Mbiri ya Chaka Chatsopano ku Russia komanso ku Russia
Chaka Chatsopano ndi tchuthi chowala kwambiri, chokondedwa komanso chomwe chikuyembekezeredwa kwambiri. Anthu padziko lonse lapansi amakondwerera mosangalala, koma ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe amadziwa nkhani ya Chaka Chatsopano ku Russia ndi ku Russia.
Chifukwa cha miyambo, miyambo ndi zipembedzo, anthu osiyanasiyana amakumana ndi Chaka Chatsopano m'njira yawoyawo. Njira yokonzekera tchuthi, monga zokumbukira zomwe zimakhudzana nayo, zimabweretsa chisangalalo, chisamaliro, chisangalalo, chikondi ndi chisangalalo.
Madzulo a tchuthi cha Chaka Chatsopano, ntchito ikugwiridwa mnyumba zonse. Wina akukongoletsa mtengo wa Khrisimasi, wina akukonza nyumba kapena nyumba, wina akuchita zikondwerero, ndipo wina mwamtendere amasankha komwe angakondwerere Chaka Chatsopano.
Mbiri ya Chaka Chatsopano ku Russia
Chaka Chatsopano ndi tchuthi chomwe chimakonda kwambiri nzika zathu. Amakonzekera, amadikirira mosaleza mtima, amawalonjera mosangalala ndikuwasiya kuti azikumbukira kwa nthawi yayitali ngati zithunzi zosangalatsa, zowoneka bwino komanso malingaliro abwino.
Ndi ochepa okha omwe amasangalala ndi mbiriyakale. Ndipo pachabe, ndikukuuzani, owerenga okondedwa. Ndizosangalatsa komanso motalika.
Mbiri mpaka 1700
Mu 998, kalonga waku Kiev Vladimir adayambitsa Chikhristu ku Russia. Pambuyo pake, kusintha kwa zaka kunachitika pa Marichi 1. Nthawi zina, mwambowu udachitika patsiku la Pasaka Woyera. Kulongosola kumeneku kunachitika mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 15.
Kumayambiriro kwa 1492, malinga ndi lamulo la Tsar Ivan III, Seputembara 1 idayamba kuonedwa ngati chiyambi cha chaka. Pofuna kuti anthu azilemekeza "kusintha kwa zaka za Seputembala", tsar idalola alimi ndi olemekezeka kuti apite ku Kremlin tsiku lomwelo kukasaka kukondweretsedwa ndi mfumu. Komabe, anthuwo sakanatha kusiya kuwerengera nthawi kwa tchalitchi. Kwa zaka mazana awiri, dzikolo linali ndi makalendara awiri komanso kusokonekera kosasintha kwamasiku.
Mbiri itadutsa 1700
Peter Wamkulu adaganiza zokonza izi. Kumapeto kwa Disembala 1699, adalengeza lamulo lachifumu, malinga ndi momwe kusintha kwa zaka kudayamba kukondwerera pa Januware 1. Chifukwa cha Peter Wamkulu, chisokonezo chinawonekera ku Russia pakusintha kwa nthawi. Adataya chaka chimodzi ndikulamula kuti aganizire zoyambira za zana latsopano chimodzimodzi 1700. M'mayiko ena, kuwerengera kwa zaka zatsopano kunayamba mu 1701. Tsar yaku Russia idalakwitsa kwa miyezi 12, kotero ku Russia kusintha kwa nthawi kunakondwerera chaka chatha.
A Peter Wamkulu adayesetsa kuyambitsa moyo waku Europe ku Russia. Chifukwa chake, adalamula kuti azikondwerera Chaka Chatsopano malinga ndi mtundu waku Europe. Mwambo wokongoletsa mtengo wa Khrisimasi patchuthi cha Chaka Chatsopano udalandiridwa kuchokera ku Germany, omwe mtengo wobiriwira nthawi zonse umatanthauza kukhulupirika, kukhala ndi moyo wautali, moyo wosafa komanso unyamata.
