Jaén ku Andalusia - likulu la mafuta ku Spain
Jaén ili m'chigawo cha Spain pafupi ndi phiri la Santa Catalina. Andalusia amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino, anthu adasankha malowa zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo, kwa nthawi yayitali Aroma, Aluya ndi Akhristu adawamenyera. Masiku ano Jaén ku Spain ali ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, zipilala zambiri zakale komanso zomangamanga, komanso, minda yazitona yopanda malire yomwe ikupezeka.
Zina zambiri
Ngati mukukonzekera ulendo wopita ku Andalusia, onetsetsani kuti mupite ku tawuni yosakhala alendo ku Spain pazifukwa zingapo. Yoyamba ndi zipilala zakale, zambiri zomwe zidamangidwa nthawi ya ulamuliro wama Moor. Chachiwiri - Jaén amatchedwa likulu la mafuta, chifukwa 20% yazinthu zonse padziko lapansi zimapangidwa kuno. Polowa mumzindawu, alendo amabwera kudzaona mizere yobiriwira.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Pali mitengo pafupifupi 15 mwa wokhalamo wa Jaén ku Andalusia.
Jaén ndiye likulu la chigawo cha dzina lomweli, lomwe lili kumwera kwa dzikolo. Poyerekeza ndi midzi ina m'chigawo cha Jaén, ndi mzinda waukulu; pafupifupi anthu 117,000 amakhala pano kudera la 424.3 km2. Anthu am'mudzimo amatcha Jaén ngale ya Andalusia ndipo ali ndi ufulu kutero, chifukwa zipilala zake zambiri ndi zomangamanga zimadziwika ndi UNESCO ngati cholowa padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, mzindawu sindiwo oyang'anira okha, komanso likulu lazachuma m'chigawochi.
Ulendo wammbiri
Mfundo yakuti Jaén ku Spain ali ndi zokopa zambiri imasonyeza kuti mbiri ya mzindawo ili ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Zaka zikwi zisanu zapitazo, anthu adakhazikika pano, adasiya kukumbukira zojambula zawo, zomwe tsopano zadziwika kuti ndi gawo la cholowa cha dziko lapansi.
M'zaka za zana lachisanu BC. Amberia adakhazikika ku Jaen, adasinthidwa ndi a Carthaginians, ndipo m'zaka za zana lachiwiri BC. Aroma analimbitsa mzindawo. Ndi Aarabu, Jaen "adakula" ndikukhala likulu la ufumu wachisilamu, komabe, patadutsa zaka 500 akhristu adayambiranso kulamulira.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Tsoka ilo, palibe zipilala zakale mumzinda wa Andalusia, koma zakale zaku Arab zasungidwa pano paliponse.
Malo omwe Jaén amakhala ku Spain nthawi zonse amawawona kuti ndi ofunikira, ndichifukwa chake dzina lake lachiwiri ndi Ufumu Woyera. Ngakhale pambuyo pa kugonjetsedwa kwa Jaén ndi akhristu, mzindawo nthawi zambiri unkasokonezedwa ndi Asilamu.
M'zaka za zana la 19, aku France adakhazikika mumzindawu, nthawi iyi ndi yovuta, pokumbukira nthawi zovuta, mkaidi womangidwa mndende amasungidwa mndende ya Santa Catalina Palace.
Nthawi yotsatira yovuta m'mbiri ya Jaen inali Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni, yomwe idayamba kuyambira 1936 mpaka 1939. Pakadali pano, anthu adagwidwa ambiri mumzinda, ndende zidadzaza.
Zowoneka
Mzinda wa Spain ndi wokongola wokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera, osamvetsetseka, onetsetsani izi poyenda misewu yake, kupumula mu cafe, kusilira kukongola kwachilengedwe. Tapanga zosankha zosangalatsa za Jaén.
