"Duwa lachimwemwe ndi chipambano" m'nyumba gerbera: kusamalira kunyumba, makamaka kukula

Ma Florist, omwe ali ndi zofunikira zonse kuti asunge maluwa, amabzala ma gerberas pamawindo. Ayenera kusamalidwa mofanana ndi mbewu zina.

Ndipo, ngati zonse zachitika molondola, maluwa amasangalala ndi kukongola kwawo ndikukongoletsa nyumbayo kwazaka zambiri. M'nkhaniyi, tikukuwuzani mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungasamalire maluwa osakhwimawa kunyumba. Zithandizanso kuwonera kanema pamutuwu.

Ndi chiyani icho?

Gerbera ndi chomera chosatha chomwe chimakhala cha banja la Astrov... Maluwa amatha kumera panja komanso m'malo obiriwira. Tsinde lawo limafika kutalika kwa 50 cm. Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu yotsika komanso yaying'ono yomwe sikukula masentimita 30. Gerberas afalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Pali mitundu yoposa 10 ya chomeracho. Nyama zakutchire, mutha kuwapeza ku Africa ndi Madagascar. Dziko lakwawo la gerbera ndi South Africa. Maluwa okongola awa amawoneka ngati chamomile wosavuta.

Zinthu zofunika

1. Gerbera ndi chomera chomwe chimafuna tsiku lalitali lowala. Ngati imamasula m'nyengo yozizira kapena nthawi yophukira, ndiye kuti kuwala kuyenera kubwera kwa maola 12. Kumapeto kwa Marichi, gerbera imatha kupezeka pazenera - padzakhala kuwala kokwanira kokwanira kwachilengedwe.
2. Yankho labwino kwambiri lingakhale kusankha mawindo omwe amayang'ana kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo, chifukwa masamba amatha kuyamba kufota chifukwa cha dzuwa lamasana.
3. Mu Juni, nyengo yozizira ikadutsa, chomeracho chitha kubzalidwa m'munda kapena kuwonetsedwa pakhonde.
4. M'nyengo yotentha, gerbera idzasangalala ndi maluwa osangalatsa. Kutentha kokwanira kukula ndi madigiri 18-20 panthawi yokula.
5. Mukamachita maluwa, ndikofunika kupewa kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha. Kutentha kwamlengalenga kukatsika mpaka madigiri 12, chomeracho chimalowerera.
6. M'nyengo yotentha, ndibwino kuyiyika pakhonde kapena loggia - gerbera saopa mphepo ndi ma drafts, koma imafunikira chitetezo ku dzuwa. Kuchita izi kudzakuthandizira kukonzekera kuphukira, komwe kudzapitilira kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Marichi. Kuunikira kowonjezera kuyenera kuperekedwa panthawiyi.
7. Kuyambira koyambirira kwa masika mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, ma gerberas amafunika chinyezi chambiri. Pofuna kuti apange, mphikowo umayikidwa pogona podzaza dongo ndi miyala, kenako amapopera mpweya mozungulira chomeracho. Sikoyenera kupopera mbewu masamba - ndikofunikira kupewa madzi omwe amalowa komanso kuwola pambuyo pake.

Kuika gerbera mumphika watsopano

CHENJEZO: Duwa likabzalidwa m'nthaka yatsopano, limafufuzidwa mosamala - mizu youma imachotsedwa, yabwino imadulidwa. Chifukwa chake, kuyika bwino mizu ndi chitukuko kumatsimikizika. Ngalande, gawo lapansi limayikidwa mu chidebe, kenako ndikuyika chitsamba. Dziko lonse lapansi lafalikira mofanana mozungulira.

Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kolala yazu ili pamtunda ndipo siyophimbidwa ndi nthaka. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, masamba achichepere adzawoneka posachedwa. Poyambitsa zokambirana zokhudzana ndi kumuika, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti pali zotsutsana zambiri pankhaniyi. Sinthani gawo ili ndikuchotsa mphikawo zaka ziwiri zilizonse.... Njirayi imachitika mchaka, gerbera isanayambe kukula. Bwino kuti muchite izi mu Marichi kapena Epulo.

Nthaka ya Gerbera ili ndi:

• Magawo awiri azanthaka.
• Gawo limodzi la peat.
• Gawo limodzi la mchenga.

Musawonjezere humus kapena kompositi panthaka... Gawo lapansi logulitsidwa nthawi zambiri siloyenera kunyumba. Kwa chomera chachikulire, muyenera kusankha chidebe chomwe ndi 1.5 malita kukula kwake. Simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphika wokulirapo. Poto ya ceramic yokhala ndi mabowo okwerera ngalande ndibwino kuti chomeracho chisatenthedwe ndi tsiku lotentha.

M'nyengo yotentha, mphikawo uyenera kupita nawo kukhonde, chifukwa mpweya wabwino komanso kutsika kwachilengedwe kumabweretsa zabwino zambiri kubzala.

Onerani kanema wonena za malamulo opatsirana gerbera:

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mutagula?

1. Choyamba, duwa limayang'anitsitsa tizirombo.... Ngati apezeka, masambawo amathandizidwa ndi Fitoverm kapena Aktara malinga ndi malangizo.
2. Kutentha kuyenera kukhala madigiri 20-24kuti gerbera isinthe msanga. Kugona kumachitika pakatentha ka madigiri 10-12, ndikuthirira koyipa.
3. Maluwa amkati amakonda kuthirira madzi ofunda, okhazikika... Kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira sikuloledwa, chifukwa izi zitha kupangitsa kuti gerbera ipweteke.
4. Kutentha kwambiri ndikofunikira... Kuti zitsimikizike, mphika umayikidwa mu thireyi, pansi pake pamatsanulira madzi. Pansi pa mphika musakhudze chinyezi, ndipo ngati mukufuna, mutha kuthanso nthaka.

