Red Fort ku Agra - kukumbukira Mughal Empire

Agra Fort ku India ndi amodzi mwamalo okongola kwambiri mdzikolo, omwe dzina lawo limafanana kwambiri ndi mtundu wa miyala yamchenga yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga. Ndi "opindika" a Red Citadel ku Delhi.

Zina zambiri

Red Fort ya Agra ndi malo achitetezo omwe anali malo okhala olamulira awo munthawi ya Ufumu wa Mughal. Monga Taj Mahal, woyenda pang'ono, ndi UNESCO World Heritage Site ndipo ndiotetezedwa ndi boma.

Kuphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazinthu zokongola kwambiri ku India, Agra Fort imawoneka ngati mzinda wosiyana womwe ukuyenda m'mbali mwa gombe lamanzere la Yamuna pafupifupi 3 km. Malo osungirako mapaki, nyumba zachifumu, akachisi, mahema, mzikiti ndi mabwalo abisika pano, kuseri kwa malinga awiri olimba, omwe kutalika kwake kumafika 20 m. Pakadali pano, Agra Red Bastion si chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri ku India, komanso malo achitetezo ankhondo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gulu lankhondo. Chifukwa chake, gawo lina la zovuta limatsekedwa kwa alendo.

Nkhani yayifupi

Ntchito yomanga Red Fort ku India idayamba theka lachiwiri la zaka za zana la 16, pomwe Padishah Akbar Wamkulu adaganiza zosunthira likulu la ufumu wake kuchokera ku Delhi kupita ku Agra ndi zigawo zosadziwika. Malinga ndi mbiri yakale yomwe wolemba mbiri yakale adasiya, maziko a nyumbayi anali nyumba yakale ya Badalgar, yomwe omanga akumaloko adatha kuyikonzanso, komanso kuti ikhale imodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri ku India.

Pofika chaka cha 1571, nyumbayi inali itazunguliridwa ndi khoma lamphamvu loteteza, lokhala ndi mchenga wofiira wa Rajasthani wokhala ndi zipata zinayi zazitali. Patapita nthawi, awiri a iwo anali ndi mipanda.

Kwa zaka zotsatira, dera la Red Fort lidakulirakulira. Kuphatikiza apo, olowa m'malo ambiri a Akbar Wamkulu mosangalala adazisintha kuti zizimveka bwino. Ngati mgawo loyamba la zomangamanga, amakonda kupangira njerwa zofiira, zomwe nthawi zina zimangosungunuka ndi miyala yoyera yamiyala yoyera, ndiye pansi pa Shah Jahan, nsangalabwi zokhala ndi mitundu yagolide ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali idakhala imodzi mwazida zomangira. Zotsatira zake ndi phale lokongola lomwe limaphatikizapo utoto wofiira ndi woyera.

Mu 1648, likulu la Mughal Empire lidabwereranso ku Delhi, ndipo linga lokhalo, lomwe panthawiyo lidasowa kufunikira kwake, lidakhala pothawirapo kwa m'modzi mwa omwe adalenga. M'zaka zotsatira, Red Fort Agra ku India inali m'manja mwa mafumu osiyanasiyana, ndipo pakati pa zaka za zana la 19 panali likulu la nkhondo pakati pa asitikali aku India ndi aku Britain. Koma, ngakhale zovuta zonse zomwe zidamugwera, adakwanitsa kupulumuka ndikukhala chimodzi mwazokopa zaku India.

Zomangamanga za linga

Red Fort yooneka ngati kachigawo ku Agra imaphatikiza masitayilo angapo amapangidwe, omwe otchuka kwambiri ndi achi Islam ndi achihindu. Pakhomo la nyumbayi limapangidwa ndi zipata ziwiri zazikulu. Ngati yoyamba, Delhi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asitikali okha, ndiye kuti yachiwiri, Lahore, kapena, monga amadziwikanso kuti, Chipata cha Amar Singh, cholinga chake ndikulowera alendo ambiri. Kapangidwe kake kameneka kanali kosokoneza owukira omwe anakwanitsa kuthana ndi chopingacho ngati ngalande yodzaza ndi ng'ona. Tsopano awa ndi malo oyamba pomwe mutha kujambula zithunzi zosangalatsa zambiri.

