Potsdam - mzinda waku Germany wokhala ndi mbiri yakale
Potsdam (Germany) ndi mzinda womwe uli kum'mawa kwa boma, 20 km kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Berlin. Ili ndi likulu la boma la federal ku Brandenburg, pomwe ili mzinda wakunja. Potsdam ili m'mphepete mwa Mtsinje wa Havel, m'chigwa chokhala ndi nyanja zambiri.
Mzindawu uli pafupifupi 190 km², ndipo pafupifupi ¾ m'chigawo chonsecho mumakhala malo obiriwira. Anthu okhala pano akuyandikira anthu 172,000.
Potsdam adasintha kwambiri kuchokera kudera laling'ono la Asilavo, kutchulidwa koyamba komwe kunachokera ku 993, kupita mumzinda womwe udasankhidwa kukhala nyumba yachifumu ku 1660.
Potsdam wamakono ndi umodzi mwamizinda yokongola kwambiri ku Germany, ndipo zomangamanga zake ndizowonekera ku Europe konse. Kuyambira 1990, chikhalidwe chonse chamatauni chaphatikizidwa m'ndandanda wa UNESCO World Heritage.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Khoma la Berlin litamangidwa mu 1961, Potsdam, yomwe ili kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Berlin komanso gawo la GDR, idapezeka pamalire ndi FRG. Zotsatira zake, nthawi yoyenda kuchokera ku Potsdam kupita ku likulu la GDR yawirikiza. Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Khoma komanso mgwirizano wa GDR ndi West Germany (1990), Potsdam idakhala likulu la mayiko a Brandenburg.
Zokopa zapamwamba
Chifukwa choti Potsdam ndi mzinda wa Berlin, alendo ambiri omwe amabwera ku likulu la Germany amayendera tsiku limodzi. Apaulendo omwe akuyesera kuwona za Potsdam tsiku limodzi adzakhala ndi pulogalamu yolemera komanso yosiyanasiyana.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Mzindawu ndi kwawo kwa studio yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yopanga makanema kuyambira 1912 - Babelsberg. Pano pali zithunzi zomwe ma greats Marlene Dietrich ndi Greta Garbo adajambulidwa. Situdiyoyi ikugwirabe ntchito, ndipo nthawi zina alendo amaloledwa kuwona njira zina, mwachitsanzo, kupanga zina zapadera.
Nyumba ya Sanssouci ndi Park Complex
Sanssouci ili ndi mbiri yoyenerera kukhala malo okongola kwambiri komanso otsogola ku Germany. Tsamba lotetezedwa ndi UNESCO lafalikira kudera lalikulu lamapiri la mahekitala 300. Pali zokopa zambiri pakiyi:
- bwalo lokongoletsedwa bwino ndi minda yamphesa
- nyumba yoyamba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ku Germany yokhala ndi zojambula zokha
- Kachisi wakale
- Kachisi waubwenzi
- Malo osambira achiroma.
Koma nyumba yofunika kwambiri yomwe ili paki ya Sanssouci ndiye nyumba yachifumu, nyumba yakale yamfumu ya Prussia.
Mutha kudziwa zonse zokhudza Sanssouci kuchokera m'nkhaniyi.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Chikondwerero chotchuka kwambiri ku Germany Potsdamer Schlössernacht chimachitika chaka chilichonse ku Sanssouci Palace. Pulogalamuyi ikuphatikizapo ma concert a nyimbo za symphonic, misonkhano yolemba komanso zisudzo zomwe akatswiri ojambula padziko lonse amatenga nawo mbali. Chiwerengero cha matikiti a tchuthi nthawi zonse chimakhala chochepa, chifukwa chake muyenera kusamalira kugula pasadakhale.
