Exotic telocactus wa kukongola kodabwitsa - malongosoledwe, mitundu yayikulu yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi malamulo osamalira

Posachedwapa, telocactus yakhala ikudziwika kwambiri pakati pa olima maluwa ndi osonkhanitsa.

Tiyeni tiganizire mwatsatanetsatane za chomeracho ndikumvetsetsa malamulo osamalira duwa, komanso pachithunzichi tiwona mitundu yofala kwambiri ya nkhadze ndi kufananiza mitunduyo.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe tingaperekere telocactus pogwiritsa ntchito njere, komanso kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane momwe tingakulire bwino zomera zodabwitsa izi.

Kufotokozera kwa botanical

Telocactus ndi mtundu wonse wa zomera m'banja la Cactaceae., zomwe zimaphatikizapo mitundu pafupifupi 20. Kukongola kwakanthawi komanso kukopa kosasangalatsa kwamaluwa achilendowa kwapangitsa kuti azipeza kutchuka kwambiri komanso malo odalirika pazenera komanso m'mitima ya akatswiri azitsamba padziko lonse lapansi.

Mayina ena: Echinocactus leucacanthus (dzina lodziwika bwino la asayansi mpaka 1898) Dzina lachi Latin: Thelocactus.

Mbiri Yoyambira: Woyimira woyamba wa mtundu wa Telocactus adapezedwa ndi Wilhelm Karwinsky pafupi ndi Zimapan (Mexico) ndipo adamutumiza kumunda wamaluwa ku Munich mu 1830.

Koma, kuvomerezedwa ndi kuphatikizidwa mgulu lonselo ngati mtundu wina kunachitika patadutsa zaka makumi atatu zokha, chifukwa cha ntchito ya Britton ndi Rose. Akatswiri ofufuza zamoyowa adakankhira malire a Thelocactus kwambiri, pofotokoza mitundu yake yambiri.

Pakadali pano, ntchito yofufuza ikupitilizabe motsogozedwa ndi International Cactus Systematics Group (ICSG), ndipo mitundu yatsopano ya telocactus ikupezekabe.

Makhalidwe Abwino:

• Tsinde ndi lozungulira kapena lozungulira, lolimba, logawidwa mozungulira mu nthiti zambiri zokutidwa ndi ma tubercles akulu. Kutalika - kuchokera 5 cm mpaka 20 cm.Dieter - mpaka 20 cm.
• Mitundu yazitali imapangidwa ngati singano, ikanikizidwa kutsinde. Kutalika - kuchokera 1.5 cm mpaka 3 cm.Mkati mwa msana nthawi zina sikupezeka, koma nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamlingo umodzi mpaka anayi. Kutalika - kuyambira masentimita 3 mpaka masentimita 4. Mitsempha yonse imakhala yofiira kwambiri kapena yofiirira.
• Maluwawo ndi ang'ono koma owoneka bwino. Nthawi zambiri - mumtundu wa pinki, koma pali zitsanzo ndi mitundu yachikaso ndi yoyera. Maluwa awiriwa ndi ochokera pa 3 cm mpaka 9 cm.
• Zipatsozo ndizochepa komanso zoterera. Mbeu ndi zakuda.

Nthawi zambiri, telocactus ndiwodziwika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo okongoletsa komanso osiyanasiyana modabwitsa... Amachita chidwi kwambiri ndi momwe amatolera.

Malo okhala:

• pakati ndi kumpoto kwa Mexico;
• madera a Mtsinje wa Rio Grande ku Texas (USA).

Kutchulidwa. Oyimira onse amtundu wa Telocactus amakonda kukhazikika m'malo amiyala kapena m'malo azitsamba komanso udzu.

Mawonekedwe otchuka ndi zithunzi

Mtundu wa Thelocactus umadziwika chifukwa cha ma polymorphism ake - zomerazo zimasiyana mosiyana ndi zina. Zotere kusiyanasiyana komwe kumachuluka kumapangitsa kuti gulu lawo likhale lovuta... Koma, ngakhale izi, pali zikwangwani zofala.

Hexaedrophorus

Cactus yokhayokha komanso yosinthasintha yokhala ndi zimayambira.
Tsinde lake ndi lozungulira, labuluu, la azitona kapena laubweya wobiriwira. Kutalika: 3-7.5 cm. Diameter: masentimita 8-15. Nthitizi sizimveka bwino, zimangowonekera muzomera zazikulu.

Mitunduyi imakhala yolimba, yozungulira (yamakona kapena ya pentagonal). Kutalika - kuchokera 8 mm mpaka 20 mm. Nthawi zambiri mitunduyi imakhala yosazindikirika ndi yozungulira. Mtunduwo ndi wotuwa pinki, ocher kapena mabokosi. Maluwawo ndi oyera komanso oyera mopyapyala. Awiri - mpaka 25 cm.

