Zozizwitsa, kapena chivwende Peperomia
M'munda wanyumba, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza chomera chokhala ndi maluwa okongola komanso masamba amitundumitundu. Ichi ndi chivwende peperomia chomwe chikuwoneka chodabwitsa kwambiri. Kuchokera patali, zimawoneka ngati mavwende ang'onoang'ono amamatira pamphika wamaluwa.
Imakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo imatenga malo pang'ono. Chomera chosadzichepetsa chomwe sichifuna kudulira pafupipafupi ndi miphika yayikulu. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe maluwa okongola awa alili.
Kufotokozera kwa botanical
Zitsamba zazing'onozi ndi za banja la Pepper Piperaceae, lotanthauziridwa ngati tsabola chimodzimodzi. Mwachilengedwe, chivwende cha peperonia chimakula pa:
- pa nthaka yolemera mu peat;
- mbali zowola za zomera;
- makungwa a mitengo;
- tchire.
Dziko lakwawo ndi South America, komwe amakula ngati chomera chophimba pansi. Amapezeka ku India ndi Southeast Asia.
Vwende peperomia amatchedwanso siliva peperomia - Peperomia argyreia. Zosiyanasiyana izi zimawerengedwa kuti ndiimodzi mwazoyimira zokongola za mtundu uwu wa zomera. Masamba ake amizere ndi omwe amakopa kwambiri. Mikwingwirima yosinthasintha ya siliva ndi mtundu wobiriwira wakuda imamupangitsa kufanana ndi chivwende, ndichifukwa chake amatenga dzina ili.
Peperomia chivwende ndi chomera chochepa chokhala ndi tsamba lodziwika bwino, Amakula msinkhu woposa masentimita 12. Masamba ake:
- wachikopa;
- yosalala;
- ovoid;
- mnofu.
Kwa chomera chochepa kwambiri, chimakhala chachikulu, chimatha kutalika masentimita 5-8. Amamera pamitengo yopyapyala yofiirira. Makamaka duwa limamasula nthawi yotentha. Maluwawo samayimira kununkhira kwawo kapena kukongola kwapadera.
Chithunzi
Pansipa muwona chithunzi cha duwa:
Kusamalira kunyumba
Kuti mavwende peperomia asangalatse ndi mawonekedwe ake okongola, amafunikira chisamaliro choyenera.
Kutentha
Ndikofunikira kuti duwa likhale ndi kutentha kotentha munthawi yotentha ya + 20 ° C ... + 22 ° C. M'dzinja ndi dzinja - + 18 ° С ... + 20 ° С. Kutentha kwa nthaka komwe vwende peperomia imakula sikuyenera kutsika pansi pa 17 ° C. Nthaka yofunda ndiyofunikira kuti mizu ikhale yolimba.
Kuthirira
M'nyengo yotentha, chomeracho chimathiriridwa pamene dothi lapamwamba liuma, m'nyengo yozizira - kamodzi pamasabata awiri. Ngati mpweya wamkati ndiwouma kwambiri, muyenera kupopera masamba tsiku lililonse. Vermelon peperomia ili ndi mizu yangwiro, chifukwa chake kuthirira kuyenera kuchitidwa kuchokera kumwamba.
Chomeracho chimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi madzi. Pambuyo kuthirira, muyenera kukhetsa madzi pachimake. Pothirira, amatenga madzi kutentha, ofewa, chifukwa chake amayenera kusefedwa, kuphika kapena kuteteza pasadakhale.
Kuwala
Vwende peperomia ndi yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imafunikira kuyatsa kosiyanasiyana. Amalangizidwa kuti ayikidwe pazenera lakum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. M'nyengo yozizira, kuunikira kwapangidwe kungakonzedwe kubzala.
Zofunika! Zojambula zimasokoneza kukula kwathunthu ndi kukula kwa duwa. Chifukwa chake, m'miyezi yozizira, mafelemu azenera amayenera kutetezedwa.
Kuyambitsa
Chofunikira chachikulu panthaka yamaluwa awa ndi kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe omasuka. Gawo ili liyenera kukhala chinyezi komanso lopumira. Kuti mupeze nthaka yomwe mukufuna, m'pofunika kusakaniza mofanana:
- nthaka ya sod ndi masamba;
- peat;
- humus;
- mchenga wolimba.
Kudulira
Kudula mavwende peperomia ndizotheka, koma zofunika. Chifukwa cha njirayi, kukongoletsa kwa maluwa kumakulirakulira. Zimayamba kufooka. Mphukira zosakhwima ziyenera kudulidwa zikamakula mpaka masentimita 20-25. Mphukira zatsopano ziwiri zimamera m'derali.
Zovala zapamwamba
Manyowa mbewuyo kuyambira kumapeto kwa masika mpaka koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira. Amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza zovuta monga momwe adalembera m'malamulo.
Tumizani
Mpaka zaka zitatu, peperomia yachichepere imayenera kuikidwa chaka chilichonse, ndipo munthu wamkulu - kamodzi zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Njirayi imachitika mu Epulo.
