M'nkhalango mumatchedwa, kapena momwe mungalimere mipesa ya kukwera kwa gloxinia kunyumba ndi m'munda

Pali chithumwa chapadera pakukwera mitengo. Sangopanga chithunzi chachikondi m'mundamo, komanso amakhala ngati linga, kapena chophimba.

Munkhaniyi tidziwa za gloxinia yopindika. Tiphunzira momwe tingasamalire chomerachi ndikupeza zovuta zomwe zingasokoneze duwa ili.

Zina zambiri

Dzina lolondola, lasayansi la chomera ichi ndi lofos, kapena lofospermum. Mmodzi mwa anthu achi Russia ndi nthanga. Koma maluwa ake ndi ofanana ndi maluwa a gloxinia, ndichifukwa chake ma lofos adalandira dzina lina - lopindika gloxinia. Lofos ndi mpesa wosatha wochokera ku North ndi Central America. Ndi za masamba obiriwira nthawi zonse.

Lofos amasiya velvety mpaka kukhudza amafanana ndi gloxinia... M'malo mwake, chomeracho sichikhala cha banja la hersenium, koma ndi cha oimira maluwa a norichnik. Zomera monga asarina red ndi maurandia nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa lofos, koma mwasayansi izi sizowona. Ndizofanana, koma ndizosiyana mitundu.

Malangizo! M'nyengo, curxin gloxinia imatha kufikira 3 mita kutalika. Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 17, ma lofos amadziwika pakati pa omwe amalima maluwa. Ankagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga wowonjezera kutentha, kukongoletsa makonde ndi gazebos. M'madera otentha, ndizotheka kulima mipesa ngati chaka chilichonse m'munda, komanso osatha mnyumba.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe

Mphukira ndi yayitali, yaying'ono, yobiriwira bwino komanso masamba obiriwira amafanana ndi maluwa opangidwa ndi mphesa, maluwa ooneka ngati belu okhala ndi m'mbali. Masambawo ndiokha, akulu, oyera, pinki komanso kapezi wolemera.

Mawonekedwe::

1. Chofunika kwambiri: chomeracho ndi chokwanira, chimatha kukula pothandizira, koma chimakhala bwino mukamagwa pamalo omwe amafikira pamalo okwera. Ichi ndichifukwa chake imabzalidwa m'miphika yopachika.
2. Chodziwika bwino chakukula kumadera otentha ndikuti ndikayamba chisanu choyambirira, chomeracho chiyenera kusamutsidwa kupita mnyumbamo. Mutha kudula mphukira zazitali, koma ngati simutero, chomeracho chipitilira kuphulika kunyumba mpaka nthawi yozizira.

Kumene ndi momwe kudzala?

Choyamba, muyenera kugula mbande, kapena kumera kuchokera ku mbewu. Chomeracho chimasamutsidwa kupita kumunda, kumapeto kwa chisanu chomaliza.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Curly Gloxinia amakonda kuyatsa bwino, koma sichilekerera cheza chachangu cha dzuwa lotentha. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuyiyika kuti kuyatsa kufalikire. Mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi khoma la nyumba, kapena pansi pa denga la gazebo. Popeza chomeracho ndi chokwanira, ndikofunikira kuyiyika mu chidebe padenga. Mphukira za Lofos ndizosalimba, chifukwa chake muyenera kupereka malo otetezedwa ku mphepo.

Kuti isaswe m'mphepete mwa mphika pomwe mphukira imabwerera, m'pofunika kukhazikitsa kothandizira pang'ono pamunsi pake. Iyenera kuwoneka chonchi: choyamba, mpesa umayenda mothandizidwa pang'ono pafupifupi 20 cm, kenako nkugwa.

Upangiri! Mphika uyenera kukhala wokulirapo, osachepera 25 cm.

