Kukula kwa gloxinia Shagane: momwe mungabzalidwe, kusamalira, kuthana ndi matenda? Chithunzi cha maluwa

Maria Berestova adalemba kuti: "Mukayang'ana m'maso mwa duwa, mutha kuwona mtima wanu." Zolengedwa zabwinozi ndizofunikira kwa anthu. Amakhala odekha bwino ndipo amapereka malingaliro abwino.

Gloxinia Shagane ndi m'modzi mwa oimira okongola kwambiri maluwa. Maluwa ake owala komanso achilendo sasiya aliyense wopanda chidwi.

Ndiye mumakula bwanji kukongola kwanu? Momwe mungapangire kuti azikhala nanu kwa nthawi yayitali? Mayankho a mafunso amenewa mupeza munkhani ili pansipa.

Kufotokozera kwa botanical

Tchulani! Maluwa okongola awa adabwera kwa ife kuchokera kumadera otentha, Gloxinia ndi wosakanizidwa wabanja la Gesneriaceae.

Gloxinia Shagane - tuberous osatha, ma rhizomes awo ndi owuma, ndipo tsinde lake ndi lokwerako. Pali masamba awiri pamfundo iliyonse, yopingasa, osasamba tsamba limagawika magawo atatu. Tsinde ndi masamba ake ndi velvety kapena pafupifupi opanda kanthu.

Maluwawo ndi osakwatira, a buluu kapena ofiirira, ooneka ngati belu. Ili ndi ma stamens anayi, mphete za mphete kapena kulibiretu, mbewu zing'onozing'ono zambiri. Corloxia's corolla ndi yamachubu (pinki, yofiirira, yoyera, kapena yofiirira).

Chithunzi

Pano mutha kuwona zithunzi za duwa ili

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Mu 1785, a Benjamin Peter Gloxin, ali ndi zaka makumi awiri, adapeza ndikufotokozera molondola duwa lokongola modabwitsa ku Brazil, lomwe pambuyo pake lidatchulidwa pambuyo pake. Dzina lachiwiri la gloxinia ndi sinningia... Anaperekedwa ndi a Wilhelm Sinning, omwe amaphunzira za zomera zotentha. Iye adapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chilengedwechi.

Maonekedwe

Ndi zolengedwa zokongola modabwitsa. Mtundu wa gloxinia uli ndi maluwa akulu okhala ndi maluwa oyera, amtambo m'mbali mwake, okutidwa ndi nandolo wofiirira ndi violet. Masamba ndi opepuka, ndipo peduncle ndiyotsika.

Kumene ndi kubzala?

Pakufika mudzafunika:

1. Madzi.
2. Nthaka ya peat.
3. Mitundu ya Gloxinia.
4. Potaziyamu permanganate.

CHENJEZO! Tubers amagulidwa bwino kumapeto kwa February kapena koyambirira kwa Marichi. Simungathe kutenga mwakachetechete oyamba omwe amabwera. Ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti asavunde kapena makwinya.

Kukula kwa ma tubers, shagane imakula kwambiri. Ndibwino kukhala ndi masamba pa iwo ngati mukufuna kuti ziphukazo ziswe msanga. Musanayambe kubzala, muyenera kukonzekera nthaka. Mizu ya Gloxinia ndi yopyapyala komanso yofewa, motero ndikofunikira kuti dziko lapansi likhale lotayirira. Mphika womwewo, kuyenera, uyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe olondola, ndiye kuti, osati ozama komanso otakata.

Kuti muthe kusakaniza dziko lapansi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito:

1. Nthaka ya peat.
2. Mchenga.
3. Makala.
4. Pang'ono ufa wa dolomite.

Chifukwa chake, tili ndi zonse zomwe tikufuna, tidakonza malo. Momwe mungabzalidwe gloxinia:

1. Sakanizani tuber kwa theka la ola munthawi yotentha ya potaziyamu permanganate.
2. Youma.
3. Bzalani mozama masentimita 1-2 pamodzi ndi nthaka, kapena kuzamitsitsimutsanso ndi theka la kutalika kwa tuber.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji moyenera?

Chilimwe

1. Kuunikira ndi malo... Ndizoletsedwa kusiya chomera mothandizidwa ndi kuwunika kwa dzuwa, chifukwa amazitentha kwambiri, ndipo mawanga amawoneka masamba. Komabe, imafunikira kuwala kambiri pakukula ndi maluwa. Ngati sikokwanira, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwonjezera kuyatsa. Mulimonsemo sipangakhale ma drafti pafupi ndi chomeracho. Ngati alipo komwe kuli mphika wa maluwa, ndiye kuti maluwa a gloxinia akagwa mtsogolomo.
2. Kuthirira... Poyamba, kuthirira kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri, chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mosasamala, kuvunda kumayamba.

