Mfumukazi yamaluwa ndi maluwa a tiyi. Kufotokozera ndi zithunzi za mitundu, mawonekedwe a kukula kunyumba

Mwinamwake, aliyense wamaluwa kamodzi pa moyo wake ankachita nawo ulimi wa maluwa a tiyi. Maluwa osakhwima amatha kukongoletsa munda uliwonse, ndipo kapangidwe kake kamakhala mankhwala achilengedwe kwa anthu. Tiyi ananyamuka, dzina lina - maluwa onunkhira, ndi a mtundu wa Rosehip, banja ndi pinki. Malinga ndi mtundu wamakono, mitundu, omwe adayambitsa ndi Rosa odorata, amaphatikizidwa kukhala kalasi yamaluwa a tiyi ndi matope awo. Tikuuzani za kukula kwa duwa lakumaso, mawonekedwe osamalira, onetsani chithunzi

Ndi chiyani icho?

Kufotokozera zamitundu yazomera ndizotsatira:

• Amphamvu, zimayambira zimayambira.
• Kutalika bwino Mphukira.
• Maluwawo ndi akulu, awiri. Amatha kukhala osakwatiwa komanso osonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence (mpaka zidutswa 6).
• Maluwa onse amakhala ndi masamba 60 ndipo amatha kukhala masentimita 10 m'mimba mwake.

Mbiri ya tiyi idadzuka ku Europe imayamba m'zaka za zana la 19, komwe adabwera kuchokera ku China ndi zombo limodzi ndi tiyi. Mafuta onunkhira, okumbutsa mitundu ina ya tiyi waku China, adatcha maluwawo osakhwima. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, dzina la maluwa a tiyi linaperekedwa mwachindunji ndi mawonekedwe a duwa, lofanana ndi mbale... Mwa zina, chakumwa chokoma modabwitsa chimachokera kuzomera zosiyanasiyana.

Makhalidwe ambiri amtunduyu

• Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zodziwika bwino za tiyi wa tiyi ndikumatha kwake kwamaluwa mosalekeza komanso maluwa apamwamba.

  Kukula kwa fungo kumadalira kachulukidwe ka mphukira komanso kuwala kwa mtundu wa masambawo.

• Mankhwala chifukwa cha mafuta ambiri ofunikira, pectin ndi antibacterial zinthu.
• Zomera zimakhala ndi thermophilic, mitundu yambiri yamaluwa tiyi silingalolere chisanu ndipo imakonda malo otseguka.

Palinso maluwa ofanana ndi maluwa a tiyi.... Zonsezi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa minga ndi maluwa akulu awiri ofanana ndi rosebud (ndi maluwa otani omwe alibe minga?).

Izi zimaphatikizapo:

• Ranunculus.
• Wachizungu ananyamuka, hibiscus.
• Eustoma.
• Begonia.
• Mitundu ina ya geraniums.
• Gardenia.
• Hellebore.

Zamoyo za shrub

Kutalika kwa chitsamba chimadalira pazinthu zambiri.... Mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi izi:

• Makhalidwe a nthaka ndi nyengo.
• Zaka zakutchire palokha.
• Njira yofalitsa ya Rose.

Kusamalira bwino tchire la rose kumakonzanso.... Njirayi iyenera kuchitika mchaka, mutachotsa chovalacho.

