Kodi mungasamalire bwanji begonia wamkati?

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Begonia ndi chomera chofatsa komanso chotalika ndipo chimasinthasintha. Izi ndichifukwa chapadera pamizu, yomwe imakula kwambiri kuposa kuzama kwa mphika.

Chifukwa chake, chimodzi mwazikhalidwe za kukongola ndi thanzi la begonia ndikusankha mphika wamaluwa woyenera. Zimapanga malo apadera ofunikira kuti mbewuyo ikule bwino.

Mutapanga chisankho chokula begonia, m'pofunika kuti muphunzire zomwe chidebecho chimafunikira kuti maluwawo akhale nacho, kapena kuti, mumphika uti wobzala.

Kufotokozera za mbewu

Begonia ndi chomera chapachaka kapena chosatha cha banja la Begoniev. Kutengera mtundu, zomerazo zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana: kuyambira maudzu akukwawa pansi mpaka tchire lalitali kapena zitsamba. Tsamba la begonia ndilopanda mphamvu, limatha kukhala lathunthu kapena logawa ndi m'mbali mwa wavy kapena serrated.

Ma inflorescence amakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, apakatikati kapena akulu. Mitundu yawo ndi yofiira, pinki, yachikaso, yalanje, yoyera, kapena yokongola pamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, mkati begonia imatha pachimake mpaka Disembala. Chipatsocho ndi bokosi lokhala ndi nthanga zazing'ono mkati.

Chithunzi cha maluwa

Apa mutha kuwona chithunzi cha maluwa a begonia mumphika.

Makhalidwe a mizu

Pali mitundu itatu ya mizu ya begonias:

Zowopsa. Amadziwika ndi kukula ngati mawonekedwe ozungulira, kenako kenako mosabisa. Amapanga pansi pa tsinde. Mizu yama nthambi imakhala m'munsi mwa tuber. Mtundu uwu uli ndi masamba okongoletsera a mitundu ya begonias.
Chizindikiro. Zomera zimakhazikika, zokhala ndi ma rhizomes okhala ndi mizu ing'onoing'ono. Ma rhizomes ndi omasulira ndipo amakhala ndi magawo. Zowonjezeka kwambiri mu mitundu ya maluwa.
Kulimbikitsidwa mizu popanda zosinthidwa.

Mizu yamitundu yonse ya begonias nthawi zambiri imapezeka kumtunda kwa nthaka, imakula mozama kuposa kuzama. Ndiwowonda komanso kuvulala mosavuta ngati akuwasamalira mosasamala.

Nthaka

Zofunikira

Mulingo woyenera wa acidity pH: kuyambira 6.1 mpaka 7.5.
Begonia amakonda nthaka yodzaza ndi michere.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi ngalande zabwino.
Sikoyenera kutenga dothi m'nyumba, mdzikolo kapena munkhalango. Nthaka yotere nthawi zambiri imadzaza ndi matenda ndi tizilombo, ndipo acidity yake sichidziwika.

Sakanizani maphikidwe

Tuber kumera kusakaniza:

moss - gawo limodzi;
malo osindikizira - gawo limodzi;
perlite - gawo limodzi.

Kwa tuberous begonia:

mchenga - magawo awiri;
nthaka ya sod - gawo limodzi;
nthaka yamasamba - magawo awiri.

Kwa achifumu:

nthaka yamasamba - magawo awiri;
peat - magawo awiri;
humus - magawo awiri;
nthaka ya sod - gawo limodzi.

Kufalikira kwamuyaya:

mchenga - gawo limodzi;
humus - gawo limodzi;
nthaka yamasamba - magawo awiri;
peat - gawo limodzi.

Zofunika! Nthaka yophika iyenera kuthirizidwa musanagwiritse ntchito.

