Zinsinsi zokula petunias kuchokera ku "A" mpaka "Z"

Simukudziwa momwe mungakongolere khonde lanu, loggia, dimba, kapena pazenera la nyumba yanu? Ndiye nkhaniyi ndi yanu. Tikuuzani za petunia wokongola, yemwe ndi woyenera kukongoletsa.

Petunia ndi herbaceous osatha semi-shrub chomera chochokera kumadera otentha. Zimakopa chidwi ndi mitundu yake yayikulu komanso yowala. Zimaphatikiza mogwirizana ndi zomera zina zam'munda. Chifukwa chake, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa munda kapena bwalo. Nthawi zambiri, olima maluwa amasankha kuti azikongoletsa makonde, loggias komanso ngakhale windows windows.

Amakhulupirira kuti petunia wamkulu ndiwosangalatsa kwambiri, ndipo ziphuphu zazing'ono zimakhalabe zovuta. Koma, ngakhale zili choncho, ngati mungayandikire njira yakukula ndi kusamalira petunia moyenera, zonse zitha bwino ndipo mudzasilira maluwa ake okongola kwanthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake m'nkhaniyi tiona momwe tingamere chomera popanda zolakwika kuchokera ku "A" mpaka "Z" ...

Kodi kulima molondola?

Ukadaulo wabwino kwambiri wokula wa petunia ndi:

1. Mphamvu yayikulu.
2. Kudyetsa pafupipafupi.
3. Kutsirira kokwanira.
4. Kuchotsa maluwa osatha.

izo chomeracho chimakonda dothi loamy, koma chimazika mizu monganso m'nthaka wamba, ndi mitundu ina ngakhale m'nthaka yosavuta. Koma ndibwino kukulitsa kukongola kwachonde, komwe kumakhala peat, turf, mchenga wamtsinje, nthaka yamasamba. Njira ina yabwino yokulitsira ndikuwonjezera nitrophoska panthaka.

M'munda wam'munda, masamba obiriwira amakhala abwino ndipo kukula kwake kumathamanga, chifukwa amakonda malo okhala ndi acidic pang'ono.

Kukula kwa petunias kumafuna kuwala kwapadera. Amakonda madera omwe akukula bwino, komabe, maluwa amatha kutuluka padzuwa lotentha. Kuzimitsa pang'ono kumafunikanso.

Kuunikira ndiimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zokulira petunias. Chifukwa chake, malo owala bwino omwe mdimawo ndiwabwino.

Nthaka yomwe petunia imakula iyenera kukhala yonyowa, koma osasefukira. Chinyezi chowonjezera chimasiya kukula. Ndikofunikanso kutsegula nthaka yomwe mbewuyo imakula. Kukula maluwawa sikungakhale kovuta ngati mungotsatira zounikira, kuthirira komanso nthaka.

Kodi ndingamere chomera kunyumba?

Kodi chomera ichi chingalimidwe m'nyumba? Inde, koma ndizovuta kuposa zakunja.

Zindikirani! Chofunika kwambiri, nthaka yomwe ili pachidebe chokula iyenera kukhala yopepuka komanso yopatsa madzi.

Chifukwa chake, chidwi chachikulu chiyenera kulipidwa panthaka. Kuti muchite izi, ndikwanira kusakaniza nthaka yosavuta ndi dothi logulidwa pamtengowo. Muthanso kubzala m'nthaka yogulidwa, koma mutatha kuwonjezera hydrogel kwa iwo. Hydrogel iyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti gawo lotere limakhalabe ndi chinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndikuthirira mbewu. Madzi pokhapokha akauma, makamaka chomera chomwe changobzalidwa kumene.

Kukulitsa petunias mumphika kapena chidebe kumatanthauzanso kusankha koyenera kwa chidebecho kuti chikule. Shrub ndi terry petunias amafunikira malita atatu a nthaka pachomera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbeu zitatu zitha kubzalidwa mu chidebe cha malita khumi. Zida zazikulu zimasunga chinyezi nthawi yayitali, motero ndibwino kudzala mbewu zingapo pachidebe chimodzi chachikulu. Koma ampelous, cascoading petunias ndi sufinias amafunikira malita 5 pachomera chilichonse.