   CHOFUNIKA! Osatsanulira madzi pa tuber palokha! Komanso, madzi amayenera kutetezedwa ndikuwotcha pang'ono, chifukwa simungathe kuthira madzi ozizira. Ndikofunika kuthirira mozungulira, kumapeto kwa dziko lapansi.

   Masamba oyamba akayamba, mutha kuyamba kuthirira madzi mosamala. Kupopera mbewu sikungachitikenso mwachindunji pa iwo, koma mozungulira kuti musunge chinyezi.

3. Zovala zapamwamba... Ndikofunikira kudyetsa chiweto chanu. Izi ziyenera kuchitika kamodzi pa sabata. Monga chovala chapamwamba, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera wamaluwa, ali ndi zonse zofunika kutsatira. Nthawi yamaluwa ndiyotalika, nthawi zambiri imakhala kuyambira Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembara.

Dzinja ndi dzinja

Chilimwe chitatha, Shagane amafunika kupumula kwa miyezi ingapo.

1. Kuthirira... Masamba akayamba kufota, izi zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa madzi kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Kuthirira sikungapitilize pamene gawo lakumera la chomeracho liuma. Pakadali pano, kuthirira kumaima .. Koma chomeracho chimafunikabe chinyezi m'nyengo yozizira kuti tipewe kuyanika tubers. Izi zokha siziyenera kuchitidwa kamodzi pamwezi. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kuyenera kusungidwa kwambiri.
2. Komwe mungasunge... Pakadali pano, ayenera kupita nazo m'chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, momwe kutentha kumakhalabe +10 osasintha.

   Ngati chipinda chimakhala chozizira, ndiye kuti panthawi yamaluwa otsatira, maluwa adzagwa, omwe sanakhale ndi nthawi yotseguka. Ngati muli ndi gloxinia wofatsa. Simungazisiye m'nyengo yozizira ngati yamera kuchokera munthawi yophukira, chifukwa mwanayo analibe nthawi yokula tuber mpaka kukula kofunikira nyengo yachisanu. Siyani pamalo otentha ndipo pitirizani kuthirira.

   Tchulani! Chomera chokha chomwe chimakhala ndi masamba osachepera asanu ndi limodzi ndi chomwe chimatsalira nthawi yachisanu.

   Muthanso kusamalira gloxinia m'njira ina nthawi ya chilimwe:

   • Fukulani tuber yake mumphika.
   • Ikani m'thumba la pulasitiki lowonekera, momwe muyenera kuyikapo nthaka ndi moss (choyamba ndikuwazaza ndi madzi).
   • Mangani thumba.

   Chikwama chowonekera chimapereka mwayi nthawi iliyonse kuti muwone ngati tuber yayamba kumera, ndipo moss imatsimikizira chinyezi chokwanira. Kusamalira nthawi yachisanu ndi nthawi yophukira sikuvuta, koma kuyeneranso kuyankhulidwa moyenera.

Masika

Ngati nthawi yopumula idachitikira mumphika, mchaka, gloxinia iyenera kuyikidwa pazenera ndikuyamba kuwonjezera madzi. Mphukira zatsopano zipyola posachedwa. Ngati nthawi yozizira tuber idasungidwa m'thumba, ndiye kuti iyenera kubzalidwanso pansi mu Epulo.

1. Samalani pakudzuka.
   • Kuti mupulumuke mwachangu, mutha kuphimba mphikawo ndi thumba la pulasitiki.
   • Koma musanadzalemo, tuber iyenera kuyesedwa, chifukwa zilonda zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuwonekera nthawi yachisanu. Ngati madera ngati awa amapezeka, ndiye kuti amadulidwa ndikukonzedwa.
   • Kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe mabakiteriya otsalira, mutha kumiza tuber kwakanthawi mu mayankho a pinki a potaziyamu permanganate kwathunthu.
   • Zikakhala kuti zauma kwambiri, chomeracho sichimakhalanso bwino. Izi zimachitika pomwe tuber idagulidwa m'sitolo.
   • Ngati, komabe, pali kukayika pazaumoyo wa gloxinia, boma lake pambuyo pa dzinja, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kudula tuber. Gawolo liyenera kukhala la pinki kapena lachikasu, kenako magawowo amasinthidwa, ndipo mbali zake zimabzalidwa padera. Ngati pali mawanga amdima, ndiye kuti amadulidwa, mabala amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo, tuber imabzalidwa. Koma ngati odulidwayo ndi abulauni kapena akuda, ndiye kuti sinningia ndi yakufa.
2. Zovala zapamwamba... Amafunikanso mchaka. Yoyamba itha kukhala ndi nayitrogeni. Mukuvala kwina, kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, kuyenera kuchepa.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