Kuthirira

Kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikukula bwino, Ndikofunika kuthirira mbewu, kutsatira malamulo ena:

Kutengera kutentha kwa mpweya mchipinda, kuthirira begonia kumafunika kamodzi pakatha masiku 2-3.
Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitidwa mofanana, makamaka nthawi yomweyo.
Kutsirira kumachitika m'mawa kapena madzulo.
M'chilimwe, madzi amakhala ambiri kotero kuti madzi ochulukirapo amatuluka m'mabowo. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka nyengo yotentha. Ngati dothi la mphika louma, lowetsani mphika m'madzi kwa maola angapo.
Kuyambira pakati pa nthawi yophukira, kuthirira kwamphamvu kumachepa. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho sichitha. Kutsirira kumafunika pang'ono. Begonia iyenera kuthiriridwa nthaka ikamauma mumphika - kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri. Tinalemba zambiri zakusamalira begonia m'nyengo yozizira munkhaniyi.
Nthaka itayamwa madzi onse, muyenera kuyimasula mosamala mpaka masentimita 1-2.
Kuthirira begonias kumatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira yothira mphika. M'chidebe chosaya kwambiri, m'mimba mwake mulitali kuposa mphikawo, muyenera kuthira madzi ndikuyika mphika wamaluwa. Siyani mpaka madzi atalowa m'nthaka kudzera m'mabowo.
Pothirira begonias, ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito madzi apampopi otentha, okhazikika. Madziwo ayenera kuloledwa kuyimilira mchidebe chotseguka kwa maola 24. Kuti muchepetse, mutha kusefa ndi fyuluta yanyumba yanthawi zonse, kapena mubweretse ku chithupsa ndikuziziritsa.
Pambuyo kuthirira, onetsetsani kuti mwatulutsa madzi owonjezera poto. Begonia samalekerera madzi osayenda mumphika.
Masamba a Begonia ndi ochepa thupi, chifukwa chake muyenera kupewa kupewa madzi ndi dothi mukamathirira. Osapopera masamba.

Mutha kudziwa momwe mungathirire begonias munkhani ina.

Ndi mphamvu yotani yomwe ikufunika pakubzala?

Kukula

Zindikirani! Popeza zodziwika bwino za kapangidwe ka mizu, ndikofunikira kusankha zotengera, zomwe m'mimba mwake zimapitilira kutalika kwake.

Kukula kwa mphika kumadalira cholinga chodzala. Zodula, zomwe zayamba kale kuzika, zimakhala m'mitsuko yotalika masentimita 5-6. Miphikayo iyenera kukhala ndi mabowo angapo.

Pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mizu ikakodwa kale ndi mpira wadothi, begonia imayenera kuikidwa mumphika masentimita 8 - 10 kukula. Ngati kubzala koyamba kunachitika mchaka, pakatha chaka, chidebe chokulirapo chimasankhidwa. Zimatsimikizika kutengera kukula kwa mizu yomwe imayambitsa.

Mtsuko wamaluwa uyenera kukhala wokulirapo gawo limodzi mwa atatu kuposa akale. Simungasankhe chidebe chachikulu kwambiri cha begonias koyamba. Mizu ya chomerayo imatha kuvunda. Pogawa begonias wokulirapo, m'mimba mwake ndi kutalika kwa mphika wa maluwa pagawo lililonse lomwe lalekanitsidwa ndi masentimita 2-3 ochepera oyamba aja. Pogawa malo ogulitsira achichepere, ana amayikidwa kanthawi muzotengera za mmera zolemera 60 ndi 60 millimeters.

Fomuyi

Kwa begonias, ndibwino kutenga mphika wozungulira nthawi zonse. Maonekedwe a chidebecho sayenera kusokoneza njira yobzala mbeu.

Zakuthupi

Miphika ya ceramic ndi yoyenera kuchitira bwino mizu ya begonia. Samasunga chinyezi ndipo amapereka mpweya wabwino.

Pulasitiki itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati musankha nthaka yoyenera, kuonetsetsa kuti madzi ali ndi madzi abwino komanso kupewa kutentha kapena kuzirala kwa chidebecho.

Pamakalata. Miphika yamagalasi yotchuka siyofunika kugula begonia. Miphika yamaluwa yotere siigwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni, ndipo kukongoletsa kulibe pakukula mbewu mu gawo wamba.

Werengani za momwe mungasamalire bwino chomera cha potted pano.

Maphunziro

Ngati mphikawo ukhalabe wofanana mukamabzala mbewu, muyenera kuthira mankhwalawo poyiyika potaziyamu permanganate kwa mphindi 30. Gawo lachitatu lakumunsi la mphika wa begonia liyenera kudzazidwa ndi ngalande - dongo lokulitsidwa ndi mchenga wolimba. Pofuna kupewa kuvunda, imakutidwa ndi makala osanjikiza masentimita 2-3 wandiweyani.

Momwe mungamere?

Kubzala mbewu kumatha kuchitika pawokha, pogwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zake monga zimayambira, ma tubers, masamba odulidwa, komanso masamba.

Kubzala ndi rhizome

Mphika uyenera kukhala waukulu masentimita anayi kuposa kukula kwa mizu. Kubzala begonias mumphika kumachitika pang'ono mchaka, ndikuyika. Pansi pa mphika muyenera kudzazidwa ndi ngalande ndi masentimita 2-3. Kenako, onjezerani makala osanjikiza kuti musawonongeke.

Sakanizani nthaka yolimbikitsidwa ndi mavitamini ndi mchenga wamtsinje ndi humus, mutha kuwonjezera peat. Young begonia sazindikira bwino kuchuluka kwa acidity ya nthaka. Iyenera kukhala pakati pa 5.5 pH. Mitengo yaing'ono imalekerera kubzala bwino, kotero mutatha kuthirira akhoza kuikidwa pamalo okhazikika.

Zofunika! Ndi ukalamba, begonia amakula masamba ambiri osalimba. Nthawi zambiri amaluwa amawadula kapena amawapatsanso mphamvu pogawa ma rhizomes.

Kudzala tubers

Kubzala kwa Tuber kumachitika kumapeto kwa Marichi. Musanadzalemo mumphika, kumera kuyenera kuchitika pobzala tuber mumiyeso yazomera. Munthawi imeneyi, duwa liyenera kusungidwa poyera kwambiri komanso kutentha kwa mpweya + 18 ° C. Kuthirira kumachitika bwino mu mphasa. Mitengoyi itatha, imabzalidwa mumphika.

Mukamabzala, pansi pa tuber iyenera kukhala pansichifukwa impso zili pamwamba. Mphika sayenera kudzazidwa ndi dothi mpaka pamulomo: pambuyo poti tuber yakula bwino, maziko ake ayenera kukonkhedwa ndi nthaka ndi masentimita atatu.

Mukamabzala pogawaniza tuber, iduleni mzidutswa kuti aliyense akhale ndi impso. Fukani ndi phulusa. Kenako bzalani gawo la tuber panthaka yothira. Phimbani miphika ndikujambula ndikuyika chipinda chowala. Mukazika mizu, pitani mbeu mumiphika kuti mukakhalemo kosatha
Ndikukula kwa ana, amafunika kudula pamwamba pa begonia mpaka mainchesi asanu ndi awiri kutalika. Sungani kuti muzika mizu mu chidebe chaching'ono ndi dothi, pomwe peat ndi mchenga wolimba ndizofanana. Phimbani mphikawo ndi zojambulazo. Mbande yatsopanoyo ikamamera, ikani mbewuyo mumphika wosatha.
Podzala ndi masamba odulidwa, tsamba la chomeracho liyenera kudulidwa m'mabwalo. Ikani iwo mozungulira mu gawo lapansi. Phimbani ndi zojambulazo. Chotsani pamene cuttings mizu. Bzalani mbewu zazing'ono aliyense mumphika wake wokhazikika.
Podzala ndi tsinde, timitengo timene timakhala ndi mfundo zosachepera ziwiri zimafunikira. Ndikofunika kudula. Pangani chitsime mu gawo lapansi. Ikani chogwirira mdzenje. Kuyika mizu kumachitika masiku 15 mpaka 30.

Chifukwa chiyani ndikofunikira kusankha koyenera ndipo zotsatira zake ndi ziti?

Pamakalata. Ngati musankha chidebe chachikulu kwambiri, duwa lidzavutika ndi madzi. M'miphika yokhala ndi m'mphepete mopindika, ndizosavuta kuti tizirombo tibise.

Mukamakula begonias mumphika wamaluwa wapulasitiki, pamakhala chiopsezo chotenthetsa m'nthaka ndi kutentha kwa mizu. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchepa kwa madzi mumizu kumatha kupanga mumphika wotere.

Ceramic pot imasinthana ndi mpweya komanso kutenthetsa kwabwino kwambiri, kuteteza kutentha kwa mizu ya begonia. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera cha mbewu, palibe chiopsezo chokwanira kwambiri mmenemo. Begonia ikufuna pazinthu zomwe zikukula.

Kwa chomera, m'pofunika kupanga nthaka yoyenera, sankhani mphika woyenera, onani zochitika zina zobzala ndi kusamalira. Ngati malamulo onse atsatiridwa, begonia idzakondweretsa mwiniwake wachikondi ndi maluwa okongola komanso masamba osakhwima.

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