Pakuyenera kukhala mabowo muchidebe kuti chinyezi chowonjezera chizituluka. Ngati musankha chidebe cholakwika, ndiye kuti mutha kukwaniritsa kukongola, koma osakhalitsa. Petunias adzakula poyamba, kenako adzapulumuka m'mikhalidwe yotere. Ndipo sangakusangalatseni ndi zikwapu zazitali komanso zobiriwira komanso maluwa ambiri. Ndi zifukwa zina ziti zomwe zingayambitse kusowa kwa mitundu ndi momwe mungazichotsere zomwe takambirana pano.

Ndikofunika kutola maluwa omwe adazilala kumunda. Zinsinsi za kukula kwa petunias:

1. Kusankha mpando - liyenera kukhala malo owala bwino okhala ndi mdima pang'ono.
2. Nthaka - onse munda wamba komanso okonzedwa mwapadera pogwiritsa ntchito dothi logulidwa ndi peat, ndikuwonjezera hydrogel, turf, mchenga wolimba.
3. Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa - kuthirira tsiku lililonse, makamaka mukawona kuti chotumphuka chapuma. Wothirira kwambiri m'mawa ndi madzulo. Petunia sakonda chinyezi chokhazikika, choncho samalirani madzi abwino. Dyetsani nthawi zonse ndi feteleza amchere. Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti ili ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous - ndizo zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa maluwa.

Njira zoberekera

Mutha kufalitsa m'njira ziwiri: kumera mbande kuchokera ku mbewu ndi cuttings.

Mbewu

Iyi ndi njira yofala kwambiri yobzala mbewu, ngakhale kunyumba. Gulani mbewu mu chipolopolo - ndizosavuta kubzala ndipo ndizokulirapo. Choyamba, timakonza nthaka ndikukhala ndi kutentha kwa 22-25^zaC. Timabzala mu chidebe momwe mumakhala ngalande nthawi zonse. Musanabzala, ngalande iyenera kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi potaziyamu permanganate. Chitani zomwezo ndi nthaka; gwiritsani ntchito kukonzekera kuti muwapatse mankhwala.

Bzalani nyembazo kukhala yonyowa koma osanyowa. Izi zisanachitike, ndibwino kusakaniza mbewuzo ndi mchenga wamtsinje. Kenako, tsekani chidebecho ndi mbewu ndi galasi kapena zojambulazo. Timamera mbande kutentha 22^zaC. Pofuna kuteteza nthaka kuti isatope, nthawi zonse chotsani magalasi kapena kusintha kanema.

Pamakalata. Musaiwale za kuyatsa bwino. Tchire tating'onoting'ono tikangowonekera ndipo mizu imalimba, mutha kubzala pamalo otseguka kapena kupitiliza kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Onerani kanema wonena za kukula kwa petunias. Kufesa mbewu za mbande:

Mwa kudula

Amalola kuti mbewuyo ikule mwachangu kwambiri. Zimatengera kupezeka kwa chomera chokhwima kale. Kuti muchite izi, dulani mphukira zam'mbali za petunia. Ndiye cuttings amatetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo amabzalidwa m'mikapu yaying'ono ndi nthaka yopepuka. Timayika pamalo amithunzi. Musaiwale za kusungunuka kwa nthaka ndi feteleza ndi feteleza amchere. Chifukwa chake, chomeracho chimakonzekera nyengo yozizira. Masika timabzala pamalo otseguka.

Onerani kanema wonena za kufalikira kwa petunias ndi cuttings:

Tikufika zida

• Kuyambitsa.
• Mphamvu yobzala.
• Mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
• Mbande za kubzala.
• Ngalande.
• Manyowa amchere.

Kulima

Kunyumba

1. Kufesa mbewu - timakonzekereratu nthaka, kuyitenthetsa, kutsanulira mu chidebe. Timaika mbewuzo mu chidebe chokhala ndi nthaka yotenthedwa (osaziwaza pansi, mwina sizingatuluke). Timanyowetsa nthaka kuchokera kumwamba. Phimbani nyembazo ndi galasi kapena zojambulazo. Timayika chidebecho pamalo otentha ndi kutentha kwa 22^zaKUCHOKERA.
2. Kusamalira m'masiku oyamba pambuyo kumera - awonekere 5-10 tsiku. Ngati nthaka yauma, imwanire. Kenako, sakanizani zotengera pazenera (kuti ziziziziritsa). Timapuma mpweya nthawi ndi nthawi (kwezani galasi kapena chotsani kanemayo kuti bowa siziwoneka).
3. Kutsika - imachitika pokhapokha ngati mphukira ili ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu. Thirirani nthaka mozama komanso mosamala mbeu iliyonse kuti isiyanitse makapu.
4. Kuumitsa - pang'onopang'ono muchepetse kutentha mpaka pafupifupi 10^zaTimachotsa mbande kwa mphindi 10-15. Timapitiliza kuchita izi kwa masiku angapo, mutha kuwonjezera nthawi yoti mbande zizikhala.
5. Kutsina - timazichita ndi lumo wamba, kutsina mosamalitsa pakukula kwa tsamba lomwe lili pambuyo pamasamba 4 pansipa. Izi zimathetsa kulima kwa petunias kunyumba. Chomeracho chakhwima mokwanira, cholimba ndikukula. Tsopano timatumiza ku miphika, miphika, nthaka.