Tchulani! Chomera chilichonse chimatha kudwala, gloxinia siimodzimodzi, matenda ake amatha kukhala osamalidwa molakwika kapena mosamalitsa, kapena kuchokera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Awa ndi matenda ofala kwambiri:

1. Wowuma tuber... Poterepa, synningia siyitsitsimutsa.
2. Kukula kosauka ndi kupindika kwa maluwa, yosungidwa bwino, kuukira kwa tizilombo, kuchokera ku hypothermia. Zoyenera kuchita? Onaninso maluwawo ngati kungayambitse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chakudya, chotsani pazoyeserera.
3. Kufiira kwamasamba chifukwa chosowa phosphorous.
4. Chikasu masamba chifukwa chosowa feteleza wa nayitrogeni, madzi ovuta kwambiri kapena ozizira, kusefukira, nthaka yochepa ya acidity. Zoyenera kuchita? Kukumba chomeracho ndikuwona momwe tuber ilili, kusintha nthaka.
5. "Tambasula" mphukira mmwamba ndi kusowa kwa kuyatsa, kutentha kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni. Zoyenera kuchita? Sinthani msangamsanga zochitika pamoyo wa duwa, dulani mphukira zazikulu kwambiri ndikulola mizu kukula.
6. Kutaya masamba otsika ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi cha mpweya, madzi ambiri, matenda a fungal kapena bakiteriya. Zoyenera kuchita? Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa ndi fungicide, yerengani kuchuluka kwa madzi.
7. Akugubuduza masamba chifukwa kuphwanya malamulo a chisamaliro, kudya mopitirira muyeso ndi potaziyamu. Zoyenera kuchita? Samalani kuthirira kolondola, ngakhale kuwala, feteleza ndi chinyezi zakonzedwa bwino.
8. Kutsegula masamba ndi maluwa osabereka chifukwa cha hypothermia m'nyengo yozizira. Zoyenera kuchita? Chotsani ma pedicels, dikirani maluwa amtsogolo, utsi ndi epin.
9. Kugwa masamba osatsegulidwa Zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo, kusowa kwa kuwala, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Zoyenera kuchita? Sinthani kuyatsa, thirirani chomeracho ndi mankhwala.
10. Kupanda maluwa mwina chifukwa cha chisanu chosayenera, kudya mopitirira muyeso ndi nayitrogeni, mphika waukulu kwambiri, kusowa kwa kuwala. Zoyenera kuchita? Sinthani kuyatsa, kumuika mumphika woyenera.
11. Kuyanika masamba osatsegulidwa chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri kapena kusowa kwa mpweya. Zoyenera kuchita? Shade gloxinia kuchokera padzuwa, utsi mpweya pamwamba pa duwa, chakudya.
12. Mphukira zovunda ndi masamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, kuchuluka kwa acidity wapadziko lapansi, kudya mopitirira muyeso ndi nayitrogeni, kuzizira kozizira, kuvunda kwa tuber. Zoyenera kuchita? Onetsetsani momwe tuber ilili, sinthani nthaka, muchepetse kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe akubwera.
13. Kufota panthawi yamaluwa chifukwa cha mavuto ndi tuber. Chifukwa chothirira kwambiri kapena matenda. Zoyenera kuchita? Onetsetsani momwe tuber ilili, sinthani nthaka, mulinganiza chinyezi padziko lapansi.
14. Kangaude, thrips ndi nsabwe za m'masamba... Zoyenera kuchita? Polimbana ndi vutoli, ma acaricides, mankhwala ophera tizilombo adzakuthandizani.

Zonsezi zidzakuthandizani kusamalira bwino chiweto chanu ndikumuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi moyo wautali. Sizosavuta kumusamalira, koma, monga duwa lililonse, amafunikira chisamaliro, ndiye kuti nyumba yanu idzadzazidwa ndi mitundu yowala ya Shagane's gloxinia.

Onerani kanemayo: סיראנו דה ברזראק-הקאמרי-דודו ניב-מונולוג צוק איתן (September 2024).