Cactus kakang'ono kakang'ono - sulcorebutia. Kufotokozera, mitundu ndi mitundu, chisamaliro chanyumba ndi zakunja

Sulcorebutia ndi cactus yaying'ono, yokongola komanso yosavuta. Mitundu yambiri yazomera imatha kuyikidwa mosavuta pazenera lokhazikika.

M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya sulcorebutia ndikukuwuzani za malamulo oyambira kusamalira chomera kunyumba. Tilongosola momwe tingafalikire bwino nkhono zazing'onozi ndi mbewu ndi mphukira zammbali. Tikuwonetsaninso matenda ndi tizirombo zomwe zitha kukhala zowopsa kwa zokoma izi.

Kulongosola kwa botanical ndi geography yachilengedwe

Mtundu wa Sulkorebutia umaphatikiza cacti ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena mawonekedwe ozungulira pang'ono. Nsonga ya zomera nthawi zonse imakhala yosalala. Sulcorebutia ndi nkhono yaying'ono yaku Bolivia... Mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu imapezeka m'chigawo cha Cochabamba. Nthawi zambiri, nkhadzeyi imamera pansi pa chomera china - udzu ndi zitsamba za xerophytic.

Sulcorebutia imayamba pang'onopang'ono, mapiko ake ozungulira, osungulumwa koyambirira, amapanga njira zingapo ndi msinkhu. Cactus imakhala ndi mitsempha yolimba, yolumikizidwa komanso yopsinjika pang'ono mthupi la areola, yokhala ndi poyambira kochepa komwe kumachokera.

Mtundu wa tsinde umatha kuyambira pakubiriwira mpaka kubuluu. Mizu ya sulcorebution ndiyamphamvu komanso yolimba... Maluwawo ndi osiyanasiyana, nthawi zonse amakhala owoneka bwino, amawonekera pamwamba pa tsinde ndipo nthawi zambiri amapanga nkhata yokongola. Zipatso za sulcorebutia ndi zipatso, mamilimita angapo kukula kwake.

Woimira woyamba mtunduwo adafotokozedwa ndi E. Verderman mu 1931.

Mitundu yotchuka ndi mitundu ya sulcorebutia

Chililabombwe (Rauschii)

Mitunduyi inapezeka pamwamba pa mapiri a Bolivia ndi katswiri wa nkhadze wa ku Austria V. Rausch ndipo anamutcha dzina lake.

Chomera chokhala ndi lilu labuluu-lilac kapena tsinde la fodya, lomwe pamwamba pake pamakhala chofewa. Tsinde ladzaza ndi mphukira zochulukirapo, zosaposa masentimita atatu m'mimba mwake. Nthiti khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi zogawika zidagawika m'matumba akuluakulu. Maoleles ndi oblong, amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yofalitsa. Minyewa ndi yopyapyala, yakuda, yayikulu, yamakhola, yolumikizana, yopitilira 20 mm kutalika. Mitengo yapakati kulibe (kodi pali cacti yopanda spin?). Maluwawo ndi pafupifupi masentimita atatu m'mimba mwake, bulauni-pinkish, wokhala ndi malo oyera. Inflorescence ndi tubular, maluwa otseguka amatseguka.

Kamwala (Kamwenda)

Mtunduwo umatchedwa ndi wansembe waku Bolivia Juan Cagnigueral... Kukula pang'onopang'ono, mtundu wamaluwa ndi minga. Katemera kakang'ono kamene kamapanga magulu amitundu yambiri.

Tsinde lake siloposa masentimita atatu ndipo siliposa masentimita asanu, lili ndi nsonga yolemedwa ndi mtundu wonyezimira wobiriwira mpaka wofiyira wakuda. Nthiti za chomeracho ndizabwino, zowonda. Maoleles ndi opapatiza, oyera ndi pubescence. Iliyonse areola imakhala ndimizere yoonda yozungulira 11-14 yopyapyala. Mitsempha yapakati nthawi zambiri imasowa, kapena, ngati ilipo, osapitilira awiri. Maluwawo ndi otseguka, owoneka ngati ndodo, amitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira lalanje mpaka kufiyira yakuda, akutuluka m'mabwalo am'munsi.

Arenacea

Dzina lina ndi mchenga. Chomera chokhala ndi tsinde limodzi, cholizira-chozungulira... Mtunduwo ndi bulauni wobiriwira, kukula kwake mpaka 3 cm m'litali mpaka 6 cm m'mimba mwake. Pamwamba pake pali mavuto. Ili ndi nthiti pafupifupi makumi atatu, zopezeka mozungulira. Maoleles amakhala otalikirana, otuwa mwachikaso, chilichonse chimakhala ndi mapapala a 14-16 ofooka, opindika, nthawi zina osokonezeka. Maluwawo ndi achikasu, mpaka atatu masentimita mwake.