Katolika
Jaén Cathedral ndi yomwe imasankhidwa kukhala nyumba yabwino kwambiri ku Spain. Inamangidwa zaka mazana awiri, sizosadabwitsa kuti masitaelo osiyanasiyana amaphatikizika pakupanga kwake.
M'zaka za zana la 13, Jaén adagonjetsedwa kuchokera kwa a Moor ndipo mzikiti idadzipereka kulemekeza Kukwera kwa Namwali, mpaka pakati pazaka za m'ma 1400 misonkhano yachikhristu idachitikira kuno. Kenako kachisiyo adawotchedwa, adaganiza zomanga tchalitchi chatsopano m'njira ya Gothic, komabe, omwe adapanga mapanganowo molakwika ndipo nyumbayo idadziwika kuti ndi yoopsa chifukwa chodyera masuku pamutu.
Ntchito yomanga kachisi watsopano idayamba kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 15. Malinga ndi dongosololi, chizindikirocho chimayenera kukhala ndi ma naves asanu, komabe nyumbayo sinakhazikike mokwanira, kotero idamangidwanso ndipo kalembedwe ka Renaissance adasankhidwa kukongoletsa. Ntchitoyi yakhala ikuchitika kwa zaka 230. Pakati pa zaka za zana la 17, kachisi adapatulidwa, koma mawonekedwe akumadzulo anali asanamalizidwe kwathunthu. Kwa iye, wokonza mapulani Eufrasio de Rojas, yemwe anali kugwira ntchito yomanga nthawi imeneyo, adasankha kalembedwe kabwino ka baroque. Nsanja zamapasa, zomwe zinali m'mphepete mwa kachisi, zidamalizidwa pakati pa zaka za zana la 18.
Nyumba ya kachisiyo idamangidwa mozungulira ngati mtanda, m'munsi mwake pali nkhono yamakona anayi, yophatikizidwa ndi matchalitchi. The facade amadziwika ngati chitsanzo cha Spanish Baroque, imakongoletsedwa ndi zifanizo, ziboliboli, zipilala. Chipinda chachikulu chili ndi zipata zitatu - Kukhululuka, Okhulupirira ndi ntchito imodzi ya ansembe.
Mkati mwake, kachisiyo amakongoletsedwanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana, ma naves amasiyanitsidwa ndi zipilala zomwe zimathamangira padenga, chipinda chokongoletsedwacho chimakhala ndi ma arches. Guwalo limapangidwa kalembedwe ka neoclassicism, ndi chosemedwa cha Namwali Maria - mumachitidwe a Gothic. Pakatikati pa tchalitchi chachikulu pali kwayala yokhala ndi mabenchi amitengo okongoletsedwa ndi zojambula; pansi pamiyala yoyimba pali manda.
Tchalitchichi chimakhalanso ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale yomwe imakhala ndi zinthu zaluso, zina zomwe ndizapadera.
Zofunika! Munthawi ya misonkhanoyi, khomo lolowera ku tchalitchi chachikulu ndi laulere, nthawi yonse yomwe mumafunikira tikiti, yomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kuyendera kachisi ndikuyendera malo owonera zakale.
Malo osambira achiarabu
Chokopacho chidamangidwa koyambirira kwa zaka za 11th, ndiye malo osambira akulu kwambiri munthawi ya Mauritania ku Andalusia. Malo osambiramo ali pansi pa Villardompardo Palace komanso Museum of Folk Crafts ndipo amayimira chikhalidwe ndi alendo oyendera mzindawu.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Malinga ndi nthano ina, mfumu ya National - Ali adaphedwa m'malo osambira achiarabu.
M'chipembedzo chachisilamu, kutsuka thupi kumafananizidwa ndi mtundu wina wa kuyeretsa moyo ndi malingaliro. Popeza si nzika iliyonse yomwe imatha kusamba mnyumbamo, nyumba zosambiramo zidamangidwa ku Jaen, komwe amuna ndi akazi amapita. Malo osambira a Jaen amakhala m'dera la 470 m2, ofukula za m'mabwinja atsimikizira kuti kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 12th malo osambira achiarabu adabwezeretsedwanso, kenako adasandutsidwa mashopu.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti malo osambira achiarabu anapezeka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, popeza pali nyumba yachifumu pamwamba pawo, yosungidwa bwino. Kubwezeretsa zovuta kunachitika mpaka 1984.