Peter adalamula malinga ndi momwe nthambi zokongoletsera za paini ndi mlombwa ziyenera kuwonetsedwa kutsogolo kwa bwalo lililonse pamaholide a Chaka Chatsopano. Anthu olemera adayenera kukongoletsa mitengo yonse.
Poyamba, masamba, zipatso, mtedza ndi maswiti adagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mtengo wa coniferous. Nyali, zoseweretsa ndi zinthu zokongoletsera zinawonekera pamtengowo patapita nthawi. Mtengo wa Khrisimasi udayamba kunyezimira ndi magetsi mu 1852. Inakhazikitsidwa ku Catherine Station ku St. Petersburg.
Mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku ake, a Peter Wamkulu adaonetsetsa kuti Chaka Chatsopano ku Russia chikondweretsedwe mwapadera monga m'maiko aku Europe. Madzulo a tchuthi, tsar adayamika anthu, adapereka mphatso kwa olemekezeka m'manja mwake, adapereka zikumbutso zamtengo wapatali kwa okondedwa, adatenga nawo gawo pachisangalalo ndi zikondwerero kukhothi.
Emperor adakonza zokongoletsa m'nyumba yachifumu ndikulamula kuti ma firework ndi ma cannon akhazikitsidwe pa Chaka Chatsopano. Chifukwa cha khama la Peter I ku Russia, kukondwerera Chaka Chatsopano kudakhala kopanda tanthauzo osati kwachipembedzo.
Anthu aku Russia adakumana ndi zosintha zambiri mpaka tsiku la Chaka Chatsopano litaima pa Januware 1.
Nkhani yakuwonekera kwa Santa Claus
Mtengo wa Khrisimasi ndiye chinthu chokhacho chofunikira mu Chaka Chatsopano. Palinso munthu yemwe amabweretsa mphatso za Chaka Chatsopano. Mukuganiza, uyu ndi Santa Claus.
Zaka za agogo okoma mtima oterewa ndizoposa zaka 1000, ndipo nkhani yakuwonekera kwa Santa Claus ndichinsinsi kwa ambiri.
Sizikudziwika komwe Santa Claus adachokera. Dziko lililonse lili ndi malingaliro akeake. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti Santa Claus ndi mbadwa zazing'onozing'ono, ena amakhulupirira kuti makolo ake akuyendayenda kuchokera ku Middle Ages, ndipo ena amamuona ngati Nicholas Woyera Wonderworker.
Nkhani yavidiyo
Chitsanzo cha Santa Claus - Woyera Nicholas
Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi, anthu akum'mawa adapanga chipembedzo cha Nikolai Mirsky, woyera woyera wakuba, akwati, oyendetsa sitima ndi ana. Amadziwika kuti ndi wokonda kudzimana komanso ntchito zabwino. Atamwalira, Nikolai Mirsky anapatsidwa udindo wa woyera mtima.
Zotsalira za Nikolai Mirsky zidasungidwa kumpingo wakum'mawa kwa zaka zambiri, koma m'zaka za zana la 11 zidabedwa ndi achifwamba aku Italiya. Ananyamula zotsalira za woyera mtima kupita ku Italy. Akhristu a tchalitchichi atsala kuti apempherere kuti phulusa la St. Nicholas lisungidwe.
Patapita kanthawi, kulambira kwa ochita zozizwitsa kunayamba kufalikira kumayiko a Western and Central Europe. M'mayiko aku Europe, amatchedwa mosiyana. Ku Germany - Nikalaus, ku Holland - Klaas, ku England - Klaus. Mwa mawonekedwe amunthu wokalamba wa ndevu zoyera, adayendayenda m'misewu pabulu kapena pahatchi ndikupereka mphatso za Chaka Chatsopano kwa ana kuchokera m'thumba.
