Honeysuckle: kukongola kwa nkhope zambiri, simungachitire mwina koma kuzikonda!

Honeysuckle ndi chomera chapadera chomwe chimapezeka kwambiri m'minda ndi m'mapaki. Shrub imabzalidwa ngati tchinga lokongoletsera, ndi mitundu yodyedwa, komanso ngati zipatso za mabulosi. Zipatsozi ndizapadziko lonse lapansi, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzekera ma jellies, jamu, ma liqueurs ndi ma liqueurs, amakhala achisanu komanso owuma. Mbali zonse za chomeracho zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala othandizira kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana.

Kodi honeysuckle ndi chiyani?

Honeysuckle ndimakongoletsedwe osatha ndi mabulosi shrub wokhala ndi korona wokongola. Dzinalo (Lonicera) "honeysuckle" limachokera kwa wasayansi wotchuka komanso wazomera Adam Lonicera, yemwe amakhala m'zaka za zana la 14. Ambiri kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, kumadera omwe nyengo imakhala yotentha. Chomeracho chimatha kukhala ndi tsinde lolunjika kapena tsinde lokwawa kapena lokwera. Mosasamala mtunduwo, imamasula msanga, ndikudzaza mpweya ndi fungo lokongola, lomwe limakopa njuchi zambiri.

Komwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito

Chaka chilichonse, honeysuckle imagonjetsa minda yambiri yamaluwa ndi masamba. Pali china chake choti mumukonde! Amamera mu Meyi chimodzi mwazoyamba, amasangalala ndi masamba osakhwima ndi fungo la uchi wa amondi, ndipo zipatso zake zimapsa koyambirira kuposa mbewu zina.

Amayamikira chifukwa cha chisamaliro chake chokhazikika, zokolola zambiri, makamaka m'malo omwe amakhala kumapeto kwa masika komanso chilimwe, komwe chilengedwe sichimakhala ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana. Zimapirira mosavuta nyengo yozizira kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale nthawi yamaluwa, chisanu cha -5 sichimakhudza kukolola kwabwino, komwe sikuyenera kulandira zipatso zina.

Mitundu yokongoletsa yokongoletsa imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa ofukula a arbors, pergolas ndi arches. Kuchokera ku zomera zokhala ndi korona wobiriwira komanso wandiweyani, mpanda wonunkhira umapangidwa, ukufalikira pafupifupi mpaka chisanu.

Ochita zodzikongoletsera amakonda zipatso chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo kwapadera, kununkhira komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu za pectin, chifukwa chake zimatulutsa zakudya zonunkhira, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati utoto wopanda vuto. Ndibwino kupanikizana, mu compote, mutha kuyiyanika, kuimitsa, kuipera ndi shuga, kupanga ma liqueurs ndi vinyo, ndipo zimadzaza bwanji ma pie!

Ambiri ntchito mankhwala wowerengeka pochiza matenda m'mimba, kuchepa magazi, matenda oopsa, matenda a khungu, kupuma dongosolo ndi ena. Honeysuckle imachiritsa osati zipatso zokha, zomwe zimayambitsa mandimu pamutu wa vitamini C, komanso magawo onse: masamba, makungwa, maluwa.

Bzalani mitundu

Nthawi zambiri, honeysuckle, yomwe imakhala ndi zipatso zodyedwa, imabzalidwa m'minda. Mitundu yokondedwa ndi anthu aku Russia: Pavlovskaya, Borel, Blue Spindle, Amphora, Gzhelka, Vasyugan, Gerda, Titmouse, Nymph Sineglazka, Blue Bird, Bochkarskaya, Leningrad Giant, Cinderella, Kamchadalka ndi Chernichka. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kupeza tsatanetsatane ndi kuwunikira kwa aliyense wa iwo. Pali mitundu yatsopano yamasankhidwe atsopano, koma imatha kulephera m'nyengo yachisanu yozizira, ndipo iyi yayesedwa kale pazaka zingapo ndi mibadwo ingapo ya wamaluwa. Mitunduyi imasiyanasiyana pakukhwima kwa mbeu, kutalika kwa tchire ndi mawonekedwe a nthambi, komanso kukoma kwa zipatso.