1. Lingaliro la "kukonzanso" limaphatikizapo kudulira zitsamba, kuchotsa mphukira zochulukirapo.
2. Gawo lotsatira ndikudula khungwa pamakhola amtchire. Izi zithandizira kuti mizu yatsopano ipange pamalo obowolera, omwe amalimbitsa kwambiri mizu yomwe ilipo.
3. Ndikofunika kuti tchire tchire tiziwerenso kuti tiwapatse nthawi ndi nthawi. Mwachidziwitso, zikuwoneka ngati izi - zimayambira zonse zimadulidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 20 kuchokera ku kolala yazu ya tchire, mizu imamasulidwa pansi. Pochita izi, muyenera kuchotsa tchire la odwala ndi ofooka mphukira. Ndiye feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito (simuyenera kuthira feteleza osati malo okhawo okonzedweratu kubzala tchire, komanso kuthira mizu mu yankho ndi feteleza).
4. Pambuyo pazinthu izi, duwa limabzalidwa m'malo atsopano. Gawo lomaliza la kukonzanso mbewu, ndikofunikira kupanga kuchuluka kwa mafupa, mafinya akhungu amachotsedwa.

Mitundu yotchuka ndi mitundu

Pakadali pano, mitundu yamitundu ya tiyi yomwe imakonda kwambiri ku Russia ndi floribunda, grandiflora, komanso mitundu ya tiyi wosakanizidwa.

Floribunda ndi maluwa ofalikira kwambiri omwe amadziwika ndi maluwa osatha nyengo yonseyi. Makolo a mitunduyo anali tiyi, polyanthus ndi muscat maluwa. Kuchokera ku maluwa a tiyi, zitsambazi zidatenga maluwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo oimira polyanthus adasunthira chitetezo chokwanira ndikulimbana ndi kuzizira kwa mitunduyo. Kusiyana kokha pakati pa floribunda ndi mitundu ya tiyi wosakanizidwa ndikumapitirira maluwa (werengani zambiri za mbiri yakukula ndi mawonekedwe amaluwa a tiyi wosakanizidwa pano). Kwa ma hybridi, maluwa ngati mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe.

Grandiflora ndi njira yowolokeranso potengera mitundu ya tiyi wosakanizidwa. Maluwa amtunduwu siobiriwira ngati maluwa a floribundas, koma siotsika kwa iwo mwa kukongola.

Mitundu yake ndi iti?

Zomera zamtunduwu zidatenga zabwino kwambiri kuchokera kwa makolo awo - mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kukula ndi mtundu wa duwa, zidawathandiza kuti apambane malo kumbuyo kwa ziwembu. Maluwa a tiyi atha kukhala olimba; lilac, lalanje, wachikaso, woyera, wofiira, pinki, ndi bicolor. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yokhotakhota m'mbali mwa masambawo ndi yotchuka. NDI tchire lina limatha kusintha utoto maluwawo akamamasula!

Mutha kudziwa zambiri zamithunzi ya maluwa, komanso kuwona zithunzi zawo, apa.

Chithunzi

Pachithunzipa m'munsimu, mutha kuwona momwe maluwa okongola a tiyi wamkati amaonekera.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji chomera mukamagula?

Mtundu wa dimba lanu mwachindunji umadalira kusankha mbande. Kuti musakhumudwe pogula, muyenera kutsatira malamulo osavuta.:

• Ganizilani za komwe tchire lidzakula.
• Ndi bwino kugula mbande muzipinda zapadera.
• Mizu ya mmera iyenera kukhala yopangidwa bwino komanso yamtundu wakuda.
• Ndikofunika kugula mmera wa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri wokhala ndi zimayambira zingapo komanso masamba osagona. Kukula masamba ndi chifukwa chomveka chokana kugula.
• Mbande m'mitsuko ndiyabwino, sizikhala zovulaza mizu.

Kufika

Kusankha njira

Kubereketsa maluwa kumachitika m'njira ziwiri - mbewu ndi zamasamba.

Seminal

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pantchito ya obereketsa kuti apange mitundu yatsopano. Zimasiyana pakatalika, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimatenga zaka zingapo kuchokera kubzala mbewu mpaka pomwe maluwawo amamasula.

Zamasamba

Njirayi ikuphatikizapo:

1. Zodula.
2. Kubereka mwa kuyala.
3. Kugawidwa kwa tchire.
4. Kubereka pomamatilitsa.

Ubwino waukulu wofalitsa masamba ndi zotsatira zotsimikizika.

