Momwe mungapulumutsire begonia - matenda, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira zamankhwala
Begonia ndikumanga nyumba modzichepetsa. Amayamikiridwa ndi mtundu wowala wa masamba ndi maluwa obiriwira.
Olima maluwa a Newbie sazindikira kuti amamasula kwambiri kokha m'manja aluso komanso osamalira.
Kutalika kwa maluwa awo kumawonjezeka mpaka miyezi ingapo pachaka, ndipo masamba atsopano amakula pafupipafupi.
Ngati chisamaliro sichili cholondola, amayamba kudwala. Mukachitapo kanthu munthawi yake ndikuzindikira matendawa ndi boma la masamba ndi maluwa, amatha.
Kufotokozera za mbewu
Begonia ndi shrub imodzi kapena yosatha kapena semi-shrub. Zitsamba zimakula mpaka 2 mita ndipo zimamasula ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Zitsanzo zazing'ono zimabzalidwa m'nyumba, pazenera pazenera kuti muchotsemo mankhwala oyipa mchipindamo, muchotsere mpweya, kutulutsa ma radiation a magetsi ndikuwonjezera chitetezo mnyumba zonse.
Pali begonias ambiri. Zowonjezeranso chifukwa cha ntchito yabwino ya obereketsa - pafupifupi zikwi 2. Ngakhale kuli kuchuluka kwa mitundu ndi mitundu yambiri, aliyense ali ndi zinthu zothandiza ndipo ndizofanana.
Pamakalata. Otsatira a Feng Shui amalangiza kugula kwawo kumabanja omwe nthawi zambiri amakangana ndi mikangano, pomwe pali mphamvu zambiri zoyipa komanso biofield yoyipa.
Werengani ngati kuli kotheka kusunga begonia kunyumba, ndipo tidakambirana za zothandiza komanso zovulaza za chomerachi kunyumba ndi anthu pano.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda
Sikulakwa kuganiza kuti duwa silikuopa tizirombo ndi matenda, chifukwa mphika womwe uli nawo uli pazenera. Tsoka ilo, nthawi zambiri amabwera kuchokera mumsewu ndi zovala kapena nsapato. Chifukwa chiyani zomera zimadwala?
Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha matenda ndikumapezeka kwaulere kwa tizirombo ndi matenda chifukwa chokhala pa khonde ndi zenera lotseguka. Pofuna kusamalira chomera, njira zodzitetezera zimatengedwa. Komanso begonias akudwala chifukwa chosaganizira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zomwe zikukula, kubzala, kubereka, kusowa udzu komanso kukana kuthira nthaka.
Ngati olima maluwawo amasamalira duwa molondola, silidwala.
Zizindikiro ndi matenda
Tiyeni tiwone momwe matenda akulu azomera amawonekera.
| Chizindikiro | Matendawa |
| Mawanga a bulauni pamasamba ndi zokutira imvi pa iwo | Kulephera kutsatira dongosolo la mpweya wabwino, kuthira madzi m'nthaka. Mphikawo uyenera kuti unayikidwa pamalo amdima kwambiri. |
| Masamba achikasu | Kusowa kwa dzuwa. Kutsirira kambiri kapena kosowa |
| Masamba akugwa | Kusowa kwa dzuwa |
| Kupiringiza masamba ndi kuyanika | Kutentha |
| Kuwonongeka ndi kufota kwa masamba | Chinyezi chowonjezera. Palibe mabowo ngalande mumphika |
| Malangizo a Brown | Chinyezi chotsika |
| Masamba amasanduka oyera ndipo pang'onopang'ono amawola | Kutsirira kochuluka |
| Kugwa masamba ndi masamba | Choyesera, kuthirira madzi ochulukirapo komanso kutentha kwambiri |
Chifukwa chiyani matenda amabwera, amathandizidwa bwanji ndikupewa?
Zofunika! Begonia akudwala chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera.
