Chidwi, nsabwe za m'masamba zawonekera pa maluwa! Zoyenera kuchita ndi momwe ungachitire nazo?

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Maluwa ndi chokongoletsera chachikulu m'mundacho. Mfumukazi yamaluwa imakondedwa chifukwa cha masamba ake abwino komanso fungo lapadera. Komabe, duwa, monga maluwa ena, limatha kugwidwa ndi tizirombo monga nsabwe za m'masamba.

Mitengo yaying'ono iyi imaphimba masamba ndi masamba, ikumayamwa mphamvu kuchokera ku maluwa omwe kale anali okongola. Lero tikambirana za nsabwe za m'masamba komanso momwe tingazichotsere.

Ndi chiyani?

Nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timadyetsa zipatso. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa sitimangokhala tokha, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso timakhala ndi mavairasi ambiri. Ngati simukuchitapo kanthu kuti muchotse nsabwe za m'masamba, m'masabata angapo gulu la tizilombo liziwonjezeka kangapo, ndipo kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri kuwawononga.

Tizilomboto timakonda kukhazikika pansi, pamalo ofewa kwambiri pa tsamba, komanso timakhala pamasamba achichepere ndi masamba.

Kufotokozera

Nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe owulungika kapena ovoid. Makulidwe amthupi amasiyana: kuyambira 0.3 mpaka 4 mm. Thupi la kachilomboka limakutidwa ndi ma oblong tubercles, zophuka, tsitsi lalitali komanso kutalika. Tizilomboti tili ndi masharubu, maso ndi chiputu pamutu pake. Mothandizidwa ndi proboscis, nsabwe za m'masamba zimaboola pamwamba pa tsamba ndikufikira timadziti.

N`chifukwa chake nsabwe za m'masamba amatchedwa tiziromboti woyamwa. Mtundu wa kachilomboka nthawi zambiri umaphatikizana ndi mtundu wa chomeracho.

Pali mitundu yanji?

Pali mitundu pafupifupi 4,000 ya nsabwe za m'masamba, amasiyana mitundu ndi kapangidwe ka thupi, malo okhala komanso zomwe amakonda "kukoma". Mitundu yofala kwambiri m'chigawo chathu:

Rose nsabwe Ndi kachilombo kobiriwira kamene kamakhudza maluwa, ananyamuka m'chiuno, strawberries, mapeyala ndi mitengo ya apulo.
Nsabwe zapakhomo Parasitizes pazomera zilizonse zamkati. Ili ndi mtundu wobiriwira, wofiira, woyera, wakuda.
Msuzi wowonjezera kutentha yodziwika ndi mtundu wobiriwira wachikaso. Amakonda mapichesi, maula, zipatso zamatcheri, mbatata, kabichi, radishes, katsabola, tsabola, zomera zotentha.
Nsabwe za m'masamba - Tizilombo tofiira topanda mapiko. Mitunduyi imafalikira ndipo imakhudza mbatata, tomato, kabichi, ndi zomera zamkati.
Nsabwe za m'masamba ali ndi thupi lamtundu wachikasu kapena wobiriwira. Anthu owononga amatha kuwononga chitsamba cha currant munthawi yochepa.
Mavwende nsabwe - Tizilombo tobiriwira tokhala ndi torso yosongoka. Tiziromboti timakhazikika pa mavwende, mavwende, maungu, nkhaka, mtedza, beets, nthangala za zitsamba, zipatso za zipatso.
Nsabwe za kabichi - tizilombo tobiriwira tomwe timayambitsa radishes, kabichi ndi radishes. Mu kanthawi kochepa, zitha kuwononga zokolola zonsezi.
Mealybug kapena nsabwe zaubweya - kachilombo kokhala ndi thupi lowulungika, loyera ndi zonunkhira zambiri m'mbali. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala makamaka m'nyumba zamkati. Masamba a chomera chomwe chakhudzidwa amakhala ndi pachimake choyera.

Zofunika! Nsabwe za m'masamba zimasiya madziwo, okhathamira pamwamba pamasamba, omwe amakopa mitundu ina ya tizirombo.

Kodi zifukwa za mawonekedwe ake ndi ziti?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha kukula kwa nsabwe za aphid pamaluwa ndi kusowa kwa prophylaxis ndikuwunika pafupipafupi maluwa ndi wolima dimba.

