Nthawi yobzala petunias, momwe mungasankhire nthaka ndi chisamaliro chomwe chomera chimafuna?

Kukula kwa petunia ndikosavuta. Chomeracho chimawoneka chokongola chokha komanso kuphatikiza maluwa ena.

Ndi semi-shrub yokhala ndi maluwa amitundumitundu, yosavuta komanso yovuta.

Mitundu yoyambirira: yoyera, yapinki, yofiirira, yofiira, yofiira. Mitundu ya tchire imasiyananso (ampelous, bush, cascading).

Momwe mungadzalire maluwawa, ndi malamulo ati omwe muyenera kutsatira - tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.

Ndondomeko ndondomeko

Ngakhale petunia ndi wodzichepetsa, palinso zochenjera zina zokula, kubzala ndi kumusamalira. Mfundo zazikulu mukafika:

• Kusankha dothi ndikukonzekera (makina, mankhwala, dothi lachilengedwe, kupopera mankhwala).
• Kusankha mbewu (pogula, ndibwino kuti mutenge mbewu zodula komanso zapamwamba).
• Kubzala kolondola komanso kwakanthawi (njira yabwino kwambiri ndikuwona nthawi yobzala phukusi la mbeu, zimadalira mitundu).
• Zokwanira kukula mbande (Kutentha kwamlengalenga, mphamvu, zinthu zobisalira mbande).
• Kuthirira (kuchuluka, madzi, ma frequency,).
• Zovala zapamwamba (chodyetsa ndi kangati).
• Kufikira pansi (mawu, nyengo, malo, nthaka ndi mphika).

Chenjezo! Zomwe zimakula petunias zimadalira mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Zomwe mukufuna kuti mufike:

1. Mphika wokhala ndi mabowo.
2. Kuyambitsa.
3. Zida zamadzi (zowonjezera dongo, makungwa, miyala, timiyala tating'ono, ndi zina zambiri).
4. Utsi botolo ndi madzi ofunda, okhazikika.
5. Zophimba (makamaka zopumira).
6. Mbewu.

Mudzale liti?

Kawirikawiri duwa limabzalidwa m'malo mwake (m'nthaka kapena mumiphika) cha m'ma June. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kufesa mbande ziyenera kukhala kumapeto kwa February - koyambirira kwa Marichi. Zimatenga pafupifupi masabata 12-13 kuti mbande zikule, kulimba, kupeza mphamvu. Alimi ena amayembekeza kuti maluwa oyamba adzawonekera.

Ngati pali chikhumbo chodzala koyambirira, ndiye kuti mbande ziyeneranso kubzalidwa kale. Chakumapeto kwa Januware koyambirira kwa February. Kenako kubzala kudzachitika mkatikati mwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa Juni.

Zomwe petunia amakonda:

• Nthaka za Loamy.
• Feteleza (ovuta komanso mchere).
• Kutentha ndi kuwala.
• Dzuwa.
• Nthaka yotayirira, yopumira.
• Chinyezi.
• Zambiri (kotero kuti shrub ndi yobiriwira komanso yayikulu).

Zofunika! Musanabzala, ndibwino kuti feteleza nthaka ndi manyowa kapena humus, chifukwa izi zikachitika petunia imakula kwambiri ndipo imamasula kwambiri.

Kukwera nyumba yokhazikika:

• Tsiku lofikira ndi pakati pa Meyi - pakati pa Juni.
• Kulimba kwa mbande kwa milungu iwiri kumafunika musanadzalemo.
• Musanadzalemo, ndibwino kupopera mbande ndi mtundu winawake kuti zisinthe.
• Ndikofunika kuwonjezera panthaka: potaziyamu sulphate, double superphosphate, phulusa.
• Ndikofunika kubzala nyengo ikakhala mitambo, kuti musinthe bwino.
• Kuti musawononge mizu yakutchire, muyenera kusiya mtanda.
• Kukula kwa dzenje lodzala ndikutalika kwa 10 cm ndikutalika 10 cm.
• Mutabzala, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa.
• Pofuna kuteteza mizu yaing'ono, ndibwino kuti muteteze nthaka mutabzala.

Tsopano mukudziwa nthawi yobzala.