Chitsanzo chowoneka bwino: ngati agwetsa masamba ndi masamba, samathirira kawirikawiri, ndipo samachitapo kanthu kunyozetsa mpweya. Matenda aliwonse amathandizidwa, ndikofunikira kusintha momwe amasungidwe.
Bwanji ngati mumaikonda yatambasulidwa?
Ngati wamaluwa atazindikira kuti chiweto chake chatambasulidwa mwamphamvu munthawi yochepa kwambiri, ayenera kuthana ndi kuyatsa. Nthawi zambiri, vutoli limachitika chifukwa chosowa kuwala kwa dzuwa, nthawi zambiri chifukwa chakuyika chidebe cholimba komanso kusowa kwa zinthu zina.
Bwanji ngati ili ndi masamba omata ndi tsinde lowola?
Funso lomwe limadetsa nkhawa olima maluwa ambiri ndichifukwa chiyani begonia imavunda? Poyamba, masamba omata amawoneka, ndipo patapita kanthawi mawanga amadzi okhala ndi pachimake chakuda amadziwika pa iwo. Mukapanda kuchitapo kanthu pano, masamba ndi tsinde zidzaola. Chifukwa chake ndi kuwola imvi chifukwa chinyezi, kutentha komanso kuthirira kwambiri.
Kuti muchiritse chomeracho, m'pofunika kuchotsa ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa, kuchepetsa kutentha m'chipindacho ndikusiya kupopera mankhwala kuchokera mu botolo la utsi kwakanthawi.
Begonia idzachira mwachangu ngati itachiritsidwa ndi yankho lapadera la euparen, foundationol kapena topsin.
Matenda a tuberous begonias. Kuvunda imvi:
Chithandizo cha ufa
Nthawi zambiri, olima maluwa amakumana ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa magawo onse a begonia ndi powdery mildew. Choyamba, amawona malo ochepa, ozungulira okhala ndi zokutira zoyera. Zikatsogola, chikwangwani chimakwirira pamwamba ponse. Imasintha mtundu wake kukhala wofiirira kenako imagwa.
Chotsani vutoli pogwiritsa ntchito yankho la foundationol kapena morestan. Powdery mildew sichipezeka ngati chomeracho chikuchiritsidwa ndi nthaka kapena colloidal sulfure. Pazifukwa zodzitetezera, mankhwala owerengeka amathandizira, pokonzekera momwe madzi okwanira lita imodzi amatsanulira ndi 2 g wa potaziyamu permanganate ndi 20 g wa sopo wa phula amasungunukamo.
Momwe mungabwezeretsere ngati sichikukula?
Zindikirani! Chifukwa chodziwika chakuchepa kwa kukula kowoneka ndikuthirira kambiri.
Pofuna kulimbikitsa mbewuyo kukula, sinthani nthaka ndikuithirira kawirikawiri kuposa kale. M'nthaka yatsopano, imakula bwino ndipo imamasula kwambiri. Nthawi zina kukula sikumaima, koma kumachedwetsa m'nyengo yozizira ndikuyambiranso ndi kuyamba kwa masika.
Momwe mungathandizire ngati masamba afiira kapena oyera?
Masamba akakhala ofiira mchaka, musadandaule. Izi ndichifukwa chakuchuluka kwa kuwala pamalo pomwe mphika wazomera udayikidwapo.
Chovala choyera chimayambitsidwa ndi powdery mildew. Chomera chokhudzidwacho chimadzipatula kwa ena, masamba amadulidwa ndikuchiritsidwa ndi fungicide yopanda tanthauzo. Pofuna kuti musayang'ane ndi vutoli, ndibwino kuti muchepetse chinyezi cha mlengalenga, muwonjezere kutentha ndikuwongolera mpweya mchipindacho, kupewa ma drafti.