Kubzala kunyumba ndiwodzichepetsa posamalira mwana kuti athe kuthana nako. Wina ayenera kutsatira malamulo ochepa osavuta kukula.

1. Gerbera amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa... Imakula bwino pamalo opumira mpweya wabwino.
2. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kochuluka - chifukwa cha ichi amagwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda pafupifupi madigiri 20. Gerbera salola kuthirira madzi ozizira ngakhale kutentha kwambiri. Izi zitha kubweretsa kufa kwa chomeracho. Njira yabwino ndiyo kuthirira poto - njira iyi mutha kupewa kuvunda. Ndi bwino kutsuka madzi ochulukirapo. Chomeracho chimamva bwino mukakonkhedwa, koma muyeneranso kupewa kupezeka madzi pamaluwa.
3. Kutentha panthawi yamaluwa kuyenera kukhala madigiri 20... M'nyengo yotentha, ndiyofunika kutengera maluwawo mlengalenga, ndipo amayenera kusungidwa nthawi yozizira kutentha kwa madigiri 14. Nthawi yogona imeneyi imagwira ntchito yofunikira pamene chomeracho chimakula masamba kugwa ndi dzinja ndikukonzekera kuphuka.

Onerani kanema wokhudza kusamalira gerbera mutagula:

Mavuto akukula

Alimi ambiri akudabwa kuti chifukwa chiyani gerbera yakunyumba singaphuke. Chowonadi ndi chakuti maluwa awa amakonda kuwala, ndipo akalandira kuchuluka kokwanira kokwanira, amasiya pomwepo. Ndikofunika kukonza zowunikira zina - ndiye kuti zidzakondweretsa diso nthawi yotentha komanso nthawi yozizira.

Masamba a gerbera akayamba kusanduka achikasu komanso kutha, izi zimasonyeza kuti kangaude waonekera pachomera. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati duwa silithiriridwa munthawi yake. Ndikofunika kupopera tsiku lililonse ndikuyang'ana masamba. Chizindikiro chikhoza kupezeka ndi maso.

CHOFUNIKA: Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mitundu yokhayo yazomera - wosakanizidwa gerbera, imafunikira chisamaliro chimodzimodzi.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi tizirombo ndi awa:

• Fusarium... Ndi matenda a fungus omwe amalowa m'matumba onse. Zitsanzo zomwe zili ndi matendawa zitha, kufota ndi kufa. Matendawa amafalikira ndi zinyalala ndipo amatha kufalikira kudzera m'nthaka.
• Kuvunda... Pang'ono ndi pang'ono zimakhudza ziwalo za mbewu. Chikwangwani chofiirira chimapangidwa ndimatenda omwe ali ndi matenda, ndipo njira yokhayo yolimbana ndi matendawa ndikutenga mankhwala a Rovral ndikuwachiza ndi gerbera kamodzi masiku khumi aliwonse.
• Powdery mildew... Plaque pamasamba ndi oyera - pang'onopang'ono imabweretsa makwinya. Bowa imatha kupatsira inflorescence, peduncles ndi masamba. Zomera zimatha kutsalira m'mbuyo mu chitukuko, ndipo kukonza kumatha kuchitidwa katatu, kukhala ndi masiku 10.
• Verticillary kufota... Chizindikiro chachikulu ndikufota kwamasamba - amatha kutuwa, kenako nkuuma. Bowa amakhalabe pansi kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Downy mildew... Pa masamba a gerberas, mawanga ofiira ofiira amawoneka. Pazizindikiro zoyambirira, mankhwala amachitidwa ndi Acrobat MC, Previkur, Strobi. Zonsezi zimatha kutenga masiku 7.
• Whitefly. Imakhazikika pamasamba ndi maluwa kuchokera pansi. Mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa zimakhala zachikaso kapena zofiirira. Kupopera mbewu kumachitika ndi kukonzekera kotere - Aplaud, Mospilan.
• Thrips... Izi ndizomwe zimanyamula ma virus. Zizindikiro za matenda akhoza kukhala pinki ndi wachikasu mawanga. Akuluakulu amakhala pamaluwa, ndipo kuti awachotse, amagwiritsa ntchito mayankho a Decis-Extra ndi Actellic. Chiwerengero cha mankhwalawa ndi maulendo 2-3, ndipo nthawi imachokera sabata mpaka masiku khumi.
• Kangaude... Imayamwa madzi kuchokera ku zomera. Zizindikiro zoyamba ndikupanga timadontho tating'ono pamasamba, m'munsi mwake nkhupakupa zimayamba kukhazikika. Gawo lotsatira likuwuma ndi tsamba kugwa. Zomera zimadzaza ndi ziphuphu. Fitoverm, Vertimek itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo. Kukonzanso kumatha kuchitika pambuyo pa masabata atatu.

Mapeto

Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi, mwaphunzira momwe mungasamalire ma gerberas komanso zomwe maluwawa ali nawo. Mukamatsatira malingaliro onse, kuchoka sikuwoneka kovuta, ndipo chomeracho chidzakusangalatsani ndi kukongola ndi kukongola. Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kupanga wowonjezera kutentha m'nyumba zawo, gerbera ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri. Maluwa osiyanasiyana ndikufalikira adzakongoletsa pazenera ndikupanga kunyadira kwenikweni.