Masiku ano alendo amatha kuyendera zokopa ndikuwona:
- mlendo;
- chipinda chozizira;
- chipinda chotentha;
- chipinda chotentha.
Zothandiza:
- malo okopa: Plaza Santa Luisa de Marillac, 9 Jaén;
- ndandanda ya ntchito: tsiku lililonse kuyambira 11-00 mpaka 19-00;
- tikiti - 2.5 euros (kwa nzika za European Union, kuvomereza ndi kwaulere).
Zolemba: Kodi mungawone chiyani ku Madrid masiku awiri?
Nyumba Yachifumu ya Santa Catalina
Anthu okhala ku Castle Santa Catalina amatcha nyumbayi paphiri chifukwa imamangidwa paphiri ndipo imawoneka ngati mbiri yakumbuyo kwa mbiri yakale. Bwaloli ndi la Moor, koma dzina lachikhristu lidapatsidwa pakati pa zaka za 13th, pomwe mzindawu udayamba kulamulidwa ndi Ferdinand III waku Castile.
Kuchokera kutalika kwa 820 m, mapiri a Sierra Nevada, mitengo yazitona zokongola, ndi midzi ikuwoneka bwino. Anthu adakhazikika paphiri la BC, monga zikuwonekera pazomwe zapezedwa kuyambira nthawi ya Bronze Age. Zomangamanga zoyamba zidamangidwa pano pansi pa a Carthaginians, kenako pansi pa King Alhamar linga lidakulitsidwa, kulimbikitsidwa, panali tchalitchi cha Gothic. Asitikali a Napoleon atakhazikika mu mzindawu, nyumbayi idakonzedwanso zida zankhondo. Kenako, kwazaka zambiri, palibe amene adakumbukira nyumbayi, ndipo mu 1931 chokha chodziwika bwino cha Jaén ku Spain chidalengezedwa ngati chikumbutso chambiri.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Lero ku nyumbayi simungangoyenda, komanso kukhala ku hotelo.
Zothandiza:
- nthawi yokopa: nyengo yozizira-masika - kuyambira 10-00 mpaka 18-00 (Lolemba-Loweruka), kuyambira 10-00 mpaka 15-00 (Lamlungu), nyengo yachilimwe - kuyambira 10-00 mpaka 14-00, kuyambira 17- 00 mpaka 21-00 (Lolemba-Loweruka), kuyambira 10-00 mpaka 15-00 (Lamlungu);
- mtengo wa tikiti - 3,50 euros;
- Kuloledwa ku gawo la zokopa kuli kwaulere Lachitatu lirilonse;
- maulendo amachitika kuyambira 12-00 mpaka 16-30 (Lolemba-Loweruka), pa 12-00 (Lamlungu), mtengo umaphatikizidwanso tikiti.
Malo oyang'anira La Cruz
Sitimayi yowonera ili pafupi ndi nyumba yachifumu ya Santa Catalina, palinso mtanda wachikumbutso polemekeza kugwidwa kwa Jaén ndi akhristu, chochitika chofunikira chidachitika m'zaka za zana la 13. Poyambirira, mtanda wamatabwa unayikidwa pamalopo, koma ataloleza, mtanda wamakono wamakono udayikidwa pano.
Mutha kukwera pamwamba pagalimoto, kukwera taxi, popeza ulendowu ndi wozungulira nthawi ndiufulu, mutha kubwera kuno nthawi iliyonse. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mukachezere malo owonera madzulo pakamayamba mdima ndipo magetsi akuyatsa mumzinda.