M'nyumba zosungira

• Kufesa mbewu - timagula mbewu m'sitolo yapadera. Timagula kapena kukonza gawo lathu tokha. Lili ndi peat, mchenga, nthaka. Pukutani zonse bwino ndikutsanulira ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Kusakaniza konyowa kumasungidwa m'mabokosi masiku angapo. Tisanadzaze, timatenthetsa mabokosiwo ndi peroxide kapena potaziyamu permanganate, tisanadzale, kutaya peat ndi fugnicides. Mbewu imafesedwa mu peat, peat wosanjikiza m'bokosi ndi masentimita 2-3 ndipo imakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, timasefa bwino komanso.

  Zofunika! Mbeuzo sizikutidwa ndi nthaka kotero kuti kuunika kumagwere. Timaperekanso kuyatsa kowonjezera.

  Timamera ndi kutentha kwa 22-25^zaC. Chinyezi chofunikira cha mpweya ndi 95-98%; kuti tisamalire, timaphimba mbewu ndi galasi kapena polyethylene. Gawo lapansi siliyenera kuuma, chifukwa chake timathirira madzi opopera. Madzi ayenera kukhala ofunda pang'ono kuposa gawo lapansi. Pambuyo kumera, kutsitsa kutentha mpaka 18-20^zaKUCHOKERA.

• Kutola - timasuntha mbewuzo kukhala makapu. Iwo ali mmenemo mpaka mizu itenge malo onsewo. Poyamba, makapu amakhala pafupi, koma mbande zikamakula, zimayikidwa pambali.
• Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa - mbande zikamizidwa, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti gawo lapamwamba la gawo lapansi lidzauma pakuthirira kwina. Chifukwa chake, makapu amathiriridwa kamodzi patsiku kapena kangapo. Bwino kuthirira m'mawa ndi madzulo. Timaphatikiza zovala zapamwamba ndi kuthirira.

Malamulo osamalira

Petunia chisamaliro sichidzafuna khama kwambiri kuchokera kwa inu. Ndikokwanira kungoyang'anira kuthirira ndikudyetsa mbewu. Muyenera kuthirira muzu wa chomeracho kuti musawononge maluwa osakhwima. Tsiku lotsatira mutatha kuthirira, muyenera kumasula nthaka kuti khola lisamapange. Chotsani namsongole. Dyetsani sabata imodzi mutabzala pansi. Timaphatikiza kuthirira ndi kudyetsa. Timadyetsa ndi feteleza ndi potaziyamu.

Mavuto, matenda ndi tizirombo

Nthawi zina mumatha kukumana ndi vuto monga chikasu kapena kuyanika kwa petunias. Ngati simukutsatira malamulo a chisamaliro, chomeracho chimatha kudwala:

• choipitsa mochedwa;
• chlorosis;
• mwendo wakuda;
• imvi zowola.

Ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala apadera. Koma ndizosavuta kuwaletsa kuti asawonekere ndi chisamaliro choyenera. Ngati malamulowa satsatiridwa, ndiye kuwonjezera pa matendawa, petunia imatha kukhudzidwa ndi matenda amtundu. Palibe mankhwala kwa iwo - chomera chanu chidzafa. Mwa tizirombo, nthata za kangaude, nsabwe za m'masamba, slugs ndi thrips ndizowopsa.

Tsatirani malamulo osavuta osamalira petunias, ndiye kuti simudzadandaula za thanzi komanso kukongola kwa mbewu yanu. Zidzakusangalatsani nthawi zonse ndi maluwa okongola.

Onerani kanemayo: How to Grow Petunias from Seed - Start to Finish. (September 2024).