Kutsika

• Zabwino kwambiri - chitsamba chimakhala chokwanira, zokolola zake ndizokwera, koma zipatsozo sizokulirapo, zolemera pafupifupi 0,7 g.Zipatso zopanda kuwawa zimadziwika ndi kukhetsa pang'ono. Oyenera mipanda. Bzalani pafupi ndi "Nymph" ndi "Nizhegorodskaya molawirira" kuti apange mungu.
• Omega - amatanthauzanso mitundu yotsika pang'ono yokhala ndi korona wozungulira, koma zipatsozo ndizokulirapo ndipo zimafikira mpaka 1 g, sizingathe "kudzitama" ndi zokolola zambiri, koma zipatsozo sizimatha. Zipatso zopanda kuwawa, zotsekemera komanso zowawasa, chomeracho chimabzalidwa ngati tchinga.

Wapakatikati

• Nymph - chitsamba chogwirana ndi korona chowulungika ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Mitengoyi ndi yayikulu, 3 cm iliyonse, ndipo imalemera mpaka 1.2 g, mosamala, chitsamba chilichonse chimakondwera ndi zokolola za 1.5 kg. Mitengoyi imakhala ndi kukoma kokoma kokoma, wowawasa pang'ono. Bzalani pafupi ndi Violet, Omega, Blue Spindle kuti muvunditse mungu.
• Chimphona cha Leningrad - dzinalo limalankhula za malo osankhidwa ndi kukula kwa zipatso. Mbeu za kudera la Kamchatka zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati poyambira kuswana. Zipatsozo zimapsa msanga, zimatha kufika mpaka 4 cm, koma nthawi zambiri - 3 cm, zimakhala ndi khungu lolimba, zokolola zamtchire zimafika 3 kg. Mbali yazosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kukula kwa zipatso, ndi makonzedwe ake - m'magulu, omwe amathamangitsa kukolola. Chipatso chimakoma popanda kuwawa ndi kuwawa, sichimatha kuchokera tchire kwa nthawi yayitali.

Wamtali

• Volkhova - chitsamba chokhala ndi korona wolimba chowulungika, wamtali ndi mphukira zakuda. Dzinalo limachokera ku mtsinje womwe ukuyenda m'chigawo cha Leningrad, komwe udaweta. Zili za mitundu yomwe imakhala yakucha nthawi yayitali, zipatso zake zimawonekera pakatikati pa Juni. Zipatsozi zimafikira kutalika kwa 1,7 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake kumakhala 0,8 g, ali ndi khungu lolimba kwambiri, ndipo kukoma kwake ndi kokoma. Kololani mpaka theka ndi theka mpaka ma kilogalamu awiri pachitsamba. Kubalalitsa sikofunika, mungu wochokera ku bumblebees, wobzalidwa pafupi ndi mitundu ina, mwachitsanzo: Lazurnaya, Pavlovskaya. Imalekerera chisanu choopsa.
• Matenda achi Tatar - yokongola shrub, imakula mpaka 2.5 mita, yosazizira chisanu, yosagwira chilala, ikadula, mutha kukhazikitsa korona wamtundu uliwonse. Chomera cha zaka 3-4 chimayamba kuphulika kuyambira Meyi-Juni, zipatso zowala zimayamba kupsa mu Julayi-Seputembara, sizidya. Oyenera ngati tchinga chokongoletsera.
• Zosangalatsa - njuchi yamoto yonyezimira yofala kwambiri pakapangidwe kazake, tsinde lake lopindika limatha kufikira 6 mita. Potanthauzira limatanthauza "tsamba la mbuzi", limakula mpaka kukula kwa 10 cm m'litali ndi 4 cm m'lifupi. Maluwa okongola okongola a pinki kapena kirimu wonunkhira bwino, womwe umakula madzulo. Mowa tincture amapangidwa ndi iwo, ndipo decoction amapangidwa ndi masamba, omwe amatsuka mmero ndi zilonda zapakhosi ndikusambitsa mutu ndikutaya tsitsi, zimathandizanso ndi colic.

Video chiwembu

Mitundu

Zipatso za Honeysuckle, ngakhale atakhala amtundu wanji, zimapsa msanga kuposa mbewu zina zamtundu uliwonse. Zina zimamasula nthawi yomweyo, koma perekani zipatso mtsogolo. Zipatso zamitundumitundu yazitsamba zimatha kusiyanasiyana mwezi ndi theka.