Sichifuna chisamaliro chovuta, koma chimakula pang'onopang'ono. Imafuna ngalande zabwino komanso kuthirira madzi ambiri (kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira). Imalekerera mosavuta kutentha mpaka -7 ° C. Mpaka posachedwa, mtundu uwu umadziwika kuti uli pangozi.

Bicolor

Telocactus bicolor ndi membala wodziwika kwambiri komanso wotchuka kwambiri. Dzina lina: Kunyada kwa Texas.

Tsinde lozungulira kapena lophatikizidwa ndi ma areole olimba kwambiri pamatumba. Nthiti zavy pang'ono, zotchulidwa.

Dzina la mitundu ya bicolor limatanthauza "bicolor" ndipo amatanthauza mtundu wachilendowu wa minga. Ndi zoyera ndi nsonga zofiira kapena zofiira ndi malekezero achikasu. Maluwawo ndi akulu, amitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yapinki-yofiirira. Awiri - mpaka masentimita 10. Amawoneka okongola kwambiri.

Cone-tubercular (Conothelos)

Chosiyana ndi tsinde lamphamvu lokhala ndi nthiti zosadziwika. Koma ma tubercles, ozungulira kapena ozungulira, amadziwika kwambiri. Kutalika kwa chomera - mpaka masentimita 15. M'mimba mwake - mpaka masentimita 25. Minyewa imagawika yoyera yonyezimira komanso yofiirira kapena yofiirira kapena yakuda.

Maluwawo ndi ofiirira kapena ofiirira, koma palinso malalanje. Kutalika - pafupifupi 3.5-4 cm. Kuzimiririka mwachangu (pasanathe tsiku limodzi).

Zigawo zamtundu wa Lloyd (lloydii)

Mitunduyi imakhala ndi zimayambira zakuda ndi ma tubercles opyapyala pamafuta angapo. Kukula kwa mbewuyo kumayambira 8 mpaka 12 cm. Mtundu - kuyambira imvi mpaka kubuluu wobiriwira.

Chikhalidwe chake ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa a minga yakuthwa. Kutalika kwawo kumatha kukhala opitilira masentimita 6. Mtunduwo ndi ofiira ofiira kumunsi ndi kapezi wachikasu kumapeto kwake. Ndi zaka, mtundu wawo umazimiririka. Maluwa okongola kwambiri a pinki wonyezimira amafanana ndi maluwa a lotus.

Rinconian (Rinconensis)

Cactus wina wokhala ndi zida zokwanira. Ili ndi mitsempha yayitali yolunjika (mpaka 5-6 cm). Tsinde ndi limodzi, lozungulira. Kutalika - 15 cm, m'mimba mwake - mpaka masentimita 20. Nthiti sizingathe kusiyanitsidwa. Ma tubercles ndi ozungulira, ofotokozedwa bwino (mpaka 1.5 cm).

Maluwawo ndi ang'ono komanso osafotokoza bwino. Awiri - mpaka masentimita 3. Mtundu - kuchokera yoyera mpaka pinki.

Tula Subsort Beka (Tulensis subspecies Buekii)

Cactus waukhondo waung'ono kukula (mpaka 15 cm kutalika). Kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala mpaka masentimita 18. Chiwerengero ndi kutalika kwa mitsempha kumatha kukhala kosiyana kwambiri. Maluwawo ndi ofiirira owala, ofiyira-ofiira, pinki. Zabwino kwambiri kukulira chidebe.

Kusamalira kunyumba

• Zinthu zotentha. Kutentha kwakukulu: + 20-25 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse mpaka 8-15 ° C. Imalekerera chisanu chanthawi yayitali mpaka -2 ° C mumlengalenga.
• Kuthirira. Pa nthawi yakukula - kuthirira kochuluka. M'nyengo yozizira - youma okhutira. Sichiyenera kupopera mankhwala.

  Amakonda mpweya wouma ndipo alibe ma drafts.