Pothana ndi vuto: mawanga achikaso kapena abula adawoneka
Mawanga pamasamba a begonia amawoneka chifukwa cha mabakiteriya ndi malo owonekera. Pali mavuto awiri ndipo njira zamankhwala ndizosiyana.
Ngati begonia ili ndi timitsuko tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'ono ta pansi pamasamba, amalima akufuna njira yolimbana ndi mabakiteriya. Mawangawa amakhala ofiira pakapita nthawi, ndipo maluwa ndi petioles pamasamba amasanduka akuda. Pofuna kupewa matenda, chomeracho chimapopera nthawi ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa 0,5% ya oxychloride yamkuwa. Pambuyo masiku 12-14, kukonzanso chithandizo kumachitika.
Palibe njira yothandizira ma begonias omwe ali ndi mabakiteriya. Iwonongedwa, ndipo nthaka imathiridwa mankhwala kapena kutayidwa.
Nthawi zina begonias amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owonekera. Amayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka phwetekere. Pachifukwa ichi, mawanga pamasamba ndi obiriwira achikasu kapena amkuwa. Matendawa amayamba ndi tizirombo, kapena nsabwe za m'masamba kapena thrips. Ngati palibe tizirombo pamasamba, ndiye kuti amatha kukula chifukwa chakukula msanga kwa namsongole. Chomeracho sichingachiritsidwe, ngakhale masamba atasamalidwa bwino ndi fungicides. Idzakhalabe pa ma tubers ndipo kumapeto kwake idzafa yokha.
Nthawi zambiri, mabala a bulauni amawoneka pa nsonga za masamba. Amasonyeza kuti amauma chifukwa cha chinyezi chochepa. Kuthetsa vuto. Iyenera kuikidwa pafupi ndi mphika wamphesa wokhala ndi zotengera zamadzi. Begonia imathandizira kupopera mbewu moyenera kuchokera ku botolo la utsi pafupi. Werengani zomwe muyenera kuchita masamba akakhala achikasu ndi owuma pano, ndipo ngati auma m'mbali mwake komanso nthawi yomweyo maluwawo amavutikanso, mutha kudziwa vutoli powerenga nkhaniyi.
Tizirombo ndi nkhondo yolimbana nawo
Kodi ndi tizirombo titi timene timapulumutsidwa ku begonia? Kangaude ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndizoopsa ku chomeracho. Kuti awagonjetse, amawachiritsa ndi yankho lopangidwa ndi anyezi. Tengani lita imodzi yamadzi ndikutsanulira magalamu 15 a anyezi odulidwa bwino. Pakadutsa masiku asanu ndi awiri, yankho limalowetsedwa, ndipo pambuyo povutikira, chomeracho chathandizidwa nacho. Mankhwalawa amaimitsidwa tizirombo titangotayika.
Nkhono
Pamakalata. Nkhono zam'munda siziopa begonias zoweta, koma zimatha kubweretsa mavuto osasinthika kwa okhalamo.
Amawonekera pomwe dothi limakhala lamchere komanso pali calcium, yomwe amafunika kuti apange chipolopolo. Nthawi zambiri, olima maluwa samazindikira kachilomboka, chifukwa imakhala yogwira nyengo yamvula komanso usiku. Pambuyo pake, amasiya chinsinsi pamasamba.
Olima maluwa odziwa zambiri samalimbana ndi nkhono, chifukwa amakhala mwadongosolo m'munda. Amakonzanso zotsalira za zomera zomwe zawonongeka kapena zakufa. Ngati simukukonda kuti asankha begonias, gwiritsani ntchito njira yolimbana nawo. Ngati ifota, idyetseni ndi feteleza ndikuteteza mbali zina za chomeracho ku nkhono. Nthawi zovuta kwambiri, mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuthana nawo kwamuyaya.