Poyamba panali nyumba zachifumu ndi mizikiti 6 kunja kwa mpanda wa Red Fortress, koma popita nthawi, ina mwa iyo idawonongeka. Mwa iwo omwe apulumuka, tiyenera kunena za Jahangiri Mahal, nyumba yachifumu yokhala ndi zipinda zingapo yomangidwa ndi Akbar Wamkulu wa mkazi wake. Nyumba yomangidwa ndi miyala yoyera, yokhala ndi zipinda zingapo, imakongoletsa ndi zojambula bwino za marble ndi zokongoletsa zokongola. Makoma a nyumba yachifumuyo adakongoletsedwa ndi utoto wojambulidwa kalembedwe ka kum'maŵa ndi utoto wabuluu ndi golide womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikiza. M'bwaloli mutha kuwona dziwe lalikulu lamiyala, lopangidwa kuti lisungire madzi a rozi ndikuphatikizidwa ndi mavesi aku Persia osema mwazokongoletsa.

Khas Mahal, nyumba zachinsinsi za Shah Jahan, zomangidwa mu 1636, sizoyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa. Kumbali zonse ziwiri za nyumbayi kuli mabwalo agolide, momwe akazi ndi adzakazi a mafumu ankakhala, ndipo kutsogolo kwa nyumba yachifumuyo kuli munda wamphesa, womwe njira zake za mabulo zimayendera maulendo achikondi.

Kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa dimba ili, pali Shish Mahal kapena Hall of Mirrors. Panthawi ina, adagwira ntchito yosamba yachifumu, momwe azimayi ambiri azamakhothi ankakonda kuwaza. Makoma owoneka bwino ndi kudenga adakongoletsedwa ndi magalasi ambiri kuti kuzizire. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mulibe zenera limodzi m'mabafa, ndipo kuwala kumalowera kuzipinda kuzipinda kokha kudzera pamakomo ndikutsegulira kwa mpweya mu khoma lakumwera. Zonsezi zimakhudza kwambiri, kukumbukira zomwe zinachitika kuchokera mu kanema wina wopeka wasayansi. Pakatikati pa nyumbayi pali chitsime chachikulu chamabokosi chokhala ndi akasupe, koma owerengeka okha ndi omwe amatha kuwona zonse ndi magalasi apadera. Tsoka ilo, zaka zingapo zapitazo, Shish Mahal adatsekedwa kwa alendo ambiri. Lero ndi lotseguka kwa alendo a VIP okha, atsogoleri amaboma ndi nthumwi zapadziko lonse lapansi, koma polipira pang'ono, mutha kulowa mkati ngakhale kwakanthawi kochepa.

Gawo lina la Red Fort ku India ndi Divan-i-Khas, chipinda chosiyaniranako anthu wamba. Kalelo, makoma ake anali okongoletsedwa ndi miyala yokongola yamtengo wapatali, koma nyumbayo itadutsa mu Ufumu wa Britain, zodzikongoletsera zonse zidatengedwa kupita ku imodzi yosungiramo zakale ku London. Amati zinali pomwe pano Shah Jahan adakhala m'masiku ake omaliza, akuganizira za Taj Mahal ndikukumbukira kukula kwake kwakale. M'mbuyomu, mchipindachi mudali Mpando wachifumu wotchuka wa Peacock, wokutidwa ndi diamondi, miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi miyala ya safiro, koma mu 1739 adapita nawo ku Delhi, kenako nkuwasandutsa magawo awiri.