Nyumba yachifumu yatsopano
Kumbali yakumadzulo kwa malo osungira nyama ku Sanssouci ndi chinthu china chosangalatsa cha Potsdam ndi Germany. Awa ndi gulu lokhalitsa: nyumba yokongola ya Neues Palais, ma communes ndi chipilala chopambana chomwe chili ndi khonde. Frederick Wamkulu adayamba kumanga nyumba yachifumu mu 1763 kuwonetsa dziko lapansi mphamvu zosawonongeka ndi chuma cha Prussia. Zinatenga zaka 7, ndipo ntchito yonse idamalizidwa.
New Palace ndi yayitali (200 m) ya zipinda zosanja zitatu yomwe imawoneka yayikulu kwambiri chifukwa cha dome lomwe lili pakatikati pa denga. Dome lalitali la 55 m limakongoletsedwa ndi zisomo zitatu zokhala ndi korona. Zonsezi, ziboliboli 267 zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa nyumbayo, yambiri yomwe ili padenga. Palinso nthabwala ya Heinrich Heine: wolemba ndakatulo adati padenga la nyumba yotchuka mumzinda wa Potsdam pali anthu ambiri kuposa mkati.
Popeza kuti Neues Palais idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Frederick Wamkulu kuntchito komanso malo ogona alendo olemekezeka, malo ambiri amkati ndi zipinda zosiyana ndi maholo azisangalalo. Nyumba ndi maofesi amakongoletsedwa ndi zojambula ndi olemba aku Europe azaka za 16th-18th. Palinso zokopa monga chiwonetsero "Gallery of Potsdam", chomwe chimafotokoza za mbiri yachifumu kuyambira pomwe idawonekera mpaka pano.
Pansi pambali pa mapiko akumwera kumakhala bwalo lamalamulo lam'zaka za zana la 18th lokhala ndi mkati mwake lopangidwa ndi penti yofiira ndi yoyera yokhala ndi ulusi wopindika ndi stuko. Bwaloli lilibe bokosi lachifumu, chifukwa Frederick Wamkulu adakonda kukhala mchipinda, mzere wachitatu. Tsopano pa siteji ya zisudzo, zisudzo nthawi ndi nthawi zimaperekedwa kwa omvera.
Ma communes anali ngati zomangirira ndipo nthawi yomweyo adaphimba madambo osakongola ochokera kumadzulo kwa paki. Lero ma communes ali kwawo ku yunivesite yophunzitsa.
Adilesi yokopa: Neuen Palais, 14469 Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany.
Maulendo amatha mu Epulo-Okutobala kuyambira 10:00 am mpaka 6:00 pm, ndipo Novembala-Marichi kuyambira 10:00 mpaka 6:00 pm. Lolemba lililonse ndi tsiku lopuma, ndipo pachimake pakuchuluka kwa alendo, kupezeka kumakhalanso kochepa Lachiwiri (pali maulendo omwe amakonzekereratu).
- Mtengo wa tikiti yovomerezeka ndi 8 €, tikiti yololezera ndi 6 €.
- Kuti muwone zowoneka bwino za malo otchuka a Sanssouci ku Potsdam, Germany, ndizopindulitsa kugula tikiti ya Sanssouci + - yokwanira ndi yokwanira 19 € ndi 14 €, motsatana.
Tsitsilienhof
Chokopa china chotsatira ku Potsdam ndi Schloss Cecilienhof. Uwu ndiye nyumba yomaliza yomangidwa ndi banja la a Hohenzollern: mu 1913-1917 idamangidwira Prince Wilhelm ndi mkazi wake Cecilia.
Poyesera kuti abise kukula kwa nyumbayi, yomwe inali ndi zipinda 176, wopanga mapulani mwaluso adakhazikitsa nyumba mozungulira mabwalo asanu. Chimbudzi 55 chimakwera pamwamba padenga la nyumbayi, ina mwa iyo imagwira ntchito, ndipo ina ndi zinthu zokongoletsa. Ma chimney onse ndi osiyana kotheratu! Pakatikati pa nyumbayi pali holo yayikulu, momwe masitepe okulirapo omata amapita kuchipinda chachiwiri, kuzipinda zapadera za banja lolemekezeka.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! M'chilimwe cha 1945, munali mu Schloss Cecilienhof pomwe msonkhano wa ku Potsdam udachitikira, pomwe atsogoleri a magulu opambana pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, Truman, Churchill ndi Stalin, adakumana. Pangano la Potsdam, lomwe lidakhazikitsidwa pano ndi Big Three, lidakhazikitsa maziko a dongosolo latsopano ku Germany: posakhalitsa dzikolo lidagawika GDR ndi FRG, ndipo mzinda wa Potsdam udatsalira ku Eastern Territory, gawo la GDR.