- Gawo loyamba ndikukonzekera gawo lapansi ndikofunikira kukhalapo kwa ngalande. Izi zithandiza kuti madzi asadzadzike pansi. Njerwa zoswedwa kapena dothi lokulitsa limatha kutengedwa ngati ngalande.
- Kenako mphika uyenera kudzazidwa ndi nthaka ndi magawo awiri mwa atatu.
- Bzalani peperomia.
- Kuzamitseni, kuphimba ndi kachigawo kakang'ono.
- Drizzle.
Chenjezo! Palibe chifukwa chodyetsera chomera mutabzala. Pali zowonjezera zokwanira mu gawo lapansi latsopano. Pakadali pano, duwa limasinthasintha ndimikhalidwe yatsopano, feteleza amatha kuwononga.
Mphika
Mphika ndi woyenera chivwende peperomia:
- osaya;
- lonse;
- yaying'ono.
Ndikumuika kulikonse, muyenera kutenga mphika wokulirapo wa 1.5-2 cm wokulirapo.
Nyengo yozizira
M'nyengo yozizira, musapopera mavwende peperomia. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti chipinda chimakhala chofunda, kutentha kwa + 15 ° C chomeracho chimazizira. Kuti mphukira zisatambasuke, duwa liyenera kuwunikidwanso.
Kufalitsa ndi cuttings, chitsamba ndi mbewu
- M'ngululu kapena chilimwe, mutha kufalitsa maluwawo ndi cuttings.
- Ndi mpeni wakuthwa, mphukira imadulidwa, pomwe pamakhala masamba amodzi kapena angapo.
- Kenako amabzalidwa mu gawo lapansi ndikuphimbidwa ndi botolo la pulasitiki.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito rooting, muyenera kuyika pamalo otentha.
- Pambuyo pa masabata atatu, amabzalidwa mumphika wawung'ono.
- Kufalitsa mbewu kumachitika mu Marichi.
- Amadziviika pasadakhale ola limodzi.
- Pambuyo pake, mbewu zimwazika padziko lapansi ndikuwaza pamwamba ndi sentimita imodzi yosanjikiza, ndikuthirira pang'ono. Phimbani chidebecho ndi polyethylene.
- Kuyika kwathunthu kumachitika m'miyezi 1.5-2, pambuyo pake mbewuzo zimabzalidwa.
- Kubereka kumawerengedwa kuti ndi kophweka kwambiri pogawa tchire. Amagawidwa mosamala ndikubzala mumphika wocheperako pang'ono kuposa momwe mumamera mbewu yachikulire.
Za maluwa
Maluwawo amakumbukiridwa chifukwa chowoneka modzidzimutsa, wonyezimira komanso wowonda pakati pa masamba. Amafanana ndi michira ya plantain. Ma inflorescence ena amalowetsedwa ndi ena. Masamba amatuluka mosalala.
Za matenda ndi tizirombo
Kuwonongeka kwa chivwende cha peperomia kumayambitsidwa ndi ma thrips, omwe mphutsi zake zili pansi pamasamba. Kangaude amatha kupezeka ndi pachimake ngati kangaude. Duwa limatha kudwala ndi mizu yowola. Zimayambira ndi masamba amavunda chifukwa cha madzi owonjezera komanso kutentha kwambiri. Matenda osachiritsika ndi kachilombo kakang'ono pamene:
- maluwa samakula;
- masamba ndi opindika;
- kayendedwe ka moyo kasokonekera.
Maluwa ofanana
Pali maluwa ambiri ofanana ndi chivwende cha peperomia.
Peperomia yafota - ichi ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri. Ili ndi masamba obiriwira, chifukwa cha tsinde lalifupi, maluwawo amawoneka okongola komanso osakanikirana.
- Peperomia lilian kunja kofanana ndi maluwa a kakombo. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka ngati mawonekedwe amtima, momwe mitsempha imakhalira ngati itapuma, ndipo mbale yayikulu yatupa pang'ono. Amakhala osiyana kapena amakhala ndi pachimake, zomwe zimawapangitsa kuwala.
- Peperomia yozungulira - chokwawa kakang'ono chomera. Ili ndi mapesi ofiira ofiira komanso masamba ang'onoang'ono ozungulira.
- Peperomia imvi imatha kukula mpaka 0,5 m. Mphukira zazing'ono zimamera mozungulira, pazaka zambiri zimayamba kupachika. Mphamvu ya imvi imapangidwa m'mphepete mwa masamba ndi mphukira.
- Marble peperomia ndi chitsamba chotsika. Masamba ake ndi ozungulira oval. Mtunduwo ndi wa silvery-variegated kapena bulauni-wobiriwira. Mitunduyi imasintha mosavuta kuzipinda.
Chomera monga peperomia chimathandizira mumlengalenga mchipindacho. Florists amakonda chomera ichi chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa. Kukula duwa sikovuta konse. Vwende peperomia imawoneka bwino pakupanga kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Chojambulidwa ndi nkhaniyi ndi kanema wowonera za chivwende peperonia: