Momwe mungakulire gloxinia kuchokera pa tsamba?

Brazil ndi kwawo kwa maluwa odabwitsa omwe kale anali kupezeka m'zipululu, m'malo otentha ndi madera otentha. Kutanthauzira koyamba kwa gloxinia kunapangidwa ndi botanist waku Germany B.P.Gloxin koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 18.

Patatha zaka zana, adapezeka m'maiko ambiri aku Europe. Odyetsa achita ntchito yapadziko lonse lapansi kuti woimira wokongola kwambiri wa banja la Gesneriev azikongoletsa zenera, osati nyumba zobiriwira zokha komanso minda yokha.

Masiku ano, okonda maluwa ambiri amakula gloxinia kunyumba ndipo amafalitsa kuchokera pa tsamba. Kodi ndizovuta?

Ndi chiyani?

Dzina la botolo la Gloxinia ndi Sinningia, ndipo amalima amalitcha Gloxinia. Zomwe zimapangitsa dzina lachilendo lachilengedwe ndikulimbikira m'mabuku ophunzitsira za W. Sinning (director of the garden at the University of Bonn), yemwe anali kugwira nawo ntchito yoswana ndi kutenga nawo mbali.

Gloxinia ili ndi maluwa omwe amawoneka ngati mabelu.... Kutengera mtundu, ndizosavuta kapena zosavuta. Mtundu wa masambawo umasiyana. Oimira ena apundana m'mbali mwa maluwawo, pomwe ena amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanayo.

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu ya gloxinia sikungotengera zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa. Maluwa onse ndi osiyana mosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Zomwezo zitha kunenedwa ndi mapesi amaluwa ndi masamba.

Njira zoberekera

Pali njira zotsatirazi zoswana:

• mbewu;
• kugawanika kwa tuber;
• Zitha kubzalidwa ndi masamba odulidwa.

Florists kawirikawiri amafesa mbewu... Pali zifukwa zake. Njira yobereketsa iyi ndiyotopetsa. Pambuyo pake - kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, chisakanizo cha dothi chimakonzedwa. Zimapangidwa kuchokera ku peat, nthaka ya masamba ndi mchenga (1: 1: 1). Amatsanulira m'mabokosi otsika kwambiri.

Pambuyo pokonza nthaka, imayikidwa pamalo otentha komanso owala. Mu Novembala, mbewu zimafesedwa, zomwe zimathiriridwa nthawi zonse ndi madzi ofunda. Mphukira imawonekera m'masabata 2-3, ndipo masamba awiri atayamba kutuluka, amathamangira pansi, nakhala pansi pamtunda wa 20 mm wina ndi mnzake.

Chosankha chachiwiri chimapangidwa masamba awiri achitatu akuwonekera - 50 mm. Yakwana nthawi yoti asankhe chachitatu: mbande zamera kale ndikusokoneza kukula kwa wina ndi mnzake. Mtunda wawonjezeka mpaka 10 cm.

Pofalitsa chomeracho ndi masamba obiriwira, sankhani masamba oyenerampaka ndi 10 mm petiole. Amabzalidwa munkhokwe yapadera yopangidwa ndi mchenga ndi peat (1: 0.5).

Dothi likakhala lokonzeka, kudula kumazika mizu, kuthirira ndikuphimbidwa ndi mtsuko. Kamodzi patsiku, chidebe chimachotsedwa kwa kotala la ola limodzi, potero zimawulutsa.

Ndi kusungunula uku, patatha milungu 2.5-3, ma tubers adzawonekera kumapeto komwe adabzala panthaka. Amabzala mumiphika yaying'ono, ndipo pakatha miyezi ingapo amasangalala ndi maluwa ambiri a gloxinia.

Kufalitsa kwamphamvu ndi njira yowopsa.

Olima maluwa odziwa zambiri amadziwa izi. Nthawi zina kuvunda pa tuber kumanyalanyazidwa, ndipo pambuyo pake amadabwa chifukwa chomwe chomeracho chidamwalira.

Ndibwino kuti muyang'ane bwino ma tubers, dulani zowola ngati kuli kofunikira, ndipo mutatha kutuluka kwa masentimita awiri, mulekanitseni ndi mpeni wakuthwa ndikuwaza magawo ndi kaboni. Chidutswa chilichonse chimabzalidwa mumphika wosiyana, ndipo kuthirira koyamba kumachitika masiku atatu mutabzala.

Kodi ungamulere chonchi?

Inde, ngati muli ndi shank 2-4 cm. Mizu ikaonekera, chomeracho chimabzalidwa pansi.

Ndondomeko ndondomeko

Sizomera zonse zomwe zimagulidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa maluwa. Nthawi zina mutha "kuwabera" kwa bwenzi kapena mnzanu wapanyumba. Kuti achite izi, amang'amba tsamba, kenako ndikulibzala. Izi zachitika ndi gloxinia.

Ngati wachita bwino, kukongola posachedwa. Tsamba lofalitsa limatengedwa laling'ono ndikudulidwa masamba atawonekera. Kutalika kwa petiole ikadulidwa kuyenera kukhala 3 cm... Mukapanda kuuika m'madzi nthawi yake, imafota.