Kutali pang'ono kuchokera ku Divan-i-Khas kukwera nyumba yachifumu ya Takhti-i-Jekhangar, yomangidwa ndi Akbar ya mwana wake wamwamuna. Zomangamanga zake zimaphatikiza masitaelo angapo nthawi imodzi - Indian, Asia ndi Afghan. Kutsogolo kwa khomo lolowera kunyumbako, mukuwona mbale yayikulu, yosemedwa kuchokera pamiyala imodzi ndikugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati bafa ina.

Patsogolo pang'ono, muwona Divan-i-Am, holo yoyendetsera zinthu zaboma, kumanzere kwake kuli bwalo lalikulu. Tsopano kudera lake kuli Mosque waung'ono wa Precious, womangidwa ndi mfumu ya azimayi aku bwalo lamilandu, ndipo nthawi ina kunalinso Women Bazaar, komwe azimayi akumaloko amatha kugula zinthu zonse zomwe amafunikira.

Mwazina, Red Fort ili ndi njira zonse zapansi panthaka, yotchuka kwambiri ndi labyrinth yazithunzithunzi ziwiri, yomwe idakhala malo okhala azikazi 500 a Akbar.

Pezani Mitengo kapena sungani malo alionse ogwiritsira ntchito fomu iyi

Zambiri zothandiza

• Red Fortress of Agra ili ku Rakabgani, Agra 282003, India.
• Amatsegula tsiku lililonse kuyambira 06:30 mpaka 19:00.
• Malipiro olowera ndi ma 550 rupees (osakwana $ 8), kwa amwenye - ma rupie 40. Kuloledwa ndi kwaulere kwa ana ochepera zaka 15. Matikiti amagulitsidwa pachipata cholowera kumwera.

Kuti mumve zambiri, onani tsamba lovomerezeka la www.agrafort.gov.in

Yerekezerani mitengo ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito Fomu iyi

Malangizo Othandiza

Pakadali pano, Agra, linga ku India, ndi amodzi mwamalo omwe amapezeka kwambiri mdzikolo. Ngati mukukonzekera kukawona malo odziwika bwino aku India, nazi malangizo othandiza:

1. Asanalowe mu Red Fortress, mlendo aliyense amafufuzidwa ndi chitsulo chowunikira, choncho ndi bwino kusiya zida, zinthu zoyaka, zida zamagetsi (kupatula kamera), ma charger ndi zinthu zina zoletsedwa ku hotelo.
2. Ndizoletsedwanso kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndikusuta fodya m'dera la fort - amalangidwa chifukwa cha izi.

3. Kuletsa kocheperako kumagwiranso ntchito pachakudya, choncho musayese kubwera ndi zakudya zopsereza, maswiti kapena zipatso. Chokhacho ndi madzi, koma simungatenge mabotolo ochepera awiri.
4. Mukamayenda mozungulira Red Fort, musaiwale kuzimitsa mawu pafoni yanu.
5. Yesetsani kuti musakhudze kapena kukanda makoma - kumbukirani kuti ndi Masamba Achikhalidwe Padziko Lonse ndipo amafuna chisamaliro chapadera.
6. Ali m'dera la chipilalacho, khalani ndi ulemu, osathamanga, osapanga phokoso.
7. Kuti mupite kukawona malo, dzipatseni kalozera wamatsatanetsatane kapena lembani kalozera waluso. Apo ayi, kuphonya nkhani zambiri zosangalatsa.
8. Kuti muchotse bwino, gulani tikiti yophatikiza yonse yomwe ikuphatikizapo Red Fort ndi Taj Mahal.
9. M'dera lachitali muli malo omwera ambiri, momwe kumakhala kosangalatsa kuwona kulowa kwa dzuwa.
10. Mutha kukhala ku Red Fort mpaka nthawi yotseka. Ngati muli ndi nthawi yopuma, khalani mpaka madzulo - panthawiyi pali ziwonetsero zabwino kwambiri.

Agra Red Fort Tour ndi Local Guide:

Onerani kanemayo: Forts Of India - Agra Fort, Uttar Pradesh - Ep#15 (Mulole 2024).