Kufotokozera kwa mawonekedwe a chomera chakunyumba - zitsulo begonias: mawonekedwe azisamaliro ndi zina zabwino

Ngati mwasankha kubzala malo obiriwira m'nyumba mwanu kapena wowonjezera kutentha ndi nthumwi yayikulu yokongola, ndiye mverani chitsulo begonia. Chomerachi ndi chodzichepetsa kwambiri chisamaliro, sichifuna kuwala kochuluka ndipo chili ndi masamba obiriwira ndi maluwa osakhwima omwe angakondweretseni diso lanu kwazaka zambiri.

Momwe mungasungire duwa ili bwino kunyumba, ndi njira ziti komanso njira zosamalirira zomwe zingakupangitseni kuti begonia ikhale ngati zokongoletsera zamkati? Zonsezi ndi zina zambiri tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.

Kulongosola kwa botanical ndi mbiri yakomwe idachokera

Begonia Metallica ndi membala wa banja la Begonia ndipo ndi m'modzi wazomera zokongoletsera zamtunduwu. Chomerachi chili ndi dzina lotero chifukwa cha mtundu wa masamba ake: mbali yakutsogolo, masamba ake ndi azitona wobiriwira, ndipo mitsempha yofiira imakhala ndi chitsulo chachitsulo. Komanso mtundu uwu wa begonias umatchedwa mtundu wachikuda kapena begonia wachitsulo.

Pamakalata. Amakhulupirira kuti mtundu wa begonia (begonia) umatchulidwa polemekeza bwanamkubwa wa Haiti, yemwe anali katswiri wodziwa komanso kusonkhanitsa maluwa, M. Begon, yemwe amakhala m'zaka za zana la 18.

Ngakhale kuti chuma chambiri chazomera cha mtundu wa begonia chimapezeka mdera lotentha la South America ndi Asia, begonia idadziwitsidwa kumayiko aku Europe ndi Russia kalekale. Metallic begonia imachokera ku Brazil, komwe kumakhala mapiri amdima kapena achinyontho pamtunda wa 800-1700 m pamwamba pamadzi m'nkhalango za paini ndi nkhalango zowuma.

Kufotokozera kwa mawonekedwe

Mtundu wa Begonia ndi chomera chachikulu chomwe chimakhala ndi tsinde lolimba la pubescent. Masamba a chomerachi ndi obiriwira mdima ndi mitsempha yofiira yomwe imakhala ndi chitsulo. Masamba awa, omwe amafika masentimita 15 m'litali, amakhala osakanikirana ndi mapiri osongoka ndipo amakhala ndi malo osindikizira.

Tsamba lakumbuyo kwake ndi lofiirira. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, begonia imakula msanga ndikufika 80-120 cm kutalika. M'dzinja ndi chilimwe, maluwa ambiri akulu obiriwira omwe ali ndi mtundu wofiyira woyera ndi pinki amawonekera.

Chithunzi

Pansipa mutha kuwona chomera chomera chabwino - chitsulo begonia.

Komwe mungabzalemo: malamulo, malangizo ndi malangizo

Metallic begonia ndi chomera chokongola chanyumba chomwe chimalekerera mdima wabwino ndipo, mosiyana ndi maluwa ambiri amnyumba, imatha kupezeka mdima wanyumbayo. Kuphatikiza apo, uyu ndi woimira zomera, zomwe kukula kwake nthawi zina zimapitilira mita, ndipo nthambi zake zimayambira mwamphamvu ndikukula pansi, chifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuyiyika poyimilira kuti itsimikizire kukongola kwa masamba ndi inflorescence.

Kutchulidwa. Komabe, posankha malo achitsulo begonia, muyenera kukumbukira kuti sichilekerera ma drafti komanso chinyezi chambiri.

Komanso khonde siloyenera kumeretsa chomerachi, chifukwa duwa sililekerera kusintha kwakukuru kotentha ndipo silimakonda likasamutsidwa kuchoka kumalo ena kupita kwina.

Mitundu ina ya chomerachi imatha kupanga kusiyanasiyana pamiyala yazitsulo ya begonia: mwachitsanzo, begonia wobiriwira nthawi zonse kapena begonia yozizira.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Thupi begonia begonia imakonda kuwala kokwanira kapena imakhala mumthunzi pang'onochifukwa chake sikabwino kuyika pawindo pazenera lakumwera kwa chipindacho. Masamba a duwa limeneli ndi ofunika kwambiri ku dzuwa, komwe masambawo amatha kutembenukira chikasu, kapena kuwotcha. Mbali yakum'mawa, kumpoto kapena kumadzulo kwa chipindacho izikhala yabwino kwa iye, ndipo chomerachi chiziwonekeranso bwino.

Zofunika panthaka

Metallic begonia imayenera kuikidwa kamodzi pachaka, makamaka mchaka. Komanso, chomeracho chimayenera kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo mutagula kuti muwone ngati mizu ili yathanzi komanso ngati ndi tizirombo.

Ndi bwino kusankha nthaka ya begonias yambiri, yotayirira komanso yathanzi. Dothi liyenera kuphatikizapo:

• Malo obiriwira.
• Peat.
• Humus lapansi.
• Dziko la Sod.
• Mchenga.

Ndikofunika kusankha mphika wawukulu komanso wokulirapo wobzala mbewu zazikulu, chifukwa mumphika wopanikiza masamba achitsulo begonia amayamba kuzimiririka, ndipo chomeracho sichikhala chobiriwira ngati kale.