Gawo laling'ono la nyumba yachifumu ya Cecilienhof tsopano lili ku Potsdam Conference Museum. Malo omwe msonkhanowu unkachitikira sanasinthebe, ndipo pali tebulo lalikulu lozungulira lopangidwa ku fakitole ya Soviet "Lux" makamaka pamwambowu. Ndipo pabwalo, kutsogolo kwa khomo lalikulu, pali bedi lamaluwa lokonzedwa bwino, lomwe linayikidwa mu 1945 ngati nyenyezi yofiira isanu.
Malo ambiri a Cecilienhof ali m'manja mwa 4 * Relexa Schlosshotel Cecilienhof.
Adilesi yokopa: Im Neuen Garten 11, 14469 Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany.
Nyumba yosungiramo zakale imatsegulidwa kuyambira Lachiwiri mpaka Lamlungu malinga ndi ndandanda:
- Epulo-Okutobala - kuyambira 10:00 mpaka 17:30;
- Novembala-Marichi - kuyambira 10:00 mpaka 16:30.
Mtengo woyendera:
- kuyenda kudutsa dimba loyandikana nalo;
- Museum of the Potsdam Conference - 8 € yodzaza, 6 € yachepetsa;
- maulendo opita kuzipinda zapadera za kalonga ndi mkazi wake - 6 € yathunthu ndipo 5 € yachepetsa.
Yerekezerani mitengo ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito Fomu iyi
Chipata cha Brandenburg
Mu 1770, polemekeza kutha kwa Nkhondo Yazaka Zisanu ndi ziwiri, Mfumu Frederick II Wamkulu adalamula kuti kumangidwe kwa chipata cha chipambano ku Potsdam, chotchedwa Chipata cha Brandenburg.
Zithunzi za nyumbayo zinali Arch of Roman of Constantine. Komabe Chipata cha Brandenburg chili ndi gawo limodzi: mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Chowonadi ndichakuti kapangidwe kake kanapangidwa ndi akatswiri awiri opanga mapulani - Karl von Gontard ndi Georg Christian Unger - ndipo aliyense adapanga choyimira "chake".
Adilesi yokopa: Luisenplatz, 14467 Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany.
Gawo lachi Dutch
Mu 1733-1740, nyumba 134 zidamangidwa ku Potsdam kwa amisiri achi Dutch omwe adabwera ku Germany kudzagwira ntchito. Nyumbazi zidapanga gawo lonse (Holländisches Viertel), logawidwa ndimisewu iwiri m'magawo 4. Nyumba za njerwa zofiira zamtundu umodzi zokhazokha, ngalande zoyambirira ndi zipata - kapangidwe kameneka ka Quarter ya Dutch komwe kali ndi kununkhira kwadziko kumasiyanitsa ndi Potsdam yense.
Holländisches Viertel ndi msewu wake waukulu wa Mittelstraße kalekale wasandulika ngati malo owonera alendo "mumzinda wamakono. Nyumba zokongola zokhala ndi nyumba zapamwamba, masitolo achikale, masitolo azikumbutso, nyumba zaluso, malo odyera abwino kwambiri ndi malo omwera bwino. Chiwonetsero cha Holländisches Viertel chili ku Mittelstraße 8, pomwe mutha kuwona mitundu yazithunzi zitatu za nyumba ya kotala, zinthu zapanyumba za anthu akumaloko.