Kumayambiriro

• Katemera Ndi mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri, yomwe idapangidwa ku Moscow mu 1998 ndi A.G. Kuklina ndi A.K. Skvortsov, ogwira ntchito ku Main Botanical Garden. Amadziwika ndi zipatso zambiri, samasweka, ndipo amapirira chisanu chowala nthawi yamaluwa popanda zotsatirapo zokolola. Zipatso zopanda kuwawa, zonunkhira, zolemera mpaka 1 g, kukoma kokoma ndi kowawasa, mawonekedwe olumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe oyera pachimake. Kukolola kumayamba mzaka zachiwiri kapena zitatu za Juni.
• sitiroberi - mitundu ina yamaluwa yakucha yakumayambiriro, yopangidwa ndi South Ural Research Institute of Fruit and Vegetable Growing. Zitsamba zokolola kwambiri ndi mphukira zolimba, mpaka 2 mita kutalika, zosagwirizana ndi kuzizira, zimakonda mthunzi pang'ono kapena dzuwa, ndipo sizowona mosamala. Zipatso zolemera mpaka 2 g, zikakhwima, khalani panthambi nthawi yayitali, zotsekemera kwambiri ndi fungo la sitiroberi.

Chakumapeto

• Nkhunda - mitundu yodyedwa yokhala ndi zokolola zabwino. Kuchokera pachitsamba chachikulire, pansi pazikhalidwe zabwino, mutha kusonkhanitsa pafupifupi 2 kg yazipatso. Zipatsozo ndizotalika, zimalemera mpaka 1.6 g, zakuda buluu wokhala ndi pachimake choyera, khungu lowonda komanso zonunkhira zonunkhira. Kukoma kwake ndi kotsekemera komanso kowawasa kowawitsa zokometsera, kuwonekera kumapeto kwa Juni kapena koyambirira kwa Julayi, osagwa kuthengo kwanthawi yayitali.
• Serotin - zokometsera zokometsera, zokongoletsa, zimamasula ndi maluwa okongola onunkhira, kenako zimakhala zipatso zofiira. Imayamba kuphulika mu Juni-Ogasiti, ndikupitilira mpaka Seputembara-Okutobala, ngati ma inflorescence oyanika atachotsedwa munthawi yake ndipo zipatso siziloledwa kupanga. Fungo labwino, lobisika, linden, pofika madzulo kununkhira kumamveka kwamphamvu.
• Liana - imatha kufikira kutalika kwa mita ya 3-4, ndikukula kwapachaka mpaka mita, kubzalidwa ndi chithandizo. M'nyengo yozizira, mphukira zimamasulidwa mosamalitsa, zothandizidwa pansi, zokutidwa ndi nthambi za spruce ndikuwaza masamba owuma.
• Volkhova - zodyeramo honeysuckle. Avereji ya zokolola zosiyanasiyana: mpaka 1.5 kg pa chitsamba. Zipatso zokhala ndi khungu lolimba lolemera 0,8 g, zimafikira kutalika kwa 1,7 cm, sizilawa zowawa, zonunkhira, zimakhala ndi zotsekemera kwambiri zotikumbutsa za sitiroberi. Sakhala wopanda pake m'manja mwake, osamva chisanu, amakonda mthunzi pang'ono komanso kuthirira mizu pafupipafupi.

Momwe mungamere ndikusamalira honeysuckle

Honeysuckle amatanthauza mbewu zosadzichepetsa, komabe zimafunikira chidwi. Amakonda nthaka yonyowa, yotenthedwa bwino, yachonde, koma nthambi zakumunsi ziyenera kukhala mumthunzi. Tchire liyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo. Nthaka iliyonse ndiyabwino kupatula mchenga. Osabzala m'malo omwe madzi apansi amakhala pafupi.

ATHANDIZA! Chomeracho chimakonda nthaka pH ya 5.5-6.5, chifukwa chake, pafupifupi mwezi umodzi musanabzala pamalo okhazikika, pangani dothi lokhala ndi acidic powonjezera 1 sq. 200 g laimu.

Ngati mmera uli ndi mizu yotseguka (yopanda clod ya nthaka), ndibwino kuti mubzale kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira. Pakadali pano, kukula kwa mphukira muzomera kumasiya, nthawi yayitali imayamba. Ngati mmera watseka mizu, ndiye kuti nthawi yonse yokula.

Zitsambazi, ngati sizidulidwa, zimakwanitsa kukula pofika zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, kutalika kwake kumakhala pafupifupi mita 2. Pakadali pano, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizidula, kudula nthambi zouma zomwe zili pansi ndikuphwanya. Honeysuckle siyopindika, sikutanthauza kudulira mwamphamvu, koma siyilola kuyanjana pafupipafupi.

Chitsamba chilichonse chachikulu chimatha kufika mpaka 2 mita, ndipo mabulashi 15 amatha kumera.

