Pakhomo chomera aphelandra chikuwonekera: kufotokoza, chisamaliro, kubereka ndi matenda am'maluwa

Afelandra yotupa ndi mlendo wabwino wochokera ku South America. Chifukwa cha masamba ndi maluwa ake osazolowereka, athandizadi amalimi ambiri.

Koma kukongola kopambanaku ndi chomera chopanda tanthauzo chomwe chimafuna chisamaliro chapadera ndi chisamaliro kunyumba. Kupatula apo, kulakwitsa konse pazomwe zili mumtunduwu kumatha kubweretsa kugwa kwa masamba ndi maluwa, ndipo nthawi zina kumwalira kwa chomeracho. M'nkhaniyi, tikukuuzani za maluwa okongola awa.

Kufotokozera za mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a duwa

Afelandra yotupa imachokera kubanja la Acanthus. Dziko lakwawo lokulirapo ndi Mexico. Ku Russia, ndi chomera chodziwika bwino chamkati kuchokera ku Afelandr. Dzina lina ndi squarrosa.

Masamba a duwa lozungulira-elliptical ndi lalikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi 20-30 cm m'litali. Zili moyang'anizana. Mbali yakumtunda yonyezimira ya mbale ya masamba ndi yobiriwira mdima. Pamwamba pake pamatulutsidwa mikwingwirima yoyera, yoyera pakati pamitsempha yapakatikati, yopanga zokongoletsa zoyera. Pansi pamasamba a chomeracho ndimtundu wowala.

Maluwa awiri okhala ndi milomo iwiri ya Afelandra amasonkhanitsidwa mumitundu yozungulira ya 30 cm inflorescence yamtundu wa quadrangular. Maluwa achikaso owoneka okongola awa ozunguliridwa ndi ma bracts owala a lalanje.

Chomeracho chimamasula kuyambira Meyi mpaka Novembala. Ndibwino kuti mudule inflorescence yomwe yasowa.

Zofunikira pakusunga ndi kusamalira chomera chanyumba

Kuyatsa

Kukongola kumeneku ku Mexico kumakonda kuyatsa kowala, koma osati kowala kwambiri. Mukaika duwa pazenera lakumwera, ndiye kuti liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi dzuwa lowala masana. Chifukwa chake, zidzakhala bwino komanso zotetezeka pazenera lakummawa kapena kumadzulo.

Kutentha

Chomeracho sichimafuna kwambiri kutentha. Koma ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti m'miyezi yachisanu kutentha sikutsika pansi pa 15-16 ° C. M'chilimwe, duwa limayenerana ndi kutentha kwa 22-25 ° C.

Nthaka

Afelandra imafunikira nthaka yopanda ndale kapena yolimba pang'ono. Mutha kukonzekera gawo lapansi la maluwa kunyumba.

Kuti mukonze nthaka, muyenera kutenga magawo ofanana:

• nthaka ya sod;
• nthaka yovuta;
• humus;
• peat;
• mchenga wamtsinje.

Afelandra imafuna nthaka yonyowa nthawi zonse. Ngati nyengo ya Afelandra m'malo ozizira, ndiye kuti kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Kuyanika nthaka kumawononga chomeracho, komanso kuthira madzi.

Kuthirira

Thirani madzi mtundu uwu wa mbeu uyenera kukhala wopepuka. Koma gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono. Kuti muchite izi, duwa limayikidwa thireyi ndi madzi, koma pansi pa mphika payenera kukhala ngalande kuchokera ku timiyala kapena dongo lokulitsa.

Pofuna kuteteza masamba ndi zimayambira za Afelandra kuti zisaume, amayenera kuthiriridwa madzi ozizira okhazikika kuchokera mu botolo la utsi.

Zovala zapamwamba

Ndikofunikira kudyetsa chomeracho nthawi yokula (masika-chirimwe). Njirayi iyenera kuchitika nthawi imodzi m'masiku 8-14, popeza duwa limafunikira nthaka yolemera kuti ikule bwino ndi maluwa.