Ndipo palibe mafotokozedwe kapena zithunzi zokopa izi ku Potsdam sizimapereka mtundu wake wonse komanso mawonekedwe ake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake alendo omwe amabwera kudzawona mzinda waku Germany akufulumira kudzacheza kuno.
Museum ya Barberini
Kumayambiriro kwa 2017 ku Potsdam, munyumba yokongola yazitunda zitatu yokhala ndi miyala yoyera yamiyala yoyera, nyumba yatsopano yosungiramo zinthu zakale idatsegulidwa - Museum Barberini. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ya Barberini idamangidwa ndi woyang'anira Hasso Plattner, ndipo dzinalo lidaperekedwa polemekeza Nyumba Yachifumu ya Barberini yomwe idawonongedwa pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse. Chifukwa chake mutha kuwona kukopa kumodzi ku Potsdam.
Zosangalatsa! Atangotsegulira, Barberini adalowa m'malo mwa mtsogoleri pamasamba 10 apamwamba osungira zakale malinga ndi Guardian.
Kuwonetsedwa kwazithunzi zatsopano kutengera zojambula zojambulidwa za Hasso Platner:
- ntchito za impressionists ndi modernists;
- ntchito zoyimira luso la pambuyo pa nkhondo ndipo pambuyo pake zaluso za GDR;
- zojambula ndi ojambula amakono omwe adapangidwa pambuyo pa 1989.
Zisonyezero zakanthawi zili pansi pa zitatu kapena zitatu - zimasinthidwa katatu pachaka. Pa tsamba lovomerezeka la https://www.museum-barberini.com/ nthawi zonse mumatha kuwona ziwonetsero zakanthawi kanyumbazi zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pamasiku enieni.
- Adilesi yokopa: Humboldtstrasse 5-6, 14467 Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany.
- Alendo akuyembekezeredwa pano kuyambira 10:00 mpaka 19:00 tsiku lililonse la sabata, kupatula Lachiwiri. Lachinayi lililonse loyambirira la mwezi, zowonekera zimatsegulidwa kuyambira 10:00 mpaka 21:00.
- Ana ochepera zaka 18 amalowetsedwa kumalo osungira zakale kwaulere. Ndalama zolowera achikulire ndi opindula ndi 14 € ndi 10 € motsatana. Pa ola lomaliza la ntchito, tikiti yamadzulo ndi yolondola, mtengo wake wonse ndi 8 €, wotsika 6 €.
Kumpoto Belvedere
Belvedere pa Phiri la Pfingstberg, kumpoto kwa mzindawu, kutali ndi pakati, ndiyonso yokopa kwambiri. Kunja kwa malo ovuta (1863) ndi kokongola: iyi ndi nyumba yokongola ya Kubadwanso Kwatsopano kwa Italiya yokhala ndi nsanja zazikulu ziwiri ndi khonde lalikulu.
Belvedere Pfingstberg adakhalabe malo opezekako tchuthi kwanthawi yayitali mpaka mu 1961 Khoma la Berlin la mita 155 lidamangidwa, lomwe lidagawanitsa FRG ndi GDR. Kuyambira pamenepo, a belvedere, omwe adatsalira ndi Potsdam ku GDR, anali kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse: inali malo ofunikira kuchokera pomwe zinali zotheka kupita kudziko loyandikana nalo. Monga malo ambiri m'mbiri ya GDR, belvedere pang'onopang'ono idasokonekera ndikukomoka. Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1990, pambuyo pa kuphatikizidwa kwa GDR ndi FRG, malo okondedwa a nzika zambiri adabwezeretsedwanso.
Pali malo okwelera pa nsanja ya belvedere, pomwe pali zozungulira zozizwitsa zowonekera. Nyengo yabwino, kuchokera pamenepo mutha kuwona osati Potsdam yense, komanso Berlin, makamaka mzinda wodziwika bwino - nsanja ya TV.
North Belvedere amapezeka ku Neuer Garten, 14469 Potsdam, Germany.
Maola otsegulira:
- mu Epulo-Okutobala - tsiku lililonse 10:00 mpaka 18:00;
- mu Marichi ndi Novembala - kuyambira 10:00 mpaka 16:00 Loweruka ndi Lamlungu.
Mitengo ili motere (mumauro):
- tikiti wamkulu - 4.50;
- tikiti yochepetsedwa (osagwira ntchito, ophunzira osakwana zaka 30, ndi zina zambiri) - 3.50;
- ana azaka 6 mpaka 16 - 2;
- ana ochepera zaka 6 - kuloledwa ndi kwaulere;
- tikiti yabanja (akulu awiri, ana atatu) - 12;
- malangizo a audio - 1.
Nyumba zotsika mtengo ku Potsdam
Booking.com imapereka zipinda m'ma hotelo opitilira 120 ku Potsdam, komanso nyumba zambiri zapadera. Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi mahotela onse mumzinda uno ndi am'magawo 3 * ndi 4 *. Pogwiritsa ntchito zosefera zingapo zosavuta, mutha kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri, ndipo kuwunika kwa alendo kudzakuthandizani kuwonetsetsa kuti chisankhocho ndi cholondola.
Ku hotela 3 * zipinda ziwiri zimapezeka kwa 75 € ndi 135 € patsiku. Nthawi yomweyo, mitengo yamtengo wapatali imasungidwa kuyambira 90 mpaka 105 €.
Chipinda chachiwiri mu hotelo ya 4 * chitha kubwerekedwa kwa 75 - 145 € patsiku. Pafupifupi onse, ndi 135 - 140 € pachipinda chilichonse.
Nyumba yabwino m'chipinda chimodzi cha Potsdam (Germany) imatha kubwerekedwa pafupifupi 90 - 110 € patsiku.
Momwe mungachokere ku Berlin
Tiyeni tiganizire njira yabwino kwambiri yochokera ku Berlin kupita ku Potsdam.
Potsdam kwenikweni ndi mzinda wa likulu la Germany, ndipo mizindayi yolumikizidwa ndi netiweki zapa S-Bahn. Pomwe masitima amabwera ku Potsdam ndi Potsdam Hauptbahnhof, ndipo mutha kuchoka kulikulu kuchokera pafupi ndi siteshoni iliyonse ya S-Bahn komanso kuchokera kusiteshoni yapakati ya Friedrichstraße.
Sitima zimayenda mozungulira nthawi ndi mphindi pafupifupi 10 mphindi. Ulendo wochokera ku Friedrichstraße kupita komwe mukupita umatenga mphindi 40.
Mtengo wamatikiti ndi 3.40 €. Mutha kugula mumakina ogulitsa muma station, ndipo muyeneranso kumenyetsa pamenepo. Popeza Potsdam ndi gawo loyendera likulu la Germany, pitani kwaulere ndi Khadi Lolandiridwa la Berlin.
Masitima apamtunda RE ndi RB amathamanganso kuchokera kokwerera masitima apamtunda a Friedrichstrasse kupita ku Potsdam (mizere RE1 ndi RB21 ndioyenera kutsata izi). Ulendowu umatenga nthawi yocheperako (pafupifupi theka la tsiku), ndipo mtengo wake ndi womwewo. Tikitiyi itha kugulidwa kuofesi yamatikiti kapena pawebusayiti ya Rail Europe, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito njanji ku Europe konse.
Zofunika! Kuti muwone momwe mungayendere kuchokera ku Berlin kupita ku Potsdam pa sitima kapena sitima, pomwe sitima yoyandikira kwambiri imanyamuka kuchokera pa siteshoni inayake, mutha kufotokoza chilichonse chokhudza chidwi paulendo wapaintaneti wa njanji ya Berlin: https://sbahn.berlin/en/ ...
Mitengo yonse patsamba lino ndi ya Ogasiti 2019.
Yendetsani kuchokera ku Berlin kupita ku Potsdam - kanema.