azungulira komanso opanda ngayaye.
• Gologolo wakumadzulo - amakhala m'nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi nkhalango m'mphepete mwa nyanja yonse yakumadzulo kwa North America, kuyambira Canada mpaka Mexico. Nyamazo ndizocheperako kuposa azilongo awo akuda - agologolo a nkhandwe, koma, monganso iwo, amakhala mumitengo ndikupanga nkhokwe zambiri pansi.
• Gologolo wamoto - kanyama kakang'ono kakang'ono kwambiri kuposa ngakhale gologolo wamba - mpaka 25-27 masentimita m'litali. Amakhala m'chigawo chimodzi chokha padziko lapansi - Venezuela.
• Gologolo wa pakhosi - woyandikana naye woyaka moto, koma adakhazikika kwambiri - kuwonjezera pa Venezuela, amakhala ku Guyana ndi Brazil. Thupi silidutsa kutalika kwa masentimita 17, ndipo mikwingwirima imatha kuwoneka kumchira.

Mitundu ina ya agologolo imapezeka ku Canada ndi United States, ku Central ndi South America, m'nkhalango zotentha zaku Asia komanso pazilumba zosiyanasiyana.

Kodi agologolo amakhala kuti nthawi yozizira komanso yotentha?

Mosiyana ndi mbalame, agologolo samasamukira kumadera otentha nthawi yophukira, komanso kumadera ozizira nthawi yotentha. Komabe, njira yamoyo m'nyengo yotentha komanso yozizira imasiyanabe. M'nyengo yozizira, gologoloyo samabisala, koma pachisanu choopsa amatha kugwa ndikutuluka mchisakasa pongofuna chakudya. Nyengo yachilimwe imayamba nthawi yachilimwe, pomwe agologolo amayamba kuswana. Nyengo yozizira isanayambike, nyamazo zimathera nthawi yawo yambiri posamalira ana awo.

Kubereka ndi kulera ana

M'chaka, agologolo amabereka nthawi 1-2, ndipo m'malo ofunda - mpaka katatu. Nthawi zambiri, amuna 5-6 amafuna kuti akazi amodzi azikondera - amakonza "ndewu zolankhula" mokweza kwambiri ndikuwonetsa zipsinjo zakuthupi, moopseza akumenya nthambazo ndi zikhomo zawo ndikuyesera kuti apeze omwe akupikisana nawo. Atakwatirana ndi wosankhidwayo, mkaziyo amamanga chisa chatsopano, chachikulu kwa anawo, ndipo patatha masiku 35-38 mimba itayamba, amabala agologolo, nthawi zambiri kuyambira atatu mpaka khumi mu zinyalala imodzi. Pokhala ndi nyengo ziwiri zobereketsa pachaka, zinyalala zoyamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochulukirapo kuposa zachiwiri.

Ana amabadwa akhungu ndi opanda tsitsi. Agologolo amayamba kudzala ndi ubweya waubweya patatha milungu iwiri atabadwa, koma maso awo amatseguka patatha milungu iwiri ina, patsiku la 30-32 la moyo. Atawona, anawo amayamba kuchoka pachisa ndikuyamba kupita kudziko lina. Komabe, masiku 40-50 amoyo, agologolo amadyetsa anawo mkaka. Akafika msinkhu wa miyezi iwiri, agologolowo amachoka pachisa ndipo pakatha milungu ingapo amafika pokhwima pogonana. Mkazi atabereka ana, kwa nthawi yayitali amabwezeretsa mphamvu ndikudya, kenako nkumakwatiranso. Chifukwa chake, zinyalala zachiwiri zimabadwa patatha milungu 13 kuchokera woyamba.

Mitundu yanji ya agologolo yomwe imasungidwa kunyumba

Agologolo ndi amodzi mwa nyama zochepa kwambiri zakutchire zomwe zimatha kuchita bwino kwambiri mu ukapolo. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati nthawi yayitali ya gologolo kuthengo ili pafupifupi zaka 4, ndiye kuti kunyumba nyama zokongola izi zitha kukhala zaka 10-12 - inde, mosamala. Ziwerengerozi zikuwonetsa kuti agologolo amakhala bwino pansi pa denga limodzi ndi anthu.

Mwa mitundu yambiri ya agologolo omwe amakhala mdziko lathu, onse ndioyenera kusungidwa kunyumba. Ena mwa iwo ndi anthu aku Caucasus, North Europe, Middle Russian, Ukraine, ndi ena ambiri. Komabe, kuti kukhalapo pafupi ndi nyama yokongola komanso yoseketsayi kubweretsa chisangalalo chokha, ndibwino kuti musagwire nthumwi zakutchire, koma kugula gologolo kumalo osungira ana. Nthawi yomweyo, mutha kudziwa zambiri zamomwe mungakonzekeretsere nyumba ya msungwana wopanda pake kuti asakuwonongereni zonse zomwe zili mnyumba yanu, koma nthawi yomweyo amamva bwino, komanso zomwe ayenera kudyetsa, komanso momwe mungamulolere azisilira.

Chiwembu chavidiyo

Zambiri zosangalatsa

• Zilonda za agologolo zimakula m'moyo wonse ndipo gologolo amafunika kuzipera nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, ngati chiweto sichikhala ndi mwayi wokwanira kukukuta mano mwachidule, chimachita chilichonse chomwe chimapeza - kuphatikiza mipando ndi mawaya amagetsi.
• Agologolo amabadwa ndipo amakhala akhungu kwa nthawi yayitali, koma mawondo awo ali ndi zida zamphamvu komanso zakuthwa kuyambira pomwe adabadwa.
• Kutalika kwa gologoloyo kumafika mita imodzi pansi, mpaka mamita 4 molunjika kuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi komanso mpaka 15 m kutsetsereka pansi.
• Gologolo sakhala m chisa chimodzi moyo wake wonse. Gologolo mmodzi amatha kukhala ndi nyumba zokwana 15 nthawi imodzi, ndipo ngati pakufunika amapeza kapena kumanga zatsopano. Kuyenda pafupipafupi komanso kutentha kwanyumba kumalumikizidwa ndi kuwoneka kwa tizilombo tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala m'zisa.
• Gologolo wamphongo samanga zisa, amangokonzekeretsa zakale zomwe zapezeka.

Monga mukuwonera, agologolo ndi nyama zosangalatsa kwambiri zomwe zimatha kukopa mitima ya ana ndi akulu. Ndiwanzeru, odalira, osangalala komanso achidwi, ndizosangalatsa kuwayang'ana ndikusangalatsa kukhala mnyumba. Ndipo ngakhale muphunzire zochuluka motani za iwo, nthawi zonse padzakhala zambiri zosangalatsa komanso zosaphunzira zambiri. Ndipo ngati mungafune, mutha kukhala ndi chizolowezi chokhudzana ndi agologolo, koma sikutanthauza kukakamizidwa kwa ziweto zokongola m'nyumba mwanu: mutha kuphunzira zizolowezi zawo, kujambula zithunzi, kupeza zidziwitso zosowa za mitundu yonse ya agologolo ndi achibale awo oyandikira kwambiri ndikutolera ma protein a m'mabuku ndi nthano. Mulimonsemo, ngati mumakonda kwambiri zida zokongola za mchira izi, simudzasowa nazo chidwi.