Werengani komanso: Maulendo ku Andalusia ochokera ku Malaga - ndi malangizo ati oti musankhe?
Museum wa Jaen
Ndiye nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale mzindawo ndipo imakhala ndi chiwonetsero chosatha cha zomwe akatswiri ofukula zakale apeza. Chiwonetserochi chikufotokoza zakukula kwa zaluso ndi chikhalidwe ku Jaen.
M'mbuyomu, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale inkatchedwa zigawo, yomwe ili pafupi ndi Cathedral, yomwe ili pa avenue la Estación. Pambuyo pakuphatikizika kwa malo osungiramo zinthu zakale awiri - Archaeological and Fine Arts, chikhomo chatsopano chatsegulidwa mnyumba yayikulu.
Zofukulidwa m'mabwinja zimapereka zomwe zikuwonetsa nthawiyo munthawi zingapo. Mwazina, pali zokongoletsa pamanda, zoumbaumba, ziboliboli zakale zaku Roma, zojambulajambula zaku Roma, zopembedza ndi zinthu zachipembedzo. Muthanso kuwona zifanizo zambiri, zipilala zakale, sarcophagus ndi manda amiyala.
Zisonyezero za zojambulajambula zimaperekedwa pa chipinda chachiwiri, pali zojambula zakale (kuyambira nthawi ya 13-18 century), komanso zojambulajambula zamakono (zaka 19-20).
Zothandiza:
- nthawi yokopa: kuyambira Januware mpaka Juni 15, kuyambira Seputembara 16 mpaka kumapeto kwa Disembala - kuyambira 09-00 mpaka 20-00 (Lachiwiri-Loweruka), kuyambira 09-00 mpaka 15-00 (Lamlungu), kuyambira Juni 16 mpaka Seputembara 15 - kuyambira 09-00 mpaka 15-00;
- tikiti - 1.5 euros, kwa nzika za European Union, kuvomereza ndi kwaulere.
Pezani Mitengo kapena sungani malo alionse ogwiritsira ntchito fomu iyi
Jaén - Paradaiso wa azitona wa Andalusia
Mumzindawu muli chipilala cha maolivi, ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa Jaén amadziwika kuti ndi mtsogoleri wadziko lonse pakupanga mafuta ndi maolivi. Mwa njira, maolivi amagulitsidwa pafupifupi kulikonse mumzinda, ndipo pali minda yambiri ya azitona yozungulira Jaén - mzindawu ndiwovuta kulingalira popanda mitengo, yomwe yakhala gawo lofunikira m'mudzi waku Spain. Mzindawu ulinso ndi Olive Tree Museum. Ichi ndichifukwa chake dzina lina la Jaen ndi paradaiso wa azitona ku Andalusia.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Chigawo cha Jaén chili ndi mitengo ya maolivi 66 miliyoni ndi 20% yamafuta apadziko lonse lapansi.
M'dera la La Laguna, pali maulendo okopa alendo okopa alendo, momwe mungayendere nyumba yosungiramo ndi dzina la ndakatulo ndi dzina la Cathedral of Oil, alendowa amauzidwa ukadaulo wokulitsa mitengo ndi magawo opanga zinthu zonunkhira. Alendo amapatsidwa mwayi wolawa mitundu itatu yamafuta a maolivi.
Chigwa china cha azitona chotchuka, chomwe chimakopa alendo ambiri, chili m'mbali mwa Mtsinje wa Guadalquivir, kuzungulira mbali zonse ziwiri ndi mapiri a Sierra de Cazorla, komanso Sierra Mágina.
Chigawo cha Jaén ndichotsogola padziko lonse lapansi popanga mafuta. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, zochulukirapo zimapangidwa kuno kuposa ku Italy konse. Mwa njira, anthu am'deralo amanyadira kwambiri malonda awo, onetsetsani kuti mwabweretsa botolo la zonunkhira paulendo wanu.