Masamba, mitengo ikuluikulu ndi masamba ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse mchilimwe ngati pali nyerere, mawanga, zikuluzikulu, ndi akulu. Njira zanthawi yake zithandizira kuwonetsetsa kagulu ka aphid.

Kuwonekera ndi kubereka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba am'munda kumathandizidwanso ndi kusapezeka kwa tizilombo todya: ma ladybugs, kafadala, ndi ziwombankhanga.

Duwa lakunyumba limakhalanso ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, monga duwa lanyumba. Nsabwe za m'masamba zimauluka pawindo lotseguka ndikuwononga kukongola kwakunyumba, ndikuyikira mazira.

Momwe mungazindikire?

Mutha kuzindikira kachilomboka poyesa maluwa. Zizindikiro za matenda:

mawanga ofiira kapena akuda amawoneka pamasamba, amapindika ndikusintha chikasu (mutha kuwerenga zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa masamba achikasu pano, ndipo tinafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane m'buku lina zakuda kwamasamba, zimayambira ndi mbali zina za chomeracho);
chomeracho chimakhala chokhazikika kapena pachimake;
masambawo samaphuka ndi kugwa.

Malangizo! Chiwerengero chachikulu cha nyerere ndiye chizindikiro choyamba cha nsabwe za m'masamba. Nyerere zimadyetsa katulutsidwe ka nsabwe za m'masamba, kuziteteza ndikuzithandiza kusamukira kumalo ena, omwe akadali athanzi.

Zotsatira za duwa

Ngati mlimiyo satenga njira yochotsera nsabwe za m'masamba, zotsatira zake zimakhala zosayembekezera:

kugonjetsedwa ndi kupindika kwa mphukira zazing'ono;
kuchepetsa ndi kusapezeka kwathunthu kwa masamba otsegulidwa;
kusowa mphamvu, kusatheka kukula kwina;
mapangidwe, mabala ambiri ndi mabowo pamwamba pa masamba, omwe amakhala malo oberekera ma virus;
kufa kwa chomeracho.

Kodi kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba?

Kudzipatula

Koyamba zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa duwa la nyumba, m'pofunika kudzipatula ku zomera zathanzi.kotero kuti tizilombo sangafalikire kwa iwo. Nsabwe zopanda mapiko zimatha kudumpha maulendo ataliatali mokwanira, ndipo mbalame zamapiko zimauluka momasuka kupita kuzomera zoyandikana nazo. Poto wokhala ndi dothi lomwe ali ndi kachilombo amasamutsidwira kuchipinda china, loggia kapena khonde kuti akwaniritse njira zothetsera nsabwe za m'masamba.

Kutsuka kwachitsamba ndi kuchotsa mphukira

Nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizilombo tofooka ndipo timasambitsa mosavuta pamwamba pa mbewuyo ndi madzi amphamvu ochokera payipi. Njirayi ndi yothandiza makamaka pamene nsabwe za aphid sizinakulebe. Ndikofunika kusamalira tchire ndi madzi oyera kwa masiku angapo motsatizana mpaka tizilombo titawonongeka. Tizilombo tambiri timamira ndikufa, otsalawo amakhala chakudya cha tizilombo tina tomwe timakhala pansi.

Ndibwino kuti muchotse mphukira ndi masamba onse omwe akukhudzidwa musanatulukekuti athetse kuthekera kokufalitsanso nsabwe za m'nkhalango kuthengo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kapena mankhwala azitsamba

Njira za anthu zothana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba:

Kulowetsedwa kwa adyo. Ndikofunika kudula mitu iwiri ya adyo yosasunthika kuchokera ku mankhusu, kutsanulira madzi okwanira 1 litre, ikani kwa tsiku limodzi. Tchire amapopera ndi kulowetsedwa uku, kumvetsera mwatcheru madera omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri, tsiku lililonse mpaka tizilombo timasowa kwathunthu.
Yankho la sopo. Dulani sopo wochapa zovala ndikusungunuka mumtsuko wamadzi. Madzulo, perekani dimba la duwa ndi yankho ili kwa milungu iwiri.
Mkaka. Ndikofunika kusakaniza mkaka ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1:10 ndi kuwonjezera madontho angapo a ayodini. Amakhulupirira kuti kupopera tchire ndi mankhwalawa ndiyo njira yothandiza kwambiri yochotsera nsabwe za m'masamba.
Njira yothetsera fodya yoyenera kukonza chipinda chanyumba. Kuti mukonzekere, muyenera kuthira fodya (makhorka) ndi madzi oyera mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 10 ndi kuwasiya iwo apange kwa masiku awiri. Kenako kulowetsedwa kumaphika kwa maola awiri. Msuziwo umasakanizidwa mofanana ndi madzi ndikupopera masamba ndi masamba a duwa lanyumba.
Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti wothandizirayo salowa mu gawo lapansi kuti asapangitse kufota. Njirayi imachitika katatu komanso pakadutsa masiku 10.