Maphunziro

Kodi ndizotheka kubzala tsamba nthawi yomweyo ndi chogwirira pansi? Kodi. Poterepa, chomeracho chimapatsa mizu kale mumphika. Palinso njira ina yomwe mizu imawonekera.

Tsambalo limayikidwa mu kapu yaying'ono, momwe amathira madzi owiritsa. Monga lamulo, olima maluwa amachita momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, i.e. tsamba limabzalidwa mwachindunji pansi. Tsamba lodulidwa lidagawika m'magawo 2-3.

Amabzala mu gawo lokhathamira pang'ono.... Zimapangidwa kuchokera ku peat, nthaka ya masamba ndi mchenga (1: 1: 0.5). Ndi bwino kuti musadye mopitirira muyeso ndi mankhwala, chifukwa apo ayi dothi silipumira komanso kumasuka. Ndibwinonso kuipewetsa mankhwala pasadakhale pogula mankhwala a Maxim ndikuwachotsa monga zalembedwera m'malamulowo.

Kufika

Momwe mungabzalidwe molondola? Tsamba lirilonse liyenera kuyikidwa mu chikho chosungunuka chodzaza ndi gawo lapansi lokhathamira pang'ono. Kenako amaliphimba ndi zokutira pulasitiki kuti nthaka iwonongeke pang'onopang'ono. Simufunikiranso kuthirira ngati mutaphimba chikho chilichonse mwamphamvu.

Ndibwino kuti musakhudze gloxinia kachiwirikotero kuti mphukira zazing'ono zimawonekera pazidutswazi. Izi zichitika patadutsa mwezi umodzi ndi theka. Mphukira zoyamba zikangopangidwa, zimabzalidwa m'nthaka maluwa akulu. Nthaka ya violets ndiyabwino.

Mphukira imayikidwa mu dzenje laling'ono 1.5 cm kuchokera m'mphepete. Pambuyo kuthirira kuchokera mu botolo la kutsitsi, mphika wa gloxinia umayikidwa pawindo, lomwe limalandira kuwala kwadzuwa.

Kusankha mphika "woyenera"

Gloxinia imakula bwino ngati yabzalidwa m'mbale yayikulu komanso yosaya... Ngati chomeracho ndichachichepere, mphikawo uyenera kukhala masentimita 7-10. Ngati ali wamkulu, ndiye kuti 11-15 cm.

Kukula gloxinia mu pulasitiki kapena mphika wadothi kumaloledwa.

Kodi ndi nthaka yanji yomwe ikufunika?

Gloxinia imabzalidwa m'nthaka yolimba yomwe imalola mpweya kudutsa bwino. Momwe akadakwanitsira acidity ndi 6.5.

Momwe mungamere?

Mutha kubzala gloxinia ndi tsamba posankha chaching'ono kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, amadula pamitsempha yolimba. Petiole amadulidwa, koma osati onse: kuposa 2 cm yatsala. Pofuna kupewa mavuto ndikucheka pamitsempha, tengani mpeni wakuthwa kwambiri.

Zomwe zimabzalidwa mu chidebe chokhala ndi nthaka yonyowa, yokutidwa ndi zojambulazo ndikudikirira kuti masamba oyamba awonekere.

Kusamalira kunyumba

Osamalira maluwa amawona chisamaliro cha gloxinia kukhala chosavuta... Mukamasamalira, muyenera kuganizira zina. Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa nyengo yakumapeto ndi kukula. Pofika kasupe, mphika umayikidwa pazenera loyatsa bwino ndikuthirira nthawi zambiri.

Mutha kuthirira chomeracho mu thireyi kapena mphika. Chinyezi sichiyenera kufika maluwa ndi masamba. Pafupipafupi kuthirira kumachepa kuyambira koyambirira kwa Ogasiti, ndipo mu Seputembala imayimitsidwa palimodzi. Chifukwa chosowa chinyezi, masambawo amafota. Chomeracho chimadulidwa kwathunthu ndikusungidwa m'malo amdima komanso ozizira.

Nthawi zambiri kuthirira m'miyezi yozizira kamodzi pamasabata atatu. Ngati kuthirira kumachitika pafupipafupi, gloxinia iphulikanso, muyenera kudula ma peduncles onse ndikuchokanso.

Chimamasula liti?

Ngati muchita zonse bwino, gloxinia ikachulukitsa, masamba oyamba adzawoneka kuchokera pa tsamba miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena isanu ndi iwiri pambuyo pake. Pofika nthawi imeneyo, imakhala ndi masamba 6-7.

Kanemayo pansipa amafotokoza momwe angafalikire gloxinia ndi chidutswa cha tsamba.

Mapeto

Kukongola kwa gloxinia kumakulanso kuchokera patsamba... Komanso, mlimi aliyense amakhala ndi ufulu wosankha momwe angakwaniritsire zomwe akufuna. Tsambalo limatha kugawidwa m'mitsempha, kapena mutha kusiya mizu yaying'ono, yomwe imatha kuzika m'madzi kapena pansi. Patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, chomeracho chidzakula bwino.