Begonia yafota: ndichite chiyani kenako?

Chinthu chachikulu chomwe timayembekezera kuchokera ku maluwa ndi kukongola kwa maluwa awo. Koma posakhalitsa nthawi imeneyi imatha, masambawo amafota, ndipo kumangotsalira zobiriwira zokha.

Kodi kusamalira mwachangu maluwa amnyumba kumathera pamenepo? Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani panthawiyi kuti chaka chamawa chomeracho chiziphuka bwino kwambiri?

M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane kutha kwa maluwa, ndikuphunzira momwe tingasamalire bwino panthawiyi. Komanso tione kusiyana kotani pakati pa begonias wosautsa ndi iwo omwe ali ndi mizu wamba.

Kufotokozera kwathunthu

Chomerachi chimadziwika ndi ambiri, koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa kuti ndi mitundu ingati ya begonias yomwe ilipo. Poyamba, pali mitundu yokongola yazokongoletsa yomwe yamtengo wapatali chifukwa cha kukongola kwa masamba awo. Mtundu wa zomerazi ndi wodabwitsa: wofiira, pinki, wofiirira, wotuwa, pafupifupi wakuda, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba obiriwira, yosanjikiza, ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa. Mawonekedwe a tsamba ndilosakhazikika, amafanana ndi chobowoleza chopindika, bwalo lozungulira, kapena tsamba la mapulo. Zimayambira ndi minofu, wandiweyani.

M'nkhaniyi tikambirana za mitundu ina - maluwa begonia. Chomerachi chapezeka bwino kwambiri pano: ofiira, achikasu, ofiirira, pinki ndi maluwa oyera oyera ali ndi zitsamba zenizeni.

Malo achilengedwe a maluwa okongola awa ndi South America, Asia ndi Africa. Amachokera kubanja la begonia, ali ndi mitundu yopitilira 1000. Wotchedwa pambuyo pa Kazembe wa Haiti, Michel Begon Wamkulu, yemwe amakhala m'zaka za zana la 17, pomwe mtundu wa begonias udapezeka.

Zimamasula liti komanso motani?

Nthawi yamaluwa imadalira pazinthu zingapo:

1. Bzalani mitundu. Kawirikawiri, zomera zosavuta zimaphuka nthawi yayitali kuposa zina ziwiri zazikulu.
2. Chisamaliro. Ngati zofunikira pakasungidwe (kutentha, chinyezi, kuyatsa, dothi ndi mphika) sizinaperekedwe ndipo palibe chisamaliro choyenera (kuthirira koyenera, kudyetsa, kudulira), maluwa akhoza kukhala osakhalitsa, kapena ayi.
3. Njira yokula. Ngati mukubzala mbewu pamalo otseguka, ndiye kuti nthawi yamaluwa imachepetsedwa ndi nthawi yake chifukwa cha nyengo komanso kufunika kofikira m'nyumba. Komabe, mitundu ina, monga begonia yomwe imayamba maluwa, ikamadzazidwa kuchokera mu nthaka kupita mu mphika, imafalikira ngakhale masika asanafike. Mupeza malangizo amomwe mungasamalire potonia begonia munkhani ina.
4. Mitundu ya mizu. Ma begonias ali ndi mitundu yokhala ndi mizu ya tuberous komanso wamba. Yoyamba imamasula nthawi yachilimwe-nthawi yophukira, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira ma tubers amayenera kukumbidwa. Yotsirizira akhoza pachimake pafupifupi chaka chonse.
5. Kuyambira nthawi yakudzuka. Ngati chomeracho chagona, ndiye kuti chilichonse chimadalira nthawi komanso momwe angadzutsire chomeracho moyenera. Nthawi zambiri amayamba kuchita izi kumapeto kwa Okutobala. Kenako maluwa adzayamba kuwonekera pofika Epulo-Meyi.

Pamakalata. Nthawi yayitali yamaluwa yamitundu yodziwika kwambiri imayamba kuyambira Meyi mpaka Okutobala-Novembala.

Muphunzira zoyenera kuchita ngati duwa silikuphuka m'nkhaniyi.