Zofunika panthaka

Kukwera kwa gloxinia kulibe zofunikira zilizonse pakupanga nthaka, Poganizira za kupezeka kwake mu chidebecho, ndikofunikira kusamalira chonde ndikukula kwa nthaka. Ndikofunikira kukonza nthaka molingana ndi magawo awa:

• Chonde chimakupatsani tsamba la humus, kapena kompositi.
• The porosity ipereka mchenga wabwino.
• Kusalowerera ndale kapena pang'ono zamchere. Apa muyenera kuwona nthaka. Ngati mukukaikira, onjezerani phulusa lamatabwa.
• Chinyezi chimapereka peat.

Kuchokera pano timapeza nthaka yotsatira: nthaka yamchere, mchenga, peat ndi tsamba la humus mu chiŵerengero cha 3: 1: 1: 1 kuphatikiza phulusa lochepa pamalita 5 a nthaka yosakaniza. Mutha kutenga dothi lokonzekera lokhala ndi mipesa, kapena chilengedwe cha maluwa.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji moyenera?

Ganizirani malamulo osamalira kupindika kwa gloxinia:

1. Kuthirira.

   Chomera chomwe chikukula mwachangu chobiriwira kwambiri chimafuna kuthirira mobwerezabwereza. Tsiku lililonse muyenera kuthira nthaka bwino, nthawi yotentha, yang'anani nthaka madzulo, ndikubwereza kuthirira ngati kuli kofunikira. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, kuti nthaka isamaume.

2. Zovala zapamwamba.

   Maluwa ambiri komanso kukula mwachangu kumafunikira kudya kosalekeza, kotero katatu pamwezi ndikofunikira kudyetsa chomeracho ndi fetereza wovuta wamaluwa wamaluwa. Zikuchokera ayenera kukhala nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu kuphatikiza zinthu zina.

3. Kupanga mbewu.

   Chomeracho chimadulidwa, nthawi zina izi zimachitika nyengo yachisanu isanachitike, kudula mphukira zonse mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 10 mpaka 15. Mbande zazing'ono zimayenera kutsinidwa zikakula mpaka masentimita 10. Pamene zikukula, mutha kufupikitsa mphukira zazitali kwambiri ndikuchepetsanso zowonjezera. Komabe, popanda changu chosafunikira, apo ayi chomeracho chitha kugwa m'mavuto.
4. Nyengo yozizira.

   Pomwe pakakhala chiwopsezo chakumazizira, gloxinia yopindika imasamutsidwa mchipindamo. Mwambiri, malo aliwonse omwe kutentha sikutsikira pansi pa madigiri 5 ndi oyenera. Mutha kuziyika mumphika wina ndikudula mphukira. Ngati pali malo obzala chomera choterocho mnyumbamo, mphukira zimatsalira, ndipo ma lofos adzaphuka mpaka Disembala, kenako pakati pa dzinja.

   Curly gloxinia ilibe nthawi yopuma, ndipo imachedwetsa kukula kwake pakatha miyezi 1-2 pachaka. Pa nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kutentha pang'ono pamadigiri 10 mpaka 12. Mukasamukira kuchipinda, muyenera kuwunika chitetezo cha mphukira zosalimba, onetsetsani kuti zisasakanizike.

5. Zoyenera kuchita nthawi yachaka.

   Poyambira masiku oyamba dzuwa, kukwera kwa gloxinia kudulidwa, kumamasula ku mipesa yofooka yomwe yatambasula m'nyengo yozizira. Patsala mphukira mpaka masentimita 10. Mphukira zomwe zadulidwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kasamalidwe kabwino. Chomeracho chimathiriridwa mosamala kuti chisawonongeke nthaka. Masamba atsopano akangotuluka, amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Mutha kubzala ma lofos m'munda kumapeto kwa chisanu usiku watha.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Popeza lofos ndi chomera chosowa pamabedi athu, palibe chidziwitso chazomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi tizirombo. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tikambirane zavutoli m'njira zambiri.

Matenda

Matenda azomera zomwe zingachitike patsamba lino ndikufalikira kuzomera zonse zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• Matenda a fungal.

  Fusarium, powdery mildew, tsamba banga, dzimbiri, peronosporosis ndi ena. Amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala apadera - fungicides. Kukonzekera kumachitika kawiri. Pakadutsa masiku 14. Kukonzekera kopangidwa ndi mkuwa monga oxychom ndi fungicides yothandiza. Phukusi la 10 g lidzawononga ma ruble 60.