Feteleza ku Afelandra:

1. "Kutengera" kwa Bona Forte - amathandiza duwa panthawi yosinthira pambuyo pobzala ndi koyambirira kwa kukula. Imalola chomeracho kupulumuka kupsinjika pakusintha kutentha, kuthirira, ma drafts.
2. Bona fort - feteleza wamadzi wadziko lonse lapansi. Amapatsa chomeracho chakudya chamagulu, chopatsa thanzi, kumawonjezera kukongoletsa kwa duwa, imapatsa masamba ake utoto wowonjezera, imakulitsa nyengo ndi kukongola kwa maluwa.
3. Agricola - ili ndi nayitrogeni, magnesium, potaziyamu, phosphorous ndi zofufuza zofunika kuzomera kuti zikule bwino ndi maluwa. Mankhwalawa ali ndi mphamvu zomwe zimapangitsa chitetezo cha duwa kukhala cholimba, kuti chikhale cholimba ku matenda ndi tizirombo. Amapangidwa ngati mawonekedwe amadzimadzi, gawo lowuma kuchokera ku granules kapena timitengo.

Kudulira

Kudulira, monga kutsina, ndikofunikira kuti Afelandra ipange korona wolondola komanso wokongola. Masamba omwe ali pamwamba pa mphukira amachotsedwa pazomera zazing'ono. Kwa mbewu zazikulu, kudulira masika kumakhala ngati kukonzanso kwa tchire. Zimayambira zimafupikitsidwa ndi theka la kutalika kwake. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, duwa limafuna kupopera mobwerezabwereza.

Kuti mbewuyo izizolowera msanga ikadulira, imayikidwa pansi pa thumba la pulasitiki.

Tumizani

Zomera zazing'ono zosakwana zaka zitatu ziyenera kubzalidwa chaka chilichonsemizu yawo ikamakula mofulumira ndipo mphikawo umatha kupanikizika kuti duwalo likule bwino.

Akuluakulu amaikidwa kamodzi kokha zaka zinayi zilizonse. Marichi-Epulo ndi nthawi yabwino kubzala Afelandra.

Zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuphatikizidwa mu gawo lapansi lodzala mbewu mofanana:

• mchenga wamtsinje;
• peat;
• humus;
• dulani nthaka ndi makala;
• nkhungu.

Kubereketsa kunyumba

Mbewu

1. Mbeu za Afelandra bulging zimafesedwa kumapeto kwa dzinja. Nthaka yobzala mbande iyenera kukhala ndi nthaka ya masamba ndi mchenga wolimba. Chidebecho chimayenera kutenthedwa pansi ndi kutentha pafupifupi 23 ° C.
2. Mbande zikangotuluka m'nthaka, zimamira pansi pamadzi.
3. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mbewu zazing'ono zimatulutsa inflorescence chaka chomwecho.

Zocheka za apical

Njira yotchuka kwambiri komanso yosavuta yotulutsa maluwa. Zodula zimachitika mchaka malinga ndi ziwembu izi:

1. Choyamba, mphika kapena bokosi laling'onoting'ono limakonzedwa ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi nthaka yokhala ndi mchenga wolimba.
2. Kenako mphukira yathanzi imasankhidwa ndikudulidwa kutalika kwa masentimita 10 kuchokera pamwamba pa chomeracho. Phesi liyenera kukhala ndi msinkhu wokula ndi masamba 3-4 opangidwa bwino.
3. Mmera wobzalidwa m'nthaka wokonzedwa bwino uyenera kuthiriridwa bwino, wokutidwa ndi chivundikiro chagalasi ndikuyikidwa mchipinda chotentha chokhala ndi kutentha kwa pafupifupi 25 ° C.
4. Pogona ayenera kuchotsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti mpweya wokwanira cuttings.
5. Kuwombera mizu kumachitika pakatha miyezi iwiri.

Pambuyo pake, chomera chaching'ono chimaikidwa mumphika wokulirapo wokhalitsa.

Zodula

Aphelendra imafalikira ndi ma apical cuttings, ozika mizu m'madzi. Koma chomeracho chimakula pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chimafunikira chinyezi chokwanira, dzuwa, dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, koma osati lonyowa.

1. Afelandra ikamaliza kufalikira kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, masamba ake amadulidwa, pomwe masamba a axillary amasungidwa.
2. Mphukira imabzalidwa mu chidebe chokonzekera kale ndi gawo lapansi la mchenga wolimba ndi peat.
3. Kuyika mizu kwinanso kumachitika chimodzimodzi ndi cuttings apical.
4. Pachiyambi, kukula kwa mphukira kumatha kukhala kochedwa, chifukwa chake, kuyatsa bwino ndi kutentha kokwanira kwa mpweya kumafunika.

Matenda

Masamba akugwa

Zomwe zingayambitse tsamba kugwa zitha kukhala:

• kusowa kwa chinyezi, komwe kumayambitsa kuyanika kwa mizu;
• kutsitsa kutentha m'chipindacho;
• kupezeka kolemba nyumbayo;
• padzuwa lalikulu.

Masamba m'mbali mwake atenga utoto wofiirira

Izi zitha kutumikiridwa:

• kusowa kwa mpweya wabwino;
• kutentha ndi dzuwa;
• chinyezi chochepa;
• nkhungu yamasamba.

Ma inflorescence amafota

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe inflorescences amafota ndi kukhalapo kwa duwa kwanthawi yayitali.

Tizirombo tambiri

Zishango

Chotsalira chimatsalira pa tsinde ndi masamba a chomeracho, momwe bowa la sooty limapangidwira, lomwe limakwirira masamba a masamba, ndikumata ma pores. Chotsatira chake, ndondomeko ya photosynthesis ya duwa imachedwetsa, masamba ake amayamba kusanduka achikasu ndikugwa.

Njira yolimbana: tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pofuna kupewa kukula kwakukulu kwa tiziromboti, m'pofunika kukhazikitsa njira yopumira mpweya mchipinda chokhala ndi zomera zamkati, tikulimbikitsanso kupopera utsi pafupipafupi, ndikuwonjezera chinyezi cha mlengalenga. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka mchilimwe komanso nthawi yotentha.

Mealybugs

Tiziromboti tating'onoting'ono tomwe tikugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri timatulutsa mamina oyera, omwe amalepheretsa kusinthana kwa gasi kwa mbewuyo. Maluwawo amawoneka ngati owazidwa ufa.

Njira yolimbana: Kuika mazira ndi tizirombo tokha kumachotsedwa ndi swab ya thonje yoviikidwa mu yankho ili: 2 tbsp amatengedwa 1 litre yankho la sopo. supuni za vodka. Kenako chomeracho chikuyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Kangaude

Amakhala kumunsi kwamapaleti, kumatafuna pamalo awo ndikuyamwa madzi. Masambawo amakhala okutidwa ndi mawanga oyera, kutuwa, kufota ndi kugwa. Chomeracho chimakutidwa ndi matcbbbs.

Njira yolimbana: kugwiritsa ntchito ma acaricidal agents. Popeza kukula kochulukirapo ndikubala kwa nthata za kangaude zimachitika mouma mpweya wotentha, m'pofunika kutulutsa mosamala chipinda chomwe mbewu zimakula ndikupopera mbewu nthawi yotentha.

Nsabwe za m'masamba

Amakhala m'magulu akulu, amachulukana mwachangu kwambiri. Tiziromboto timaboola malo a masamba ndi mphukira ndi zikopa zawo zakuthwa ndipo timayamwa timadziti ta mbewu. Duwa limazimiririka pang'onopang'ono.

Njira yolimbana: sambani tiziromboti ndi mazira awo kuchokera ku chomeracho mothandizidwa ndi shawa, ndikuphimba nthaka ndi mizu kuchokera m'madzi. Ndiye duwa liyenera kuthandizidwa ndikukonzekera mtundu uwu wa tizilombo.

Mapeto

Kukula kwa Afelandra kumakula bwino ndipo kumamasula m'nyumba, ndipo palibe zovuta zapadera pakulima. Koma kuti nyumba yanu ikhale yathanzi komanso yopangidwa bwino, imafunikira chisamaliro choyenera komanso chisamaliro (werengani za malamulo osamalira mitundu yonse ya chomerachi kunyumba). Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyesetsa kwambiri ndikupanga maluwa omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi chilengedwe chawo.

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