Langeri

Mitunduyi imakhala ndi tsinde lobiriwira, lomwe limakhala ndi nthiti zomwe zidagawika timabulu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi mabala abulauni, omwe aliwonse amakhala ndi 21-25 bristly, spines ngati chisa. Maluwawo ndi ofanana ndi ndodo, mpaka masentimita 4 m'mimba mwake, okhala ndi masamba ambiri achikaso.

Juckeri

Chomera chokhala ndi tsinde chomwe chimakula masentimita khumi m'lifupi ndi masentimita asanu kutalika... Ma tubercles akutuluka. Ma Areole ndi opapatiza, mpaka 6mm kutalika ndi pafupifupi 1 mm mulifupi, okhala ndi mitsempha yamphamvu komanso yayitali yofiira, yopindika pang'ono. Maluwa okhala ndi maluwa ofiira ofiira, achikasu kummero (mutha kuphunzira za red cacti apa).

Mpweya (Steinbachii)

Kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kamene kamapanga mapangidwe akuluakulu. Tsinde ndi khungu lobiriwira, logawika ma tubercles athyathyathya. Maoleli amatalikirana, amamva. Deraola lirilonse limakhala ndi mitsempha yokwanira eyiti yakuda, sentimita imodzi kutalika. Minyewa yapakati, yomwe imatha kukhala kuyambira wani mpaka itatu, imakhala yotuwa, yokhala ndi nsonga yakuda, mpaka sentimita imodzi kutalika. Cactus ili ndi muzu waukulu, wa mpiru. Maluwawo ndi ofanana ndi ndodo, mpaka 4 cm mulitali ndi m'mimba mwake. Mtundu wake umasiyanasiyana, kuyambira rasipiberi mpaka lalanje.

Wotumbidwa (Crispate)

Amatchedwanso kupotana kapena khirisipi. Tsinde lozungulira, masentimita awiri m'mimba mwake, lokutidwa ndi ma tubercles ozungulira. Mitundu yazitali ndi chisa cholumikizira tsinde, ndi yolimba, yayitali, yoyera. Maluwawo ndi pinki, pafupifupi 4 cm m'mimba mwake (za cacti wokhala ndi maluwa apinki amafotokozedwa apa).

Kodi kusamalira kunyumba?

• Kutentha... M'chaka ndi chilimwe cha sulcorebutia, kutentha kwapakati pamadigiri 20-25. Ngati n'kotheka, muyenera kukonza kusiyana pakati pa kutentha kwa usana ndi usiku. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chiyenera kusungidwa kutentha kosaposa madigiri 10. Imatha kupirira chisanu chanthawi yayitali ikayikidwa panthaka youma.
• Kuthirira... Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yokula ndi kutupa kwa masamba, sulcorebution imafunikira kuthirira pafupipafupi, pomwe masambawo adzauma. Pakati pa chilimwe, kuthirira kumayenera kuchepetsedwa, kuwagwiritsa ntchito ngati dothi limauma. Pakufika nthawi yophukira, kuthirira kumawonjezekanso kwakanthawi ndikucheperachepera zero kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira.
• Kuwala... Chomeracho chimafuna kuwala kochuluka, popanda kusowa kwake komwe kumatambasula ndikusiya kufalikira.

  Kuunikira kwakukulu kumakuthandizani kusunga mawonekedwe amtundu, mapangidwe a epidermis ndikulimbikitsa maluwa ambiri ndikukula kwaminga.

• Kuyambitsa... Pogwiritsa ntchito sulcorebution, mutha kugula dothi lokhala ndi malo ogulitsa, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokometsera ndiloyenera, ngati mungadzikonzekeretse nokha, liyenera kukhala ndi nthaka yamasamba ndi peat m'magawo ofanana ndi kusakanizika kwa timbewu ta miyala - mpaka 40%.
• Kukonza... Kwa chomera chokula kwambiri, mapangidwe amatha kuchitidwa podzilekanitsa ndi cuttings. Sulcorebutia imakulitsa kuchuluka kwake chifukwa chokhazikitsa mphukira zowoneka bwino.
• Zovala zapamwamba... Amadyetsedwa mwezi uliwonse ndi feteleza wokonzeka wa cacti ndi zokoma zokhala ndi calcium, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Feteleza ayenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka theka la mlingo woyenera ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mchaka ndi chilimwe. Nthawi yonse yopuma, kudyetsa kulibe.
• Mphika... Mphika wa sulcorebution umafuna wokulirapo komanso wosazama, wokhala ndi mabowo okwerera ngalande.
• Tumizani:
  1. Zomera zazing'ono zimamera ndikukula, ndipo zazikulu zimabzala zaka zitatu zilizonse.
  2. Ndondomeko yokhazikitsira imachitika masika kapena nthawi yophukira mutatha maluwa.
  3. Chomeracho chimachotsedwa m'nthaka yakale, ndikofunikira kuti mpira wadothi uume.
  4. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosamutsira, cactus imabzalidwa mu chidebe chatsopano, nthaka yomwe iyeneranso kuuma.
  5. Mukabzala, chomeracho chimayikidwa pamalo amthunzi ndipo kuthirira koyamba kumachitika patangotha ​​sabata imodzi.
• Nyengo yozizira... Sulcorebutia iyenera kukhala yopitilira kutentha kwa madigiri 6-10, popanda kuthirira. Mfundo yofunika kubzala ndikuyamba kukula pambuyo poti nthawi yayitali. Pakadali pano, masamba adayikidwa. Ndikofunikira kuletsa njirazi ndi kutentha pang'ono ndi kuuma mpaka kufika kwa kutentha kosasintha ndi kuwonjezeka kwa masana mpaka maola 13.

