Cactus wopanda minga - Lophophora Williams

Lofofora Williams ndiwofunika kwambiri kwa okonda nkhadze, chifukwa ali ndi mawonekedwe achilendo, komanso ali ndi msuzi.

Madziwo amatha kuchiritsa komanso kusangalatsa thupi la munthu, pokhapokha ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungasamalire mbewu kunyumba.

Lophophora williamsii: malongosoledwe a botanical

Lophophora Williams (dzina lachilatini: Lophophora williamsii), kapena, monga amatchedwanso, peyote, chomeracho chidafotokozedwa koyamba ndi wofufuza mbiri ya Aztec Bernardino de Sahagun m'buku "General History of the Affairs of New Spain" mzaka za m'ma 1570. Mtundu uwu wa cactus unagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Aaborijini kumpoto kwa Mexico ndi kumwera chakumadzulo kwa United States pamiyambo yachipembedzo (werengani zamtundu wa cactus apa).

Woimira banja la cactus ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, osalala pang'ono, pafupifupi 3-4 masentimita, pafupifupi 5-6 masentimita m'mimba mwake, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe owala owoneka ofiira kapena amtundu wabuluu.

Muzu wa nkhadze ndi wokulirapo, nthiti ndizotakata komanso zotsekemera pang'onoolekanitsidwa ndi malo abwino. Palibe minga; kumtunda kwa tsinde, mitolo yoyera kapena imvi imasungidwa (kodi pali cacti yopanda minga?). Maluwawo ndi oyera, otumbululuka pinki, achikasu, mpaka 2 cm m'mimba mwake (tinakambirana za cacti zosiyanasiyana ndi maluwa apinki munkhani ina). Zipatsozo ndizoyala zazitali ndipo zimakhala ndi mbewu zingapo, zimawoneka patatha chaka chimodzi maluwa atayamba maluwa.

Peyote amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana achilengedwe - kuchokera ku Texas ku United States kupita kudera la Queretaro ku Mexico. Komanso, ma cacti awa amapezeka m'malo otsetsereka a mapiri amiyala ku Tamaulipas ndi San Luis Potosi.

Kusamalira kunyumba

• Kutentha.

  Kutentha kwapakati ndibwino kwa peyote, koma 30-40 madigiri Celsius sangaphe chomeracho. M'dzinja, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsitsa kutentha mpaka madigiri 5-10, koma nthawi yomweyo sungani kuunikira kwakukulu.
  Chinyezi chamlengalenga chamtunduwu cha cactus zilibe kanthu.

• Kuthirira.

  M'chilimwe, mukamathirira peyote, m'pofunika kuganizira momwe dothi limakhalira mumphika: dothi likangouma, muyenera kudikirira masiku 1-2 ndikulisungunula. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira nkhadze kuyambira kumapeto kwa Seputembala mpaka koyambirira kwa Marichi.

• Kuyatsa.

  Popeza cactus imakula kuthengo pansi pamthunzi wazitsamba, sikoyenera kuyisiya ndi dzuwa: itha kukhala yofiira ndipo imatha kufa pakapita nthawi. Mawindo oyang'ana kumadzulo kapena kum'mawa ndioyenera.
• Kuyambitsa.

  Poika Lofofra Williams, mutha kugula dothi lokonzedwa bwino lomwe limapangidwira cacti, kapena kukonzekera nokha kusakaniza. Ndikofunikira kuti acidity isapitirire pH 6.6.

  Kuti mukonze nthaka nokha, muyenera kusakaniza:

  1. perlite - magawo awiri;
  2. nthaka ya sod - gawo limodzi;
  3. njerwa tchipisi - 1 gawo;
  4. fupa chakudya - 10 g pa 10 malita a osakaniza.

  Njira yayikulu posankhira dothi ndiyokwanira kuloleza madzi. Dothi lokulitsa, tchipisi ta njerwa, zidutswa zadothi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ngalande.

  Zofunika! Mukamabzala chomera chachikulu, musagwiritse ntchito dothi losakaniza lomwe lili ndi vermiculite, chifukwa kapangidwe kake kamagwa msanga.

• Zovala zapamwamba.

  Kuvala bwino kumachitika bwino nthawi yokula. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wapadera wa cacti, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pakadutsa milungu 1 iliyonse. Ndibwino kuti musiye kudyetsa nthawi yachisanu.

• Kudulira.

  Ngati, mukamabzala nkhadze, kunapezeka kuti mizu yakula kwambiri, ndiye kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tidule. Izi zimafuna:

  1. Chotsani chomeracho mumphika ndikuchotsani clods aliyense wadziko lapansi.
  2. Tengani tsamba lakuthwa, perekani mankhwala ndi mankhwala a potaziyamu permanganate.
  3. Dulani mizu yambiri kuti gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mizu likhalebe.
  4. Fukani makala osweka pocheka ndi kusiya kuti muume.
  5. Magawo akangouma, abzalani mumphika watsopano.
• Mphika.

  Popeza Lofofora Williams ali ndi muzu wofanana ndi mpiru, chidebe chokhazikitsacho chiyenera kukhala chakuya. Makulidwe ake ayenera kupitirira kukula kwa mphika wapitawo osachepera masentimita 3. Poto wa pulasitiki kapena wa ceramic ndioyenera bwino chomerachi.

  Zofunika! Ngati mphikawo udagwiritsidwapo ntchito kumbewu ina, ndiye kuti m'pofunika kuuthira ndi kuthira ndi potaziyamu permanganate.

• Tumizani.

  Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala zitsanzo za achikulire kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula (nthawi zambiri masika), pakadutsa zaka zitatu zilizonse. Zomera zazing'ono (mpaka zaka zitatu) zimalimbikitsidwa kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse.