  Mukasungunuka ndi ndalamayi, malo akulu amatha kuchiritsidwa. Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chamankhwala, ndikofunikira kuchepa mbewu zomwe zimabzalidwa pafupipafupi, kuchotsa masamba owonjezera. Chifukwa kukhuthala kwazomera komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi chinyezi chambiri kumathandizira kukulitsa bowa.

• Matenda a kachilombo ka zomera m'munda sangathe kuchiritsidwa.

  Zitsanzo zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kuwonongedwa nthawi yomweyo. Tizilomboti timafalikira ndi tizirombo tating'onoting'ono, zida zauve mukamadzaza mitengo. Chiwonetsero cha matenda a tizilombo - zithunzi pamasamba, kupindika, kupotoza, kusintha mawonekedwe a duwa.

• Matenda a bakiteriya.

  Amakhala ofanana ndi mafangasi, koma mawanga pamasamba ndi mafuta m'mphepete mwake. Kuchotsa madera omwe akhudzidwa ndikuwachiza mankhwala opha tizilombo kapena ma antibacterial kungathandize.

Tizirombo

M'munda, kuukira tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndikotheka... Maluwa amakonda kufalitsa nsabwe za m'masamba, thrips, nthata za kangaude ndi whitefly. Njira yosavuta ndiyo kuchiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo, koma mvula ikayamba kugwa, tizilombo timatha kubwerera. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukonzanso.

Ngati nsabwe za m'masamba zikuwoneka, ndiye kuti pali nyerere zomwe zimachita kuswana. Nyerere ziyenera kuchotsedwa, apo ayi nsabwe za m'masamba zidzawonekera mobwerezabwereza. Pali kukonzekera kwapadera kwa nyerere. Tizilombo tambiri timaberekana nthawi yotentha, yotentha.

Zoswana

Curly gloxinia imaberekanso m'njira ziwiri.

Zodula

M'chaka, kudulira mphukira kukuchitika, mutha kudula cuttings ndikuzula m'nthaka yamchenga ndi nthaka wamba. Muyenera kutenga zocheka zochulukirapo, chifukwa sizikongoletsa bwino kuti zitheke. Pobzala, samatenga apical, koma gawo lapakati la 10 cm kutalika... Gwirani zidutswa zingapo muchidebe chimodzi chakuya masentimita atatu.

Zofunika! Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa ndipo payenera kukhala mabowo okhetsa pansi pa beseni. Chidebecho chimakutidwa ndi thumba la pulasitiki ndikuyika pamalo otentha, owala. Zitenga nthawi yayitali. Masamba akangotuluka, chomeracho chatenga mizu. Cuttings pachimake mochedwa kwambiri kuposa overwintered wamkulu zomera.

Mbewu

Kumapeto kwa February, mutha kuyamba kufesa mbewu za ma lofos. Zayikidwa pamwamba pa nthaka yonyowa pokonza, mutha kuwaza mchenga. Chidebecho chimakutidwa ndi zowonekera ndipo mbande zimayang'aniridwa. Zomera zimamira m'masabata atatu zitamera. Amabzalidwa panja, nthawi yomweyo mbewu zachikulire. Mitengo yotere imakula pachaka chachiwiri chokha. Mbewu za gloxinia zomwe zimakwera zimapsa nthawi yozizira, ngati simudula mphukira nthawi yophukira.

Mapeto

Kukwera kwa gloxinia (lofos) - chomera chomwe sitikudziwikabe... Pamafunika zinthu zina zapadera, koma chosangalatsa kwambiri kwa akatswiri okonda maluwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwe okongola a kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kwa mphukira zakugwa ndi "mphesa" masamba ndi maluwa okongola akulu amatha kukongoletsa ngodya iliyonse yamunda. Yankho labwino kwambiri pakukongoletsa ma loggias ndi makonde, komanso malo obiriwira kunyumba ndi gazebos. Yesetsani, pitani mbewu zatsopano, zizisangalatse inu ndi okondedwa anu!