Ndondomeko yotsatira ndikutsika

1. Masiku 4 musanadzale, kumbani mabowo (40x40x40 cm) ndi mtunda wa 1.5-2 m wamitundu yaying'ono, ndi 2.5-3 m wautali.
2. Ikani ngalande iliyonse mu dzenje (mwala wosweka, shards, dongo lokulitsa, njerwa zosweka, ndi zina zambiri).
3. Dzazani mabowo ndi nthaka yachonde yosakanikirana ndi zidebe ziwiri za manyowa, kilogalamu ya phulusa ndi 50 g wa superphosphate. Kwa dothi la kompositi yamchenga, zidebe pafupifupi 3 zimatengedwa ndikuwonjezera, ngati kungafunike, kwa 4-5 kg ​​ya dongo pa 1 mita mita.
4. Ndikofunika kutaya mabowo ndi mvula kapena madzi okhazikika.
5. Thirani chulu chadothi pakatikati pa dzenje, ikani mmera mosamala pamwamba, onetsani mizu mosamala.
6. Mosamala perekani mizu ndi nthaka m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, siyani khosi laulere. Thirani madzi ochuluka mdzenjemo kuti muthetse nthaka yothiridwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, onjezerani nthaka.
7. Pikisheni nthaka yozungulira thunthu kuti isunge chinyontho mwakuya ndikukopa minyozi yapadziko lapansi kumasula nthaka.

Masamba okhaokha ndi nthambi zomwe zili mkati mwa korona ndizomwe ziyenera kudulidwa mukabzala, chifukwa kudulira kwachikhalidwe kumachedwetsa kukula kwa mmera ndi kuyamba kwa zipatso zake.

CHOFUNIKA! M'chaka choyamba, ndikofunikira kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse, ndipo nthawi yozizira, ndikuphimba malowa ndi mulch (osachepera 15 cm).

Kusamalira bwino

Mbewuyo imatha kusonkhanitsidwa kwa zaka zingapo, komabe, idzakhala yaying'ono. Koma izi ndizosakhalitsa, ndipo kwa zaka zambiri, kutengera mitundu, idzafika 2 kg pa chitsamba. Honeysuckle ndi chomera chodula, sichimadwala ndipo, mosamala, ingakusangalatseni ndi zokolola zokhazikika mpaka zaka 30 kapena kupitilira apo.

Pakugwa, muyenera kuchepa korona kuchokera munthambi zouma zomwe zimasilira chomeracho. M'chaka, onjezerani zinthu zofunikira pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse, ndipo chipale chofewa chikayamba kusungunuka, chidyetseni ndi nayitrogeni. Ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa, kenako zipatso, kuthirira tchire ndi yothira madzi phulusa. Pewani mapangidwe kutumphuka pamtengo, nthaka iyenera kukhala yopanda mpweya ndikulola mizu kupuma. Kumasula kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala, popeza mizu ili pafupi, ndikuthirira "pamizu".

Malangizo avidiyo

Momwe mungafalitsire honeysuckle

Njira yosavuta yofalitsira honeysuckle kunyumba ndikudula nsonga za 30 cm kuchokera kuthengo ndikudulira mitengo kumapeto kwa nyengo, ikani "maluwa" m'madzi ndikuibzala patatha mwezi umodzi, mizu ikayamba. Kuti awonekere mwachangu, othandizira amatha kuwonjezeredwa m'madzi. Kubzala kwachinyamata kumapereka zokolola zoyamba zaka zitatu.

Muthanso kubzala honeysuckle ndi mbewu, koma njirayi ndi yolemetsa, ndipo imatenga nthawi yambiri. Chosavuta china ndikuti palibe chitsimikizo chachitetezo chamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Honeysuckle imaberekanso ndi kudula ndi magawano a tchire lachikulire. Pazokolola zabwino, mitundu ingapo iyenera kubzalidwa limodzi kuti muyanjane.

Mbali yapadera ya honeysuckle kuchokera ku mbewu zina za mabulosi ndikuti imakula mpaka koyambirira kwa chilimwe, kenako "hibernates". Chifukwa chake, imatha kuziikidwa (ndi clod lapansi) kuyambira Julayi mpaka chisanu. M'chaka, amadzuka molawirira, ngakhale nthaka isanateteze kwathunthu, ndipo salola kale kuziika.

Matenda ndi kuwononga tizilombo

Honeysuckle ali ndi "chitetezo" chabwino, chomeracho sichimadwala kawirikawiri. Adani akuluakulu ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi honeysuckle. Kuti muchotse, ndikwanira kuthana ndi zitsamba mukangokolola.