Pambuyo pake, Santa Claus adayamba kuwonekera pa Khrisimasi. Osati onse ampingo adakonda, chifukwa holideyi idaperekedwa kwa Khristu. Chifukwa chake, Khristu adayamba kupereka mphatso ngati atsikana achichepere atavala zovala zoyera. Pofika nthawi imeneyo, anthu anali atazolowera chithunzi cha Nicholas Wonderworker ndipo samatha kulingalira tchuthi cha Chaka Chatsopano popanda iye. Zotsatira zake, agogo adalandira mnzake wachinyamata.
Zovala za bambo wokalambayo zasinthiratu. Poyamba, anali kuvala chovala chamvula, koma m'zaka za zana la 19 ku Holland anali atavala ngati chimbudzi. Anatsuka chimbudzi ndikuponya mphatso. Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, Santa Claus adapatsidwa chovala chofiira ndi kolala yaubweya. Chovalacho chidamkonzera nthawi yayitali.
Santa Claus ku Russia
Otsatira zizindikiro zachikondwerero amakhulupirira kuti Santa Claus ayenera kukhala ndi kwawo. Kumapeto kwa 1998, mzinda wa Veliky Ustyug, womwe uli kumpoto kwa chigawo cha Vologda, udalengezedwa kuti amakhala.
Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti Santa Claus ndi mbadwa ya mzimu wa chisanu chozizira. Popita nthawi, chithunzi cha khalidweli chasintha. Poyamba, anali bambo wokalamba wa ndevu zoyera wokhala ndi nsapato zomverera zokhala ndi ndodo yayitali ndi thumba. Anapereka mphatso kwa ana omvera, ndikukweza osasamala ndi ndodo.
Pambuyo pake, Santa Claus adakhala munthu wokalamba mokoma mtima. Sanachite nawo maphunziro, koma amangowauza ana nkhani zowopsa. Pambuyo pake adasiya nkhani zowopsa. Zotsatira zake, fanolo linangokhala lokoma mtima.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VFFCOWDriBw
Agogo a Frost ndi chitsimikizo cha kusangalala, kuvina ndi mphatso, zomwe zimatembenuza tsiku wamba kukhala tchuthi chenicheni.
Nkhani yakuwonekera kwa Snow Maiden
Snegurochka amandia ndani? Uyu ndi msungwana wachichepere wokhala ndi ulusi wautali wovala mkanjo wokongola waubweya ndi nsapato zotentha. Ndi mnzake wa Santa Claus ndipo amamuthandiza kugawa mphatso za Chaka Chatsopano.
Zikhalidwe
Nkhani yakuwonekera kwa Snow Maiden siyitali ngati ya Grandfather Frost. Maonekedwe a Snegurka ndichifukwa cha miyambo yakale yakale yaku Russia. Aliyense amadziwa nthano iyi.
Chokondweretsa chake, bambo wachikulire ndi mayi wachikulire anachititsa khungu Snow Maiden kuchokera ku chisanu choyera. Mtsikana wachisanu adakhala ndi moyo, adalandira mphatso yakulankhula ndikuyamba kukhala ndi okalamba kunyumba.
Mtsikanayo anali wokoma mtima, wokoma komanso wokongola. Anali ndi tsitsi lalitali lalitali komanso maso abuluu. Pakufika masika ndi masiku otentha, Snow Maiden adayamba kumva chisoni. Anamuuza kuti ayende ndikudumpha pamoto waukulu. Atadumpha, adachoka, pomwe lawi lamoto limamusungunula.
Ponena za mawonekedwe a Snow Maiden, titha kunena kuti olemba ake ndi ojambula atatu - Roerich, Vrubel ndi Vasentsov. M'zojambula zawo, adawonetsa Snow Maiden mu sundress yoyera ngati chipale chofewa komanso bandeji pamutu pake.
Tinayamba kukondwerera Chaka Chatsopano kalekale. Chaka chilichonse china chake chimasintha ndikuwonjezera, koma miyambo yayikulu idadutsa zaka zambiri. Anthu, mosasamala kanthu za maudindo awo komanso kuthekera kwachuma, amakhala ndi tchuthi chosangalatsa cha Chaka Chatsopano. Amakongoletsa nyumba, kuphika, kugula mphatso.