Kusankha nthaka ndi mphika

Mphika:

• Iyenera kukhala yayikulu kwambiri. Mutha kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mphika ngati uwu: pamaluwa onse a tchire petunia, malita atatu a nthaka amafunika ndipo, chifukwa chake, mphika wa malita atatu kapena chidebe cha chitsamba chimodzi. Ngati petunia ndi ampelous, ndiye kuti malita 5 a nthaka amafunika pa chitsamba chimodzi. Mitundu ina imafuna mpaka malita 15. malo a chitsamba chimodzi.
• Mphika uyenera kukhala ndi mabowo pansi kuti madzi owonjezera azitha kutuluka pothirira. Komanso kuwonetsetsa kupuma kwa mizu.

Kubzala nthaka:

• Njira yosavuta ndikugula choyambira m'sitolo. Ikhoza kukhala gawo lapansi kapena dothi la petunias. Muthanso kuphika nokha. Chinthu chachikulu ndi acidity. Nthaka ya petunias iyenera kukhala yowonongeka pang'ono (pH 5.5-6.5) kapena yopanda ndale (pH 7).
• Mutha kugula dothi lokhala ndi peat. Onjezerani mchenga, biohumus, ufa wophika.

Malangizo! Kawirikawiri nthaka ya m'munda sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala, imakhala yolemera kwambiri komanso yolimba. Mizu ya chomeracho siyilandira mpweya wokwanira. Chimene chimadzazidwa ndi kuvunda.

Bwanji ngati mutasankha mmera wa nthaka? Nthaka ya mmera ndiyosiyana pang'ono ndi nthaka yazomera zachikulire.

• Iyenera kukhala ndi theka la mchere.
• Iyenera kukhala ndi mchenga (gawo: gawo limodzi la mchenga; magawo asanu ndi limodzi padziko lapansi).
• Iyenera kuthiridwa mankhwala. Kuti muchite izi, imatha kutayika ndi kapangidwe kapadera kapena potaziyamu permanganate.

  Sikulangizidwa kuti muteteze nthaka mu uvuni. Popeza pafupifupi zonse zamoyo zopindulitsa zimafera momwemo.

Njira zobzala

Kudzikonda

Ngati petunia imakula yokha, ikamasula ndikumva bwino, ichi ndi chizindikiro kuti malowa ndi oyenera. Poterepa, ntchito ya mlimi imathandizidwa kwambiri. Palibenso chifukwa chofunira malo obzala petunias, fiddle ndi mbande, ndi zina. Chomeracho chinasankha malo ake, chofesa, ndikukula.

Chokhacho chomwe chikufunika ndi chisamaliro. Zimaphatikizapo:

• Kupatulira.
• Kuthirira.
• Zovala zapamwamba.
• Kumasula nthaka.

Ngati mukufuna, petunias otere amatha kuikidwa m'miphika, miphika kapena zotengera.

Mbewu

Njira yopanda mbewu, ndiye kuti kufesa mbewu mwachindunji pansi kapena chidebe. Momwe mungabzalidwe:

1. Konzani nthaka mofanana ndi kubzala mbande, pewani pang'ono. Nthaka iyenera kuthira umuna ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
2. Pangani ma grooves oyera pafupifupi 1 cm.
3. Bzalani mbewu mofanana pa mzere.
4. Thirani mbewu ndi madzi ofunda ochokera mu botolo la utsi.
5. Phimbani ndi chophimba.
6. Thirani mbewu tsiku lililonse ndi madzi ochokera mu botolo la utsi.
7. Onetsetsani momwe nthaka ilili tsiku lililonse. Sayenera kukhala yonyowa kwambiri kapena youma kwambiri.
8. Mphukira zoyamba zidzawoneka masiku 7-14.
9. Pambuyo pa masamba 3-4, tchire tating'ono timayenera kubzalidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 25-30 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
10. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, mutha kuyamba kudyetsa.
11. Manyowa a nayitrogeni ayenera kusankhidwa asanayambe maluwa. Pambuyo pake - chakudya cha potaziyamu-phosphorus mankhwala.
12. Masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu (5) aliwonse, petunia wamkulu ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza zovuta, komanso kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi zinthu zina.