Mawonekedwe:

Begonia ili ndi maluwa ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha: pali maluwa achikazi okhala ndi ma pistils, ndi maluwa amphongo okhala ndi stamens. Momwe mungasiyanitsire wina ndi mnzake:

• Kumbuyo kwa duwa, maluwa achikazi ali ndi chotupa - mbewu yamtsogolo yamtambo, maluwa amphongo alibe chilichonse pamenepo.
• Maluwa a Terry m'mitundu yofananira imangokhala yamphongo, maluwa awiri achikazi sali. Koma maluwa achimuna, nthawi yomweyo, amatha kukhala osavuta.
• Ngati mumvetsetsa momwe ma pistils ndi ma stamens amawonekera, mutha kungozipanga. Mwa njira, maluwa ena awiri amphongo amatha kukhala opanda stamens konse. Ndi ma stamens omwe amasinthidwa omwe amachititsa maluwawo kukhala ofunda.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Kuchotsa maluwa achikazi pakapangidwe kake kumatha kukulitsa nyengo yamaluwa begonias, komanso kuwonjezera mphamvu yake. Koma pokhapokha ngati simukufuna mbewu.

Bzalani nthawi yamaluwa

Kuyambira podzuka, chomeracho chimayamba kudziunjikira mphamvu ndi michere ya maluwa omwe akubwera. Ziphuphu zimayikidwa, ziwalo zoberekera zimapangidwa.

Pamene begonia imakhala yokonzeka kuswana, choyamba yamphongo kenako maluwa achikazi amamasula. Ngati mungu umachitika, womwe umachitika ndi dzanja, ndiye kuti maluwa amphongo amafota, ndipo mwa akazi, bokosi lazipatso lomwe lili ndi mbewu limayamba kupsa. Ino ndi nthawi yayikulu kwambiri pantchitoyo.

Munthawi imeneyi, amadya zakudya zambiri komanso zinthu zina zofunikira. Kusintha kwakanthawi kofulumira kumafuna madzi, kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kutentha.

Zoyenera kuchita kenako ndi masamba opota?

Ngakhale nthawi yamaluwa yogwira, masamba onse osowa amachotsedwa. Wina amadula mosamala, wina amapotoza. Chifukwa chake pang'onopang'ono mutha kuchotsa gawo lonse lamaluwa, ndipo kumapeto kwa maluwa, funsolo lidzatha lokha. Chifukwa chiyani? Mukamachita maluwa motere mumasunga mphamvu ya chomeracho kuti iphulike bwino. Pamapeto pa nthawi ino, mumathandizanso chomeracho kuti chisiye zinthu zosafunikira kuti mukonzekere kugona. Ndipo pamapeto pake, maluwa opota sakhala osangalatsa, amawononga mawonekedwe a begonia, amawapangitsa kukhala osasamala, osasamala.

Kutchulidwa. Ngati maluwa anu achikazi achita mungu ndipo zipatso zipangidwe, ndiye kuti mutha kupeza mbewu.

Pachifukwa ichi, zipatso zazikulu kwambiri komanso zathanzi zotsalira, zina zonse zimadulidwa. Patadutsa masiku 20-25 maluwa atatha, bokosi limapsa. Itsegulidwa ndipo mbewu zimatengedwa. Zomera zatsopano zingapezeke kuchokera ku mbewu izi ndi mmera.

Kusamalira kunyumba patatha nthawi imeneyi

Pakati pa maluwa, chomeracho chimafuna kuwala, madzi ndi zakudya zambiri, koma njira yowonongera mphamvu inali itatha ndipo kunali koyenera kusamutsa begonia kumalo osakhalitsa. Ndikofunika kuti pang'onopang'ono muchepetse kuchuluka ndi kuthirira, kuvala ndi kuyatsa mwamphamvu.

Chochita ndi icho pamene chaphulika chimadalira mtundu wa mizu.

Zowopsa

Chifukwa kusunga chomeracho mpaka chaka chamawa, ma tubers amayenera kukumbidwa. Muyenera kuchita izi molondola:

1. Maluwa akangotha, kuthirira kumachepa kwambiri. Madzi okhaokha kuti nthaka isaume konse.
2. Dulani mphukira zochuluka ndi masamba.
3. Chomeracho chimayikidwa pamalo owala pang'ono. Munthawi imeneyi, muzu umapeza mphamvu kuti ipange masamba.
4. Zonse zikakhala pansi pouma, tuber imachotsedwa m'nthaka.
5. Mphukira zouma zimadulidwa.
6. Yang'anani zowola. Ngati pali malo ovunda, m'pofunika kuwadula kuti ayeretse nsalu ndi mpeni wakuthwa, kuwaza malasha osweka ndi owuma.
7. Mitumbayi imakololedwa m'thumba losindikizidwa ndi mchenga wonyowa pang'ono, kapena utuchi, ndikuyika chitseko cha firiji mpaka masika.

Momwe mungasungire begonia tubers m'nyengo yozizira:

Zosiyanasiyana ndi mizu yabwinobwino

Non-tuberous begonias amatha pachimake pafupifupi mpaka masika. Komabe, ndibwino kupatsa chomeracho mpumulo. Za ichi muyenera kusintha momwe mungasungire duwa kuyambira Novembala-Disembala, maluwa omwe atangoyamba kumene adayamba kutha:

• Lekani kuthira feteleza.
• Chepetsani kuthirira momwe mungathere, kuthirani madzi pokhapokha ngati nthaka ya pamwamba yauma.
• Dulani chomeracho, chotsani mphukira zosafunikira kwathunthu, dulani zazikuluzo mpaka masentimita 12 mpaka 15. Fukani malo odulidwayo ndi ufa wamakala.
• Thirani mpweya kuzungulira maluwawo, kapena perekani chinyezi chabwinonso mwanjira ina. Mutha kuyika thireyi ndimadzi, koma mphikawo sungakhale m'madzi. Nthangalwi zimatha kutsanulidwa paphalapo, pomwe mphika udzaima.

  Kumbukirani! Ndizosatheka kupopera mbewu zonse!

• Sungani begonia pakona yakuda. Kuunikira kowala kumapangitsa kupitiriza kwa maluwa, ndipo masamba amtsogolo-amabzala amayikidwa munthawi yochepa masana.
• Kutentha panthawiyi kuyenera kutsitsidwa mpaka madigiri 10-15.

Kubzala begonia wamaluwa nthawi yonse yozizira:

Kudzuka bwanji?

Kumapeto kwa February, muyenera kukonzekera chomera chotsatira maluwa:

1. Ma tubers amayendetsedwa, owazidwa madzi ndikuyika thumba pamalo owala komanso ofunda a 22-25 madigiri.
2. Zipatso zikangowonekera, zimabzalidwa mumphika ndi dothi (werengani momwe mungasankhire mphika wamaluwa ndikusamalira begonia mumphika pano). Kuya kuya kwa 2/3 kutalika kwa tuber.
3. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono madzi okwanira ndikukhala pamalo ofunda, owala. Mudzazindikira momwe mungathirire chomera pano.
4. Ziphukazo zikalimbikitsidwa, dziko lapansi limakutidwa ndi kolala yazu. Apa ndipomwe mizu imadutsa pamwambapa pamwambapa.
5. Non-tuberous begonias amangosamutsidwa kupita kumalo owala, ofunda, othiriridwa nthawi zambiri.
6. Chomera chikadzuka ndikuyamba kukula, amayamba kuchidyetsa. Pachifukwa ichi, feteleza amadzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amapangidwira maluwa. Tinalemba apa za momwe tingadyetse begonia maluwa ambiri.

Mapeto

Osati kokha kumapeto kwa nyengo maluwa, muyenera kupereka chomeracho mosamala. Kutha kwamaluwa ndichinthu chotsatira kumapeto kwa chisamaliro cha begonia chaka chonse. Momwe duwa limayambira chaka chamawa zimadalira momwe adamaliza chaka chatha. Samalirani zomera chaka chonse, poganizira zofunikira za nyengo zosiyanasiyana.

Onerani kanemayo: Njoli Shopping Centre (June 2024).