Aphid
Mdani pafupipafupi komanso wowopsa wa begonias ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Alimi ambiri amamunyalanyaza, chifukwa amaganiza kuti samangoyenda kwambiri, chifukwa chake palibe vuto lililonse kuchokera kwa iye. Izi ndi zoona, koma mwa zina. Imachulukitsa mwachangu ndikudyetsa ubweya wa begonia ndikuphimba zimayambira ndi masamba ake ndi zotsekemera zotsekemera. Mukaphonya nthawiyo, gulu la nyerere zidzawoneka posachedwa. Ngakhale izi sizingachitike, masamba onse azidzakometsedwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndikutidwa ndi mawanga achikasu. Adzafota ndi kugwa.
Nsabwe za m'masamba zimapezeka kumbuyo kwa masamba, pa mphukira zazing'ono, pamwamba ndi masamba a chomera chokongola. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi mamilimita angapo timayamba mchaka chifukwa chinyezi komanso kutentha pang'ono. Ndizovuta kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, ndi bwino kupewa mawonekedwe ake. Chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira malingaliro onse osamalira, i.e. Thirani madzi munthawi yake, musayike mphikawo kunja kwa dzuwa ndikuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwamlengalenga sikukwera pamwamba pa 20 +С.
Pofuna kupewa, perekani begonia ndi yankho la nettle kapena ikani bokosi la parsley pafupi. Nsabwe za m'masamba zikawonongeka, mankhwala othandiza kwambiri ndikuchiza magawo am'madzi ndi madzi a sopo.
Kangaude
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili ndi kutalika kwa 0.1-0.3 mm. Zimakhala zovuta kuzindikira pamasamba kachilombo koyamwa kamene kamakhala ndi thupi lachikasu kapena lobiriwira. Zimasangalatsa kumunsi kwamasamba pomwe mpweya mchipindacho uli wouma komanso wofunda. Popita nthawi, asanduka marble, ndipo kudzera pagalasi lokulitsa apanga ulusi wopepuka. Posachedwa adzasanduka chikaso ndikugwa.
Kuti athane ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, begonia yokhudzidwayo amathandizidwa ndi Decis.
Chithunzi
Onani pansipa zithunzi za matenda akulu omwe akukhudza begonia.
Duwa limamwalira, momwe mungayambirenso?
Mukawona kuti begonia ikusowa, yesani kuisunga. ndi malangizo otsatirawa a momwe mungachitire izi angakuthandizeni. Muyenera kudula mdulidwe wabwino musanayike mumphika wina, muzimutsuka ndi yankho la sopo wobiriwira. Amachitanso chimodzimodzi ndi nsonga, koma mizu imanyowa mu phytosporin.
Kutchulidwa. Mukathira m'nthaka yatsopano kuti mizu iyambe kuonekera, kuthirira koyamba kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito chopatsa chidwi chakukula kwawo.
Kodi mungapulumutse bwanji pakuwonongeka?
Mizu imavunda chifukwa cha chinyezi chowonjezera. Kubwezeretsanso begonia pankhaniyi ndi motere: wolima akuyenera kukumba chomeracho ndikuchiyika mumphika watsopano, popeza anali atakonzekeretsa mizuyo ndi fungicidal kukonzekera. Nthawi zina izi sizibweretsa zomwe mukufuna, ndipo chomeracho chimamwalira. Izi ndichifukwa chakufulumira kwa zowola m'malo ake. Atataya nthawi, sangapulumutse chiweto, koma amakula chatsopano kuchokera patsamba kapena gawo lake.
Kukongola kwanu kutha kukhala ndi mavuto ena omwe tikuthandizeni kuthana nawo. Pemphani kuti mudziwe zambiri pazomwe mungachite ngati begonia ikufota kapena singazike mizu ndipo siyiphuka.
Mapeto
Begonia ndi chomera chomwe sichimadwala kawirikawiri ndikukhala "wozunzidwa" ndi tizirombo. Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo onse osamalira, kuwunika kutentha kwa chipinda, "oyandikana nawo", kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso chinyezi.