Ngati mankhwala azitsamba amapereka zotsatira zofooka, ndipo nsabwe za m'masamba sizimatha, kukonzekera kwamankhwala kumathandiza:

Fufanon - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zomwe zimapangidwira, zomwe zimalowa mu nsabwe za m'masamba kudzera mu proboscis, zimayambitsa ziwalo ndi kufa kwa tizilombo. M`pofunika kuchepetsa 1 ampoule (5 ml) mu 1-2 malita a madzi. Maluwa am'munda amayenera kupopera nyengo yowuma, yamtendere, kubweretsa 1.5 malita a yankho kwa malita 10.
Maluwa amkati amathandizidwa panja kapena pamalo opumira mpweya wabwino.
Aktara - zokhudza zonse m'matumbo tizilombo. Chinthu chogwira ntchito chimalowa m'masamba, ndiye, pamodzi ndi msuzi wa chomera, umalowa m'thupi la aphid. Pochizira zomera zamkati, m'pofunika kutha 1 g wa mankhwala mu 1.25 malita a madzi ofunda. Njira yothetsera mavutowa imapangidwira kupopera masamba komanso kuthirira.
Mukapopera mbewu, mankhwalawa amachita milungu inayi, akaulowetsedwa muzu - mpaka miyezi iwiri. Popera maluwa a m'munda, muyenera kupasuka 4 g wa mankhwala mu malita 10 a madzi ofunda.
Fitoverm - tizirombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timagwira nsabwe za m'masamba, zomwe zimafika pamizere ya thupi komanso mkati mwa thupi kudzera mu proboscis. Pofuna kuchiza mbewu zam'munda, sungunulani 8 ml ya mankhwala mu madzi okwanira 1 litre ndikupopera masamba ndi masamba nthawi yokula ndi maluwa.
Pochizira zomera zamkati, onetsani 2 ml wa mankhwalawo mu 250 ml ya madzi ndikuupopera poyambira nsabwe.

Kupewa: kodi ndizotheka kupewa kupatsiranso matenda ndikuchotsa tizirombo?

Pofuna kuteteza duwa kumatenda atsopano, malangizo otsatirawa ayenera kuwonedwa:

Kamodzi pa sabata, yang'anirani masamba ndi masamba apansi kuti muzindikire tiziromboti ndi mazira awo.
Kamodzi pamwezi, perekani maluwa ndi madzi kapena sopo.
Chotsani mphukira zodwala ndi zofooka, masamba osowa, masamba owuma munthawi yake.
Limbikitsani tizilombo ndi mbalame kuti tizikhala m'munda wamaluwa pobzala mbewu zonunkhira pafupi ndi maluwa: lavender, marigolds, tansy, thyme, calendula, katsabola, parsley, fennel, kaloti. Mbewuzo zimawopseza nsabwe za m'masamba komanso zimakopa tizilombo tomwe timadya nsabwe za m'masamba: ma ladybirds, hoverflies, weevils, lacewings, ground beetles.

Aliyense amasangalala ndi mawonekedwe abwino a maluwa, masamba obiriwira ndi maluwa owala, koma posamalira maluwa, nthawi zina mumakumana ndi matenda azirombo ndi tizirombo, zomwe zowopsa kwambiri ndi kangaude. Komanso patsamba lathu mutha kudziwa momwe mungasungire duwa ngati lidzauma kapena kufota, ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa izi.

Nsabwe za m'masamba ndi kachilombo koopsa kamene kangathe kuwononga duwa lokongola ngati duwa m'milungu ingapo. Njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ku nsabwe za m'masamba ndikuteteza kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowerengera tizilombo. Mankhwala ndi othandiza kwambiri kupha nsabwe za m'masamba, koma samangovulaza tizilombo kokha, komanso chomeracho.

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