• Kuunikira. Maola 3-4 a dzuwa tsiku lililonse; kuunikira kumalimbikitsidwa masiku a chilimwe.
• Kapangidwe ka dothi:
  1. tsamba la humus (magawo awiri);
  2. nthaka ya sod (gawo limodzi);
  3. mchenga wamtsinje wolimba kapena mwala wabwino (1 gawo);
  4. phulusa kapena malasha osweka (1 gawo).
• Kudulira. Kutalika kwambiri, kopanda mawonekedwe, cacti imafuna kudulira.
  1. Mosamala dulani pamwamba pa nkhadze ndi mpeni woyera (6-8 cm).
  2. Kwezani m'mphepete pang'ono (ngati pensulo).
  3. Ikani pamwamba pa chidebe ndi madzi pang'ono.
  4. Mizu ikayamba kuonekera, ikani mphika wokhala ndi dothi lowala bwino ndi ngalande.
  5. Thirani masiku 6 mutabzala.
• Feteleza. M'ngululu ndi chilimwe, kudyetsa kumachitika mwezi uliwonse. Feteleza ndiwofunika makamaka kwa okometsera, okhala ndi potaziyamu wambiri. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa chomeracho nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yozizira.
• Kusankha mphika woyenera. Mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira komanso mafashoni, ma telocacuses amafunikira malo okhala ambiri ndipo sangathe kukhala miphika yaying'ono yogulitsa.

  Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mubzala chomera mu chidebe chokulirapo mutangogula.

• Tumizani. Amakhala masika, zaka 2-3 zilizonse.
  1. Mosamala yikani nkhadze pambali pake, kuti isawononge minga, pachidutswa cha mphira wa thovu.
  2. Patulani mpira wadothi mumphika.
  3. Mosamala chotsani nthaka yochulukirapo yomwe siinadziwike bwino ndi mizu.
  4. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphira wa thovu, timayika mbewuyo m'nthaka yatsopano, yomwe ndiyophatikizika pang'ono.
  5. Pambuyo pakuzika, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa kwa masiku angapo.

Kusamalira nyengo yachisanu

Telocactus imafuna nyengo yozizira yozizira komanso yamtendere:

• Kutsika pang'ono pang'onopang'ono mpaka madigiri 8-12.
• Kutha kwa kuthirira ndi kudyetsa.

Zofunika! Tetezani chomeracho pakusintha ndi kutentha.

Kulima panja

Mitundu ina ya cacti imatha kulimidwa panja ngakhale m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia. Komabe, pankhaniyi, pali zina zobisika zotsatirazi:

• Nthaka yamiyala imafunika;
• malo abwino ndi mapiri otsetsereka, otetezedwa ku mphepo yozizira;
• kusowa kwathunthu kwa namsongole;
• chinyezi chadothi.

Kufalitsa mbewu

Mbewu imafesedwa masika:

1. Sambani bwino ndi kuthira mankhwala mphikawo.
2. Samatenthetsa nthaka yokhala ndi mchenga wokwanira 200 - 250 ° C.
3. Lembani nyemba tsiku limodzi mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate.
4. Ikani nyemba mumphika ndi burashi. Phimbani ndi pulasitiki kapena galasi.
5. Ikani mphika pamalo otentha, owala.

Makhalidwe obereketsa kutchire:

• chomeracho chimabzalidwa kokha m'nthaka yonyowa;
• kuthirira kumatheka sabata mutabzala;
• ngalande kuchokera pamiyala yabwino imatsanulidwa pansi pa zimayambira;
• cacti wopanda mizu iyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Kuphwanya kayendedwe ka kutentha, ma drafts ndi kuthirira osaphunzira kumabweretsa kufooka kwa chomeracho ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.

Chofala kwambiri:

• mizu zowola;
• mealybug.

Zofunika! Telocactus ndi olimba kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina zizindikiro zowachenjeza zimawoneka mochedwa.

Maluwa ofanana

1. Zowonjezera Zosatha zokoma. Kunja, imafanana kwambiri ndi telocactus yopanda minga, koma maluwawo amakhala pamiyala yayitali kwambiri.
2. Argyroderma (Argyroderma). Chomera chomera chomwe chimafanana ndi mwala. Maluwa a Argyroderma ndi owoneka modabwitsa.
3. Faucaria (Faucaria). Chomera chofewa chokhala ndi tsinde lofupikitsa. Pali mphukira zakuthwa, zaminga m'mphepete mwa masamba.
4. Guernia (Huernia). Ili ndi tsinde lalifupi, lakuda ndi mano ndi maluwa a mawonekedwe ndi mitundu yodabwitsa kwambiri.
5. Ma Lithops. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake achilendo komanso maluwa odabwitsa mwadzidzidzi, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "mwala wamoyo".

Zimakhala zovuta kupeza chomera chodzichepetsa kwambiri chowala chimodzimodzi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito yofufuzira ikupitilira ndikupita kumalo ena atsopano. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtundu wa Thelocactus udakali ndi china chake choti chingatidabwitse!

Onerani kanemayo: Our Ceropegia sandersonii exotic plant in beautiful bloom (September 2024).