  Pofuna kubzala nyamayi, muyenera:

  1. Chotsani chomeracho mumphika, chotsani mosamala ndi ma clod. Mbewu ngati kuli kofunikira. Ngati mizu idawonongeka panthawi yochotsa, ndiye muwazani ndi malasha osweka ndikudikirira mpaka malo owonongeka awume pang'ono.
  2. Thirani ngalande pansi pa mphika. Ikhoza kukulitsidwa ndi dothi kapena tchipisi tanjerwa.
  3. Thirani nthaka pansi pa mphika, ikani nkhadze mmenemo kuti muzu uziwoneka molunjika, kuwaza ndi nthaka, pang'ono pang'ono.
  4. Phimbani nkhadze ndi zojambulazo kapena ikani malo ndi chinyezi chambiri. Patatha milungu iwiri kubzala, nyembazo zimayenera kuthiriridwa.
• Nyengo yozizira.

  M'dzinja, pomwe nyengo yozizira idayamba, peyote sathiranso madzi ndikuchotsedwa m'malo ozizira, komwe kutentha kwamlengalenga kumakhala pafupifupi madigiri 5-10. Mukapitiriza kuthirira nkhadze m'nyengo yozizira yozizira, ndiye kuti posachedwa zowola zitha kuwonekera.

Kubereka ndi ana ndi mbewu

Kuti mupeze chomera chatsopano, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphukira (makanda), kapena kubzala mbewu. Kubereka pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu ndiyo njira yosavuta. Njerezo zitha kugulidwa m'sitolo, kuyitanitsa pa intaneti, kapena kudzipezera nokha nkhadze ikatha ndipo zipatso zipse pamenepo. Mutha kubzala cacti nthawi iliyonse pachaka.

Izi zimafuna:

1. Konzani chidebe chachikulu komanso chosaya.
2. Dzazani chidebecho ndi dothi lokhala ndi magawo atatu a dothi lamaluwa ndi gawo limodzi lamchenga wamtsinje wolimba.
3. Pamwamba pa nthaka muyenera kuthiridwa, perekani nyembazo pamwamba ndikukanikiza mopepuka.
4. Phimbani chidebecho ndi pulasitiki ndikuyika pamalo otentha momwe kutentha kwamlengalenga kudzakhala pakati pa 20 mpaka 30 madigiri.
5. Ndikofunika kumera mbewu pamalo omwe kuyatsa kumakhala kosachepera maola 10 patsiku.
6. Pambuyo pa miyezi 1-1.5, cacti imakula ndikulimba, ndipo imatha kuikidwa.

Kuti mufalitse peyote ndi ana, muyenera:

1. M'dzinja, siyanitsani mosamala mayendedwe amthupi la mayi.
2. Tengani chidebe chachikulu ndikudzaza ndi perlite. Ikani ana pa perlite.
3. Awasamalireni ngati cacti wamkulu m'nyengo yozizira. Osathirira.
4. M'chaka, mutakhala ndi mizu, sungani miphika yosatha.

Pachimake

Lofofor Williams (mukutanthauzira kwina kwa Williams) Amamasula nthawi yonse yotentha, kuyambira Juni mpaka Seputembala kuphatikiza... Kawirikawiri kangapo m'nyengo yotentha. Maluwa amawonekera pamwamba pa tsinde, nthawi zambiri amakhala otumbululuka pinki. Pakati pa maluwa, peyote amalimbikitsidwa kuti apange mpumulo wokwanira: osasunthira mphika wamaluwa kumalo ena, kuchepetsa kuthirira, osapanga zovuta.

Ngati nkhadzeyo sikuphuka, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti:

• Malamulo achisanu adaphwanyidwa (kutentha kwambiri kwamlengalenga kapena kuthirira).
• Kuthirira kunali kochuluka kwambiri mchaka ndi chilimwe.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Chomerachi sichitha kulimbana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, ndipo mavuto onse amabwera chifukwa chophwanya malamulo osamalira.

Maluwa ofanana

1. Lofofora imafalikira - ili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, ozungulira masentimita 15, matte pamwamba, maluwa oyera achikasu mpaka 2 cm m'mimba mwake.
2. Lofofora lutea - ali ndi tsinde la chikasu chobiriwira, chofiirira kapena chotuwa, osapitilira masentimita 10. Maluwawo ndi oyera ngati achikasu kapena achikasu owala, osapitilira 3 cm m'mimba mwake.
3. Kubzala lophophora - ili ndi tsinde lakuda lobiriwira, lopanda masentimita 20 m'mimba mwake, ndi nthiti zambiri m'litali mwake. Maluwawo ndi oyera, osapitilira 2 cm m'mimba mwake.
4. Lofofora urchin - ili ndi tsinde lobiriwira, lopanda masentimita 13, lokhala ndi nthiti ndi ma tubercles. Pali ubweya waubweya kumtunda. Maluwa ndi oyera, osapitilira 2 cm m'mimba mwake.
5. Lofofra mescaline - kambuku kakang'ono, kosaposa masentimita 8 m'mimba mwake, wamtundu wobiriwira (onani za cacti zazing'onozi). Pamwamba pake ndi chomazunguliridwa, pamwamba pake pali timatumba tokhala ndi tsitsi loyera.

Tasonkhanitsa zonse zomwe mukufuna kudziwa kuti mukule bwino Lophora m'nkhaniyi.

Chifukwa chake, Lofofora Williams ndi amodzi mwa cacti odzichepetsa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe ndipo amamasula, malinga ndi malamulo osamalitsa, chilimwe chonse, amasangalatsa mwini wake ndi maluwa okongola.

Onerani kanemayo: Sowing Lophophora williamsii Seeds - The Peyote Cactus (September 2024).