Zabwino kudziwa! Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya azitona ndi pickul, arbequin, royal. Ndi kuchokera ku Royal mitundu komwe mafuta okoma okhala ndi zolemba zokoma za zipatso amakhala okonzeka. Royal ndi mitundu yokhayo yakomweko, chifukwa chake nkosatheka kuipeza m'maiko ena.
Pali opanga osiyanasiyana ku Jaén ku Andalusia, ambiri omwe ali ndi mbiri yayitali, yolemera. Samalani mafuta amtundu wa Castillo de Canena. Zipatso ku Jaén zimayamba kukololedwa mu Okutobala, izi zimatha mpaka February. Maolivi obiriwira amakololedwa koyamba, ndipo azitona zakuda kumapeto kwa nyengo. N'zotheka kusonkhanitsa makilogalamu 35 a zipatso pamtengo umodzi. Ndizodabwitsa kuti omwe amadzipangira okha omwe amapanga mafuta samapanga mankhwalawo kuchokera ku maolivi omwe agwera pansi, amasiyidwa monga momwe aliri, potero amasunga mafuta ndi kuyera. Palibe maola opitilira 6 kuchokera pomwe amakolola mpaka koyambirira kwa kukonza.
Ngati tchuthi chanu ku Spain chikukonzekera Okutobala, onetsetsani kuti mupite ku Luca fair, komwe kuli mafuta ambiri, vinyo, ziwiya zadothi. Zogulitsa za azitona - pasitala, makandulo - zikufunika kwambiri.
Yerekezerani mitengo ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito Fomu iyi
Kuyanjana kwa mayendedwe
Jaén ndiye malo oyendera pakati pa Madrid ndi Malaga; mutha kufika apa m'njira zosiyanasiyana zoyendera: sitima, basi, galimoto.
Zabwino kudziwa! Njira yosavuta yoyendera ku Spain ndi galimoto yobwereka. Pali malo ambiri obwerekera m'mizinda yonse yaku Spain, zofunika kwa makasitomala ndizochepa.
Kuchokera ku Malaga kupita ku Jaén, mutha kutenga misewu yayikulu A-92 ndi A-44, njirayo imadutsa Granada, mzinda wokhala ndi cholowa cha Aluya. Muyenera kuthera pafupifupi maola awiri mumsewu.
Palibe sitima zoyendera pagulu kuchokera ku Malaga, muyenera kusintha ku Cordoba. Ulendowu umatenga maola 3-4. Onani nthawi yeniyeni patsamba la kampani yonyamula Raileurope.
Mutha kuchoka ku Malaga kupita ku Jaén pa basi, ulendowu umatenga maola atatu, pali maulendo anayi okwera ndege (kampani yonyamula Alsa - www.alsa.com). Ndikofunika kugula matikiti pasadakhale kapena kuofesi yamatikiti pasiteshoni yamabasi.
Kuchokera ku Madrid kupita ku Jaén mutha kutenga msewu waukulu wa A-4, ndipo mtunda ukhoza kuphimbidwa maola 3.5 ndi galimoto. Palinso ulalo wachindunji wa njanji. Alendo amatha pafupifupi maola 4 ali m'sitima. Muthanso kupita kumeneko ndi sitima ndikusintha mumzinda wa Cordoba. Palinso basi yolunjika, pali ndege zinayi patsiku, ulendowu umatenga pafupifupi maola 5. Tikulimbikitsidwa kusungitsa matikiti pasadakhale kapena kugula ku ofesi yamatikiti a sitima yapamtunda.
Jaén ndi gawo la Andalusia, komwe Mtsinje wa Guadalquivir umayambira. Mpumulo wa gawo ili la Spain ndi wokongola - zigwa zobiriwira, mapiri, mapaki achilengedwe. Jaén akhoza kukondedwa chifukwa cha chilengedwe, mwayi wopuma pang'ono mumzinda ndi kukaona malo ambiri akale.
Zomwe mungayendere m'chigawo cha Jaén - yang'anani kanemayo.