Malangizo abwino kwambiri ndi malangizo a kuswana cyclamen pogawa tuber

Kukula kwa cyclamen, nthawi ina, pafupifupi onse omwe amalima amabwera ku chisankho chofalitsa chomeracho kuti chikhale chokongoletsa nyumba kwambiri kapena kuti apange mphatso yapadera yokondwerera. Cyclamen ndi duwa lokongola kwambiri, lomwe, monga zomera zonse zomwe zatibwera kuchokera kumadera ofunda a chomeracho, zili ndi mawonekedwe ake oberekana.

Kutsata malamulo okhwima a cyclamens kumatsimikiziratu kupambana kwa bizinesi yonse ndikuthandizira kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa munthu wokongola uyu.

Ndi chiyani icho?

Dziko lakwawo la cyclamen ndi gawo la Mediterranean ndi North Africa. Mutha kupeza ma cyclamens ku Cyprus ndi Palestine, ku Iran, kumapiri a Alpine komanso ku Greece. Ili m'gulu la myrsinaceae, komanso limakhala la primroses. Maluwawo ali ndi mitundu yambiri, pafupifupi 70, amasiyana kukula, mawonekedwe a maluwa, utoto. Pafupifupi mitundu makumi awiri ya cyclamen ndi yoweta, yazika mizu ndikukula m'nyumba.

Kutalika kwa chomeracho kumatha kukhala kuchokera pa masentimita 15 mpaka masentimita 35. Muzu wa mtundu wake wamtunduwu umafanana ndi babu wokhazikika, wokhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono. Kukula kwa cyclamen tuber ndi masentimita 4 mpaka 15. Masambawo ndi owala kapena obiriwira obiriwira, amatha kukhala ndi zipsinjo ndi mabanga amtundu wakuda.

Ma peduncles ndi aatali, olimba, ochepa makulidwe, okutidwa ndi maluwa ochuluka, mpaka masamba makumi asanu ndi limodzi atha kutsegulidwa pa cyclamen imodzi. Maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono, amapindika pang'ono kutsika, ali ndi masamba okhota pang'ono. Amawoneka ngati agulugufe akuuluka pamwamba penipeni.

Pamakalata. Chomeracho ndi hermaphrodite, ndipo mutatha maluwa, tuber imakhala yopanda kanthu, pafupifupi kotala kapena kotala ikukwawa m'nthaka.

Pali mitundu ndi mitundu yazomera zingapo, mwachitsanzo, Persian, Cyclamen Mix ndi ena (mutha kuphunzira zambiri za Cyclamen Mix munkhaniyi).

Njira

Momwe mungagawire duwa? Ngati kubzala mbewu za cyclamen kuli kovuta kwambiri, kumafuna nthawi yochuluka komanso khama, ndiye Kufalikira ndi masamba a cuttings, rosettes ndi magawano a tuber - zosavuta ndikutsimikiziridwa kusamutsa magawo azomera am'badwo wotsatira.

Malo ogulitsira

Cyclamen rosettes ndi mphukira pa muzu wa babu, wopangidwa kuchokera ku masamba, omwe noduleyo imafalikira kwenikweni. Inde, si onse omwe amadzuka ndikupereka mphukira, monga lamulo, pali owerengeka okha. Mphukira za cyclamen yakale zimakula motalikirapo, alimi odziwa bwino maluwa ngakhale adadzipangira dzina - nyanga.

Pazolinga zoswana amodzi mwa mphukira zotukuka amasiyanitsidwa ndi tuber, ndikuipotoza ngati momwemo ndi nyama, koma nthawi yomweyo mosamala kwambiri. Pambuyo popatukana, mphukira imabzalidwa m'nthaka yonyowa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatengedwa kuti ikule cyclamens ndipo wowonjezera kutentha amapangidwa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito botolo lagalasi kapena botolo la pulasitiki pansi, kapena thumba la pulasitiki.

Wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala ndi zinthu zowonekera kwathunthu. Chomeracho chimaphimbidwa momasuka, kutentha kwapakati pa madigiri 20-25 kumawonedwa.

Kutchulidwa. Pakadutsa milungu iwiri kapena itatu, mizu iyenera kupanga. Pambuyo pake, wowonjezera kutentha amatsukidwa ndipo cyclamen amasamalidwa mwachizolowezi. Amayamba kupanga tsamba la masamba ndikupanga tuber.

Ana

Kodi ana amagawana bwanji? Nthawi zambiri mukamabzala cyclamens kulowa m'nthaka yatsopano, pakati kapena Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, zinthu zatsopano zimabzalidwa, kutenga zina zazing'ono zam'mimba kuchokera ku tubermawonekedwewo pamwamba pa mayi tuber.

1. Mwana wathanzi kwambiri wa minituber amasankhidwa, zizindikilo zake ndikusowa kwa khwinya pamwamba, ndipo payenera kukhala impso pamwamba pa nodule.
2. Babu yomwe yangobadwa kumene imasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndi tuber yayikulu ndikukhazikika mu kapu yaying'ono mu gawo wamba, ndikuyika wowonjezera kutentha kwa sabata kapena awiri.
3. Masamba oyamba akamera, wowonjezera kutentha amayeretsedwa ndikusamalidwa ngati chomera wamba.
4. Pambuyo pa masamba angapo, mmera umasunthira kumalo ake okhazikika - mumphika.
5. Patatha mwezi umodzi, manyowa ndikukonzekera kwa cyclamens, yankho lokha limakhala lofooka, kudyetsa mtsogolo molingana ndi malamulo wamba.

Kuchokera masamba

Mitengo yodula ya cyclamen imadziwika kuti kuzika mizu m'madzi sikuchitika, ndipo kuzika mizu mu gawo lapansi sikupambana nthawi zonse. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu yaku Europe. Amasankha mapepala okhala ndi mizu yaying'ono, chifukwa chake, kwa mitundu ya ku Persia yomwe ilibe zotere, njirayi sikhala yothandiza (zambiri zokhudzana ndi mitundu ya Aperezi ndi momwe mungazisamalire zitha kupezeka pankhaniyi, komanso momwe mungasiyanitsire mitundu iyi ndi ya ku Europe yomwe imapezeka apa).

Tsamba silidulidwa, koma liyenera kuthyoledwa ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono ka tuber. Zikupezeka kuti kumapeto kwa petiole pali zina ngati njira-ulusi, iyi ndi mizu yaying'ono, imalola tsambalo kuzika ndikukula ngati chomera chodziyimira pawokha. Amawatcha "zala". Chidutswa chobzalidwa m'nthaka ndikuphimbidwa ndi wowonjezera kutentha mpaka kuzika mizu, kenako kuchotsedwa ndikuwasamalira monga mwachizolowezi. Zambiri pazakufalitsa kwa cyclamens ndi masamba zitha kupezeka pano.

Mbewu

Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yaku Persian:

1. Musanadzafese, nyembazo zimathiridwa mu njira yothetsera biostimulating kwa maola asanu ndi atatu, kenako zimabzalidwa m'nthaka yamchenga, yomwe kale idapatsidwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
2. Mbeu imamizidwa mozama pafupifupi sentimita, kuthirira pang'ono dzenje lisanadzale. Chikhalidwe chachikulu chakumera ndi mdima, chifukwa chake chidebecho chimakutidwa ndi kanema wakuda. Chitani mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse ndi moisten, kuti nthaka isamaume.
3. Pambuyo masiku 30-45, mmera umaswa ndipo kanemayo amachotsedwa, chidebecho chimatsegulidwa kuti chiunikire kwathunthu. Kutentha kwakukulu pakukula kwa mbewu ndi mbande ndi madigiri 18.
4. Pambuyo pa kukula kwa masamba 2-3, amatola, amatenga zovundikira zazing'ono ndi dothi losakaniza.
5. Patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, amabzalidwa m'miphika, ndikusiya tuber gawo limodzi mwamagawo atatu pansi.

Mbande imamera pachaka chimodzi ndi theka.

Zambiri pazokula cyclamens kuchokera ku mbewu zitha kupezeka pankhaniyi.

Kubalana pogawa tuber

Cyclamen tuber ndiye gawo lofunikira kwambiri komanso lotetezedwa kwambiri. Kugawa ndikudula tuber ndichinthu chovuta kwambiri chomwe chitha kuyambitsa kudula kapena kufa kwa chomera cha mayi, ndipo mwina zonse mwakamodzi.

Ngati tikulankhula za mutu wobereka wa chifuwa chachikulu, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito magawano ndi ana. Komabe, taganizirani za kufalikira kwa cyclamen mwa magawano. Apa muyenera kukumbukira kuti njirayi ndi yoyenera kwa cyclamens yayikulu kwambiri.

Zofunika! Ndikofunika kusankha nthawi yoyenera gawoli. N'zotheka kuwonetsa tuber kuti izi zitheke panthawi yogona.

Malangizo mwatsatanetsatane

Maphunziro

1. Thirirani chomeracho tsiku kuti nthaka izinyowa, ndipo babu akhoza kuchotsedwa popanda chosokoneza.
2. Kukumba mu tuber, kusamba ndi madzi otetezeka kutentha, kuchotsa dziko lapansi.
3. Tengani mpeni wakuthwa kwambiri ndi tsamba lochepa.
4. Thirani mankhwala.
5. Pofuna kuchepetsa kupwetekedwa mtima, ndibwino kugawa tuber m'malo angapo. Kutalika kololeza kwakukulu kukhala magawo anayi.
6. Chodulira chikuyenera kupangidwa m'njira yoti gawo lirilonse likhale ndi gawo limodzi lokulirapo ndi chidendene chomwe mizu yopyapyala imayambira.
7. Siyani kuti muume kwa maola 2-4.
8. Ufa ziwalo zowonekera ndi ufa wamakala. Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito wobiriwira wonyezimira asanayambe kumwa makala. Siyani kuti muume kwa maola ena 18.

Zofunikira zapansi

Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi masamba, peat, humus ndi mchenga. Zokonzekera zopangidwa kale zitha kugulidwa. Ndikofunika kuti muwotche kapena kuumitsa kuti muteteze tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kapena mutha kuwuthira ndi njira yofooka ya manganese. Kusanjikiza kwa ngalande kumafunikanso; amatetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mwa kuwerengera mu uvuni.

Kutsika

1. Thirani ngalande mu mphika, sentimita imodzi ndi theka.
2. Kwezani pafupifupi gawo lonse la chotengera ndi dothi.
3. Sungani pang'ono.
4. Ikani div pakati. Mukamabzala, simungathe kuuika.
5. Onjezani dothi lina.
6. Bzalani m'nthaka yonyowa.

Mphika

Poto amatengedwa pafupifupi 7-8 cm m'mimba mwake, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mabowo pansi kukhetsa madzi owonjezera.

Kusamalira kunyumba

Malamulo osamalira mbewu amagwiritsidwa ntchito chimodzimodzi.

• Kuthirira. Kuthirira mtsogolo kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri kuti magawowo asavunde. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira m'mphepete mwa mphika. Kuthirira pamwamba ndi pansi kumasintha. Kuthirira kumachitika pansi, kutsanulira madzi poto nthaka itauma.
• Kuyatsa. Cyclamen imafuna kuyatsa kwathunthu ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Samalola kuyatsa kwachindunji.
• Kutentha. Wokonda kuzizira, sangayime pafupi ndi rediyeta kapena chitofu. Kutentha kwa madigiri 20 kuli koyenera, koma madigiri 14-17 adzakhala abwino.
• Chinyezi chamlengalenga. Kuuma mopitirira muyeso kumakhala kovulaza, ndipo kupopera madzi mwachindunji sikulimbikitsidwa. Ndi bwino kuyika makapu amadzi kapena vaporizer pafupi ndi mphikawo.
• Makongoletsedwe. Kuti akwaniritse nyambo yoyamba, akuyembekezera mphukira kuti ziwonekere. Kwenikweni, amayesa kuyamba kudyetsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Poyamba, mapangidwe a nayitrogeni sagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mafuta amadzimadzi amadzipukutira theka la kapu lita imodzi yamadzi.

  Zindikirani! Poterepa, yankho siliyenera kuloledwa kufikira masamba ndi zimayambira.

  Feteleza feteleza owonjezera amawononga cyclamen, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri. Choyamba, dothi limathiriridwa, kuyembekezera kuyamwa kwathunthu kwa madzi, kenako pokhapokha kumawonjezeredwa.

Mapeto

Zotsatira zake, malamulo obereketsa cyclamen si ovuta kwambiri ndipo ngati ulesi kapena kusasamala sikungalepheretse, ndiye kuti ngakhale wolemba maluwa woyamba angapeze maluwa atsopano. Kusunga nthawi komanso kusasinthasintha kwa chisamaliro cha mbewu ndichinsinsi chachitukuko chabwinobwino cha mbewu yomwe yangobadwa kumene, yomwe imakhala yambiri komanso yayitali.

Onerani kanemayo: Njira Zabwino- Eliza Kachali Kaunda (September 2024).