M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zitha kuvulazidwa ndi mbewa. Kutaya tchire ndi 3% ya sulphate yamkuwa kumapangitsa nthambi kukhala "zopanda pake" kwa makoswe, ndipo zimateteza kumatenda a fungal.

Ubwino ndi zovuta za honeysuckle

Honeysuckle imatha kuonedwa kuti ndi yachilengedwe, imathandizira matenda osiyanasiyana. Zipatso zake, zokhala ndi zinthu zambiri, vitamini C ndi zina zambiri, zimapsa pamaso pa wina aliyense ndikuthandizira thupi polimbana ndi kuchepa kwama vitamini.

Zopindulitsa

Zipatso za chomeracho sizongokhala zokoma zokha, komanso zimakhala zathanzi, madzi awo amathandiza kuchepetsa mkhalidwe wa odwala omwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba ndi zilonda, ndipo msuziwo umathandizira kuti magazi aziyenda bwino, koma simuyenera kumwa musanagone, chifukwa imakhudza kwambiri diuretic.

Msuzi wopangidwa kuchokera maluwa ndi masamba atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiza chimfine. Honeysuckle imathandizira m'matenda am'mimba, mwachitsanzo, imatha kulimbana ndi zilonda zam'mimba ndi gastritis, kuthetsa kupindika kwa capillary, kutsuka mitsempha yamagazi ndikubwezeretsanso thupi. Ndipo opakidwa ndi shuga, udzakhala chowonjezera cha vitamini m'thupi nthawi yophukira-nthawi yachisanu.

Zovuta komanso zotsutsana

Zipatso za Honeysuckle zilibe zotsutsana zazikulu, simuyenera kuzidya mopitirira muyeso, ndipo musapatse ana aang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, anthu ena amatha kusalolera, komwe kumawonetsedwa ndi kuyabwa, kufiyira, zotupa pakhungu, kukokana kwa minofu, ndi kudzimbidwa. Lamulo lagolide ndiloti chilichonse chimafunikira muyeso.

CHOFUNIKA! Siyanitsani pakati pa chakudya chodyera ndi chosadya. Mutha kudya zipatso zakuda kapena zakuda za buluu, zofiira ndi lalanje ndizowopsa!

Honeysuckle kupanikizana mu wophika pang'onopang'ono

Yesani kupanikizana kwa ma honeysuckle ndi madzi ofiira a redcurrant ndi masamba a tiyi atapanikizika kapena multicooker.

Zosakaniza:

• Honeysuckle - 1 makilogalamu;
• Shuga - 1 kg;
• Petals - 200 g;
• Madzi a currant - 200 ml.

Kukonzekera:

1. Ikani mawonekedwe a "Frying" ndikuphika madziwo kuchokera mumadzi ndi shuga.
2. Honeysuckle ili ndi kukoma kokongola; masamba amtundu wa pinki amathandizira kuwonjezera mithunzi yosangalatsa. Thirani honeysuckle mu manyuchi, kukulunga pamakhala mu cheesecloth, kuyika wophika pang'onopang'ono, kutseka chivindikirocho.
3. Zimitsani Kutentha pakatha mphindi 5, siyani chivindikirocho chatsekedwa, lolani kupanikizana kukhale ola limodzi.
4. Thirani mitsuko yaying'ono, tsekani zivindikiro mwamphamvu. Onetsetsani kulimba kwake: mosamala, kuti musadziwotche, tembenuzani botolo, ngati kulibe thovu, zonse zili bwino. Phimbani kupanikizana, lolani kuziziritsa.

Zimakhala kupanikizana kokongola modabwitsa: mdima wakuda wakuda wa jelly, momwe, monga zothetheka zowala, zipatso zofiira za honeysuckle. Kununkhira kwa duwa, atatsegula chivindikirocho, sikunasiye aliyense wopanda chidwi. Ndizabwino bwanji madzulo achisanu, ndikumwa kapu ya tiyi onunkhira ndi kupanikizana kwamatsenga uku, kukumbukira chilimwe.

Tikuyembekezera kubwera kwa kasupe, mawonekedwe oyamba amadyera, zipatso ndi zipatso m'munda, koma adakali kutali. Apa ndipomwe honeysuckle ikuthandizirani, yomwe imayamba kuphulika chipale chofewa chikasungunuka, ndipo mu Juni azikupatsani zipatso zonunkhira komanso zathanzi kuti muzisamalira.

Onerani kanemayo: Honeysuckle Rose (September 2024).