Momwe mungamvetsetse chifukwa chake nkhadze imakhala yachikaso, ndipo kodi ndi yoopsa?
Cactus sangatchedwe chomera chopanda chidwi, koma imafunikanso chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro kuchokera kwa wolima.
Popanda chisamaliro choyenera, duwa limasiya kufalikira, limayamba kukhala lachikasu. Kwenikweni, zifukwa zachikasu za cactus zimakhala m'malo osamangidwa: kusowa kwa michere, kusintha kwaulimi wothirira.
Kutsata kokha malamulo onse okonza ndi kupewa kwakanthawi kungalepheretse chikasu. Ngati izi zachitika kale, ganizirani zoyenera kuchita ndi nkhadze.
Kodi izi zimachitika liti?
Nthawi zina, chikasu chimakhala chabwinobwino. Mwachitsanzo, ndi zaka, cacti amakonda kuphimbidwa ndi cork... Komabe, amatembenukira chikasu pansi pa tsinde. Ngati mulibe zilonda m'dera lino la chomeracho, sizikhala zofewa - palibe chifukwa chodandaulira (chochita ngati cactus yasanduka yofewa?).
M'nyengo yozizira, nkhadze imathanso kukhala yachikasu. Izi ndichifukwa chakusowa kwa kuyatsa, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira iyi ndi njira yachilengedwe. Mutha kubwezera zokongoletsera ku duwa mwakutsitsa kutentha, kuchepetsa njira yothirira ndikuyiyika pamalo owala bwino.
Chifukwa chiyani chomera chimatha kukhala chachikaso pansi?
Nthawi zina cacti amasintha mtundu pazifukwa zomwe sizingatchulidwe zachizolowezi.
"Osazolowera" dzuwa cactus imatha kuwotchedwa mosavuta akakumana ndi kunyezimira... Madzi akafika pamaluwa (makamaka ozizira), amatha kuthana ndi mawanga abulauni komanso achikasu. Cactus imatha kukhala yachikaso chifukwa chazithunzi, komanso kuperewera kwa michere m'nthaka.
Cactus pazifukwa zina amasintha utoto kuchokera pansi, pamwamba pa khosi la muzu, izi sizikhala bwino. Ngati nthawi yomweyo tsinde likucheperako kapena ngati duwa lisintha kukhala lachikaso mbali imodzi, ndipo mbali inayo lakutidwa ndi mawanga akuda, izi zikutanthauza kuti muzu watsanulidwa ndi madzi, ndipo kuwonongeka kukuchitika. Tsoka ilo, ndizosatheka kupulumutsa duwa.
Zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli
Kudziwa chifukwa chake maluwawo asanduka achikasu kuchokera pansi kapena kwina kulikonse kumakhala kosavuta kusankha zoyenera kuchita pankhaniyi.
Kuvala pamwamba kumafunika
Kuti chitukuko chamtundu wapamwamba, cactus imafunikira:
- potaziyamu;
- nayitrogeni;
- phosphorous;
- kashiamu.
Makamaka, mphukira amataya mtundu wake wabwinobwino chifukwa chosowa potaziyamu... Izi zimathandizanso pa:
- kukula bwino;
- linga la cacti;
- kumalimbitsa chitetezo chawo.
Zofunika! Potaziyamu imachepetsedwa ndi calcium, chifukwa chake, muyeso uyenera kuwonedwa mu kuchuluka kwa zinthu izi.
Kotero, podyetsa timafunikira mchere:
- potaziyamu;
- calcium;
- nayitrogeni;
- ndi phosphorous.
Feteleza amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula kwa cacti. Ndizoletsedwa kutidyetsa duwa logona kapena duwa lomwe lili ndi mizu yowonongeka! Komanso, musabereke feteleza nthaka mukangobzala ndikukhwimitsa nkhadze.
- Idzathandiza maluwa ndi kuthirira ndi yankho pofufuza zinthu. Mchere umasungunuka m'madzi ofunda owiritsa, osungunuka kapena amvula (kutentha kuyambira 30 mpaka 35 ° C). Njira yothetsera vutoli iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi nkhadze masana kapena madzulo, makamaka nyengo yamvula.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa musanathirire komanso mukatha kuthirira. Tsiku limodzi mutadyetsa, m'mawa ndi madzulo, perekani nkhadze ndi madzi.
Ndibwino kuti mupange kudzidyetsa nokha... Akatswiri samalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza zopangidwa kale, popeza zili ndi nayitrogeni wambiri. Yankho lothandiza kwambiri la nkhadze likhala yankho polemba izi:
- potaziyamu - 38%;
- phosphorous - 16%;
- nayitrogeni - 5.6%.
Kusakaniza kopangidwa ndi nyumba ndi zotsatirazi kumathandizanso:
- 2.5 malita a madzi;
- 0,5 g wa calcium sulphate;
- 1 g wa potaziyamu nitrate;
- 0,25 ga chitsulo sulphate;
- 0,25 ga superphosphate.
Kwa madzi okwanira 1 litre, muyenera kumwa 1 g wa izi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira cacti nawo koyambirira kwamasika, kamodzi pamlungu kwa mwezi umodzi.
Zomera zikalowa nyengo yamaluwa, zimamera ndi potaziyamu phosphate (1 g wa potaziyamu pa lita imodzi yamadzi).
Mukufuna kumuika panthaka ina
Ngati nkhadze yakula kwa nthawi yayitali mumphika wokhala ndi gawo lomwelo, imatha kufota, m'mbuyo kukula, kutaya kusinthasintha ndi mtundu wa khungu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi nthawi yokhazikitsira duwa mu nthaka yatsopano.
Kuti muchotse nkhadze mumphika popanda kuwononga manja anu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zipani zapadera. Ndi oyenera zitsanzo zazing'ono. Cacti yayikulu imakulungidwa mu nyuzipepala yopindidwa kapena mphira wa thovu kangapo.
Kugwira duwa motere, muyenera:
- tembenuzani mphikawo ndikugogoda pansi pake;
- Chomera chotsuka ndikachotsa dothi, yeretsani bwino mizu ku dothi lakale;
- ndiye kuti nkhadze "ipumule" pamalo otentha mu chidebe chopanda kanthu kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri.
Pakudzipangira nokha, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lokonzedwa bwino la cacti ndi zokometsera.... Kusakanikako kumatha kukonzedwanso ndi manja: onjezerani gawo limodzi la miyala yoyera ndi mchenga wolimba ku gawo limodzi la nthaka yachilengedwe.
Mphika watsopano uyenera kukhala waukulu masentimita angapo kuposa wakale uja.
- Thankiyo imadzaza koyamba ndi ngalande yadothi kapena miyala.
- Kenako dothi laling'ono limatsanuliridwa pamwamba.
- Poika nkhadze pakati, mizu imayenera kugawidwa mozungulira bwalo.
- Kenako mphikawo umadzaza ndi dothi.
- Ngati mukubzala mtundu winawake waukulu, muyenera kuphwanya nthaka ndi manja anu, ndikutsanulira mwala wosanjikiza kapena dongo lokulitsa pamwamba.
Zofunika! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira cacti mukangobzala. Izi zitha kuyambika patadutsa milungu iwiri kapena itatu.
Cactus iyenera kukhala masiku angapo oyamba m'malo achithunzi.
Kutenthedwa
M'chilimwe, cacti imalekerera ngakhale kutentha kwambiri.... Koma m'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kopitilira madigiri 15 sikofunikira kwa iwo. Zomera zimatenthedwa ndipo zimayamba kutuluka nthawi, zimapunduka ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachikasu.
Pofuna kuti nkhadze zizitha kugwiranso ntchito bwino, kuyambira kumapeto kwa Okutobala mpaka Marichi zimayenera kusunthidwa kuchipinda chozizira. Khonde lotentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha ndioyenera. Cactus ikakhala m'chipinda chochezera ndikuyimirira pawindo, kuyandikira kwa batri lotentha kumawononga. Chifukwa chake, duwa liyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi galasi momwe lingathere, ndipo limatha kuzunguliridwa ndi chipinda chofunda chokhala ndi chidebe chachikulu cha pulasitiki kapena magawano amakanema.
M'chilengedwe chawo, cacti nthawi zambiri amakhala "ozizira" usiku.... Chifukwa chake, popewa kutenthedwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwapopera - ngakhale osati usiku, koma m'mawa.
Matenda a virus
- Matenda ofala kwambiri a cactus ndi epiphyllum mosaic. Chomera chodwalacho chimakhala ndi malo obiriwira achikasu komanso owala opanda malire omveka bwino, omwe amafalikira kuchokera m'mbali mpaka pakati pa tsinde.
- Pamalo achiwiri pofala - matenda a "jaundice" a nthawi yayitali, omwe amatha kutulutsa chomeracho kwazaka zambiri. Chikondi chimayambira pansi pa tsinde ndikukwawa. Nthawi yomweyo, nkhadze imasiya kufalikira.
Mofanana ndi epiphyllum mosaic, "jaundice" sichitha. Njira zopezera chitetezo kumatenda opatsirana mulibe.
Werengani zambiri za matenda ndi tizirombo zomwe zingawononge chomera ndi momwe mungatetezere nkhadze zomwe mumakonda pano.
Kodi ndikofunikira kupatula maluwa achikaso kuchokera kuzomera zina?
Cacti yomwe imawonetsa zizindikiro za matenda a ma virus iyenera kulekanitsidwa ndi zomera zathanzi. Akukhala kwayekha ndikuyang'aniridwa. Ngati mtundu wa matendawa watsimikiziridwa, zitsanzozi ziyenera kuwonongedwa... Sangachiritsidwe, ndipo chiwopsezo chotenga maluwa athanzi ndi chachikulu kwambiri.
Pomwe cactus imasanduka wachikasu chifukwa cha kutentha kosayenera kapena kuwonongeka kwa nthaka, kupatula ena sikuyenera. Maluwa oterewa saopseza zomera zina.
Kupewa
Pofuna kupewa chikasu cha nkhadze, muyenera kuyisamalira bwino.... Mwanjira:
Chinyezi chokhazikika panthaka.
- Kufika panthaka yosabala.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mavalidwe mopanda malire.
- Njira zodzitetezera (nthawi 2-3 pa nyengo).
- Kuyendera tsiku ndi tsiku pamutuwu:
- kusintha kwa mitundu;
- mawonekedwe, madontho, zowola, ndi zina zambiri.
- Kuchotsa kwakanthawi maluwa ouma osabereka.
- Kuletsa kuthirira m'nyengo yozizira.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mungapange mbewa zabwino kwambiri za nkhadze, kutsatira njira yothirira, ndikupatsanso "mpumulo" m'nyengo yozizira, maluwa okhwimawa amakhala nthawi yayitali komanso mosungika m'nyumba mwanu. Kuphatikiza apo, imakusangalatsani nthawi zonse ndi mitundu yowala.