Mbande

Momwe mungabzalidwe:

1. Kukonzekera zida zadothi ndi mmera. Nthaka ya mbande iyenera kukhala ndi umuna, yotayirira, yokhala ndi mchere komanso mchenga muyezo wa 1: 6. Ndikofunika kuti muteteze nthaka.
2. Kufesa mbewu kwa mbande.
3. Kuwaza mbewu zomwe zafesedwa ndi madzi ochokera mu botolo la utsi.
4. Kumanga mbande ndi zofunda.
5. Mbande ziyenera kupopera tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo nthaka iyenera kuyang'aniridwa tsiku ndi tsiku.
6. Pambuyo pa tsamba lachitatu, mbandezo zimayenera kumizidwa. Ndi kuziyika m'makontena osiyana.
7. Tsopano tikufunika kudikirira mapepala enieni 4-5 kuti awonekere. Pambuyo pake, tchire la petunia limatha kubzalidwa kuti likhale kosatha (mumiphika kapena nthaka).

Chenjezo! Mbande ziyenera kuumitsidwa milungu iwiri musanadzalemo.

Werengani zambiri za zomwe zikukula petunias kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba pano, ndipo kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunzira momwe mungadzalidwe nokha.

Tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungakhalire maluwa ndi petunia.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Maonekedwe achikasu

Ngati mbande zimakhala zachikasu pamwamba, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kusowa kwachitsulo (chlorosis). Mwina mbewu zazing'ono sizimagwiritsa ntchito izi. Chifukwa chachiwiri ndi nthaka yamchere. Poterepa, ndikudulira kokha komwe kungathetse vutoli. Ngati chifukwa chake ndikusowa kwa chitsulo, ndiye kuti chomeracho chizidyetsedwa ndi mankhwala monga: "Ferovit" kapena "Hilat iron". Masamba akakhala achikaso pansi, chomeracho chimatha kusefukira madzi kwambiri kapena kulibe nayitrogeni wokwanira m'nthaka. Poterepa, muyenera kusintha kuthirira, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito feteleza omwe ali ndi nayitrogeni.

Chomeracho chatambasulidwa

Ngati mbande zimatambasula, kukhala ndi mtundu wotumbululuka, kukhala wautali - ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kusowa kwa kuyatsa... Pofuna kukonza vutoli, muyenera:

1. tsinani pamwamba;
2. onjezerani nthaka pakuzama kwa tsinde;
3. perekani zowonjezera.

Poterepa, kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kukhala kopitilira madigiri +25. Kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri kungakhalenso ndi zotsatira zofanana.

Nthaka siyabwino

Kodi petunia ikukula pang'onopang'ono, safuna kuphulika kapena kudwala? Mwina nthaka siimugwirizana naye. Nthaka imatha kukhala: acidic kwambiri kapena yamchere kwambiri, yopanda hygroscopic (madzi osamwa bwino), wandiweyani kwambiri. Zonsezi zingayambitse mizu zowola. Pachifukwa ichi, chomeracho chiyenera kuikidwa m'nthaka yoyenera kupewa matenda kapena imfa ya petunia.

Kusamaliranso

• Thirani petunia tsiku lililonse, makamaka madzulo. Kuthirira kumayenera kukhala koyenera koma kokhazikika.
• Muyenera kuwunika mosamala chinyezi cha nthaka.
• Nthaka iyenera kukhala yotayirira.
• Zovala zapamwamba. Pamaso maluwa - feteleza wa nayitrogeni, mutatha maluwa - potaziyamu-phosphorous. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuwadyetsa ndi phulusa lamatabwa ndi kukonzekera chitsulo (kupewa chlorosis).
• Kudyetsa koyamba kumatha kuyambitsidwa patatha milungu iwiri chomeracho chitaikidwa pamalo okhazikika.
• Kudulira ndikupanga tchire. Ndikofunika kudulira maluwa ndi masamba omwe afota. Izi zidzalimbikitsa mapangidwe atsopano komanso zidzawonjezera petunia pachimake. Ndiponso, chitsamba chokongola chidzapanga.

Kodi mfundo yake ndi yotani? Zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso lokoma petunia ndi: nthaka yoyenera, kuyatsa mokwanira, kudyetsa koyenera, kuthirira moyenera koma kuthirira pafupipafupi. Tsatirani malamulo osavutawa kuti mupeze zotsatira!

Onani kanema wonena za kubzala petunias:

Onerani kanemayo: Waliko Makhala LIVE - Chinafuna mbale (September 2024).