Fans of cacti atha kukonda zida zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cacti: Gymnokalycium, Opuntia, Pereskia, Ripsalidopsis, Ripsalis, Hatiora, Cereus, Epiphyllum, Echinocactus, Ailoster, Ariocactus.

Makhalidwe a chisamaliro chakunja

1. Kutchire, sulcorebution iyenera kuikidwa pamalo pomwe pali dzuwa.
2. Kufikira kuyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo yakumpoto.
3. Chaka chilichonse, nthaka pansi pa cacti iyenera kusinthidwa, mwina pang'ono, ndipo namsongole ayenera kuchotsedwa mosamala.
4. Kutsirira kumachitika pakagwa mvula kwa nthawi yayitali. Madzi ayenera kukhala ofewa, osati ochokera pachitsime.
5. Sungani mosamala udzu wozungulira dambo la nkhadze.
6. Kutentha kukatsikira mpaka madigiri khumi, nkhadzeyo imakumba ndikusamutsira nyengo yozizira m'nyumba.

Kufalitsa ndi mbewu ndi mphukira zammbali

• Mbewu:
  1. Pofesa mbewu, muyenera kusankha zidebe zokulirapo.
  2. Njerezo zimathiridwa potaziyamu permanganate yofooka tsiku limodzi musanadzalemo.
  3. Mbeu zimabalalika panthaka ndikunyowetsa gawo lapansi.
  4. Chidebecho chimaphimbidwa ndikusiyidwa pamalo owala kutentha kwa madigiri 15-20.
  5. Ziphukazo zikaoneka, muyenera kudikirira mpaka kutalika kwa tsinde lawo kufika 2 cm, kuyambira pamenepo atha kuziika m'miphika yaying'ono.
• Mbali mphukira... Pakukula, sulcorebutia imatulutsa "makanda" ambiri.
  1. Mphukira yotsatira imasiyanitsidwa ndikuchita kupindika pang'ono ndi dzanja. Pochita izi, onetsetsani kuvala magolovesi kuti musawononge khungu ndi minga.
  2. Zomwe zimabzala zimayikidwa mu gawo lowuma la cacti.
  3. Chomeracho chiyenera mizu panthaka youma, zitachitika izi, sulcorebution imayamba kuthiriridwa ndi syringe kapena pipette.

Kubalana panja

• Zomera zokhwima zokha, zokha ndizoyenera kusunthira panja.
• Sulcorebution, wobzalidwa m'munda nthawi yachilimwe, amatha kukhala odulidwa, koma osavomerezeka kuti azule cuttings m'munda nthawi yomweyo.
• Kumayambiriro kwa moyo wodziyimira pawokha, odulira amafunika kuzika mizu muzotengera zazing'ono.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

1. Monga ma cacti onse, sulcorebutia imavunda ndi ngalande zosayenera komanso kuchepa kwa chinyezi.
2. Tsinde lalitali la chomeralo likuwonetsa kuyatsa kokwanira.
3. Cactus akawululidwa ndi dzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali, amatha kutentha.
4. Kangaude wofiira ndiowopsa kwa sulcorebutia. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kovuta kuzindikira ndi diso lamaso; imazindikira kupezeka kwake chifukwa cha mawanga owala pakhungu la tsinde. Pokhala ndi tiziromboti tambiri, kangaude kamene kakutira chomeracho chimawoneka.

   Tizilombo tiwonongedwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Maluwa ofanana

Kunja, Sulcorebutia ndi ofanana ndi:

• Rebutia (mutha kuphunzira zambiri zamitundu ya Rebutia apa);
• Lobivia;
• Echinopsis;
• Mammillaria;
• Astrophytum.

Ngakhale amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera m'nyumba, cacti sadzakhala anthu wamba mnyumba. Makamaka, amalima amati palibe ma sulcorebutias awiri ofanana padziko lapansiChifukwa chake, mutha kuyimitsa chisankho chanu pomerapo, ngati mungafune, khalani ndi zinthu zoyambira mkati.

Onerani kanemayo: CHARACTER ROULETTE! Plants vs Zombies Garden Warfare 2 (June 2024).