Zofunika! Onetsetsani kuti mukuyika ngalande pansi pamphika, dothi lokulitsa kapena miyala yaying'ono ndiyabwino ngati ngalande, apo ayi mizu ya maluwayo imatha kuyamba kuvunda chifukwa chinyezi chowonjezera, chomwe chingapangitse kuti maluwawo afe.

Podzala mbewu zazing'ono, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yofewa.: muyenera kusakaniza peat ndi tsamba kapena nthaka yamchenga chimodzimodzi. Poyamba, mbande zazing'ono zimabzalidwa mumiphika yaying'ono yokhala ndi masentimita 8 masentimita, kenako, chomeracho chikazika mizu, chimabzalidwa mchikwama chachikulu.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji moyenera?

Metallic begonia ndi chomera chodzichepetsa choyenera kusamalira, koma sichikonda madontho akulu otentha, pomwe maluwawo amathira masamba ake. Chomera cha thermophilic chimakonda kutentha kwa mpweya kwa 16 - 25 madigiri, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira kutentha sikuyenera kukhala kotsika kuposa madigiri 15 - 16, koma pakatentha kopitilira 20 madigiri tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika begonia m'chipinda chamdima.

Chomeracho chimakonda chinyezi chokwanira, koma chisamaliro chiyenera kusamalidwa kuti sipangakhale chinyezi, chomwe chingapangitse mawonekedwe a bowa. Ngakhale kukonda chinyezi - Metallic begonia sakonda madzi akugwera pamasamba. Kuthirira m'nyengo yozizira kuyenera kukhala koyenera, ndipo nthawi yotentha begonia iyenera kuthiriridwa kwambiri.

Mukamwetsa, ndi bwino kuganizira nthaka: ngati yauma ndi 1.5 cm, chomeracho chimafunika kuthirira. Ndikofunika kuthirira madzi ofunda, okhazikika kwa tsiku limodzi, mutha kuwonjezera madzi pang'ono a citric. Ngati m'nyengo yozizira sizingatheke kutentha pamwamba pa madigiri 15, ndiye kuti muyenera kuthirira maluwa ndi madzi ofunda, ndikuyika madzi ofunda pafupi ndi mphasa, pomwe dothi lokwera liyenera kumasulidwa ndi 1 cm.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

1. Amatentha pamasamba. Zizindikiro: kutentha pamasamba achitsulo begonia kumachitika chifukwa cha dzuwa, makamaka ngati mumwaza madzi pamasamba a dzuwa. Chithandizo: chomeracho chikuyenera kuchotsedwa padzuwa.
2. Tsinde lowola pamizu. Zizindikiro: tsinde limayamba kuvunda pansi, masamba amagwa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri kapena kuthirira mopitilira muyeso. Chithandizo: ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuthirira ndikuchotsa chomeracho pamalo ozizira.
3. Kuwonongeka kwa chomeracho ndi bowa Botrytis cinerea. Zizindikiro: Nkhungu yakuda (zotupa zakuda) zimapezeka pamasamba, maluwa ndi tsinde. Matendawa amapezeka chifukwa chinyezi. Chithandizo: mpweya wabwino mchipinda, koma pewani ma drafti.

   Kutchulidwa. Onetsetsani kuti chomeracho chiume, ndiyeno mugwiritse ntchito fungicides zofunika kuchiza.

4. Kugonjetsedwa kwa chomeracho ndi fungus Oidium begoniae. Zizindikiro: nkhungu yoyera ya powdery imawonekera pamasamba, palinso kununkhira kwa fungus, nkhungu zikafalikira, masamba amakhala odzaza, kenako ndikumera kwa chomeracho. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha chinyezi chambiri kutentha kwa madigiri 20 - 24. Chithandizo: monga bowa lam'mbuyomu, ndikofunikira kukonza mpweya wabwino, pewani zolembera, lolani kuti begonias aume ndikuchiza ndi fungicides.
5. Matenda a kachilombo. Chizindikiro: Mawanga achikasu amapezeka pamasamba. Chithandizo: Matendawa sangachiritsidwe, ndikofunikira kuwononga mbewuyo kuti matendawa asafalikire kuzomera zina zamkati.

Zoswana

Metallic begonia imatha kufalikira pogawa rhizome ndi njere, koma njira yofala kwambiri yofalitsa mbeuyi ndikufalitsa ndi tsinde. Njirayi iyenera kuberekanso nthawi yachilimwe kapena yotentha.

1. Dulani cuttings masentimita 8-10 kuchokera ku maluwa osagwiritsa ntchito maluwa a begonia.Dimbani malekezero a zidutswazo mu ufa wa mahomoni.
2. Bzalani cuttings m'miphika yokonzeka ndi 8 cm m'munda wokhala ndi peat ndi mchenga mu 1: 1 ratio. Mutabzala, tsekani miphika ndi pulasitiki kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha.
3. Pakadutsa milungu isanu ndi umodzi, masamba adzawonekera pa cuttings; zisanachitike, cuttings iyenera kutetezedwa ku kuwala. Masambawo atatuluka, kanemayo ayenera kuchotsedwa.
4. Bzalani nyemba zazing'ono mumphika wokulirapo m'nthaka kuti zimere.

Mapeto

Metallica begonia, monga zomera zambiri zamtunduwu, idazolowera nyengo yaku Russia. Thupi begonia begonia ndilosavuta kusamalira komanso mosadzitama pobzala. Kusamalira kwake sikovuta, ndipo masamba ake okongola osakanikirana amatha kusangalala nawo kwazaka zingapo.

Onerani kanemayo: TCHUTCHUTCHU - 30 MAY 2018 - BON KALINDO (September 2024).