Chomeracho chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe onse a amayi omwe adadzuka.

Kukonzekera kwa nthaka

Makamaka, malo omwe asankhidwa kuti abzalidwe ayenera kutsukidwa bwino namsongole... Kenako, muyenera kukumba nthaka. Kukula koyenera kukumba ndi masentimita 40-50. Malamulo onse ndikuti nthaka ikafika poipa kwambiri, imafunika kukumba mozama.

Zovuta za kubzala maluwa:

• Tsinde liyenera "kumizidwa" m'nthaka osachepera 5 cm.
• Kuthirira madzi ambiri mukangobzala kudzathandiza mmera kukhazikika pamalo atsopano.
• Pambuyo pokweza madzi, duwa liyenera kuunjikidwa bwino ndipo mthunzi uyenera kulengedwa ndi 20-25 cm kwa sabata limodzi.
• Mutabzala, nthaka iyenera kusungunuka masiku atatu kapena atatu.

Kusankha mphika

Njira yayikulu posankhira mphika ndi m'mimba mwake... Iyenera kupitilira kwambiri kukula kwa mizu yazomera. Mfundo yachiwiri yofunikira ndi dongosolo la ngalande. Ngati mulibe mabowo mumphika wothira madzi ochulukirapo, chomeracho chidzaola msanga.

Ngati mabowo mumphikawo ndi akulu kwambiri, amayala pansi ndi miyala kapena miyala.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji kunyumba?

Mikhalidwe yomangidwa

Musathamangire kukaika mbewuyo mumphika watsopano, pamafunika nthawi kuti muzolowere chilengedwe chatsopano. Kutentha kokwanira kwa duwa sikuyenera kupitilira madigiri 26... Chizindikiro ichi chikapitilira, chomeracho chimayamba kuthyola masamba ake. Kuchepetsa kutentha kochepa - kwa rosi ndi madigiri 15 Celsius. Ngati kutentha kutsika pansi pamphika, bweretsani mnyumbamo. Maluwawo amakhudzanso kwambiri mtunda kuchokera kuzinthu zotenthetsera.

Kuthirira

Kutsirira kumachitika kutengera nyengo. M'chilimwe - kawiri pa tsiku, m'mawa ndi madzulo, m'nyengo yozizira - kutengera kuwuma kwa nthaka. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa limafuna kupumula.

Iyenera kupopera nthawi ndi nthawi, kuthirira kumachitika masiku asanu ndi awiri (5) aliwonse. Madzi amafunikanso kwambiri - duwa silingayamikire madzi apampopi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zodetsa zosiyanasiyana.

Gwiritsani ntchito madzi oyera kapena madzi amvula. Pambuyo pa mphindi 30-40 mutathirira, madzi ochulukirapo kuchokera pachimake ayenera kukhetsedwa, apo ayi nthaka imatha kuwawa msanga.

Zovala zapamwamba

Kwa duwa, nthawi yabwino feteleza ndi nthawi yachaka. ndipo imapitilira mpaka koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamchere komanso organic. Ayenera kusinthana wina ndi mnzake. Manyowa duwa kamodzi pa masiku 10.

Mulimonsemo simuyenera kuthira duwa nthawi yomweyo mutabzala ndikazizira. Izi zitha kupha chomeracho. Manyowa aliwonse ayenera kuchitika madzulo.

Kudulira

Kudulira ndikofunikira kwambiri panyumba yamaluwa, kumathandizira kukulitsa ndi maluwa ambiri azomera. Koma, malamulo oyambira ayenera kutsatiridwa:

• Gwiritsani ntchito zida zakuthwa zokha.
• Chidacho chiyenera kutsukidwa musanagwiritse ntchito.
• Magawo atsopano ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi zida zoteteza.

Maluwa amkati amadulidwa pafupi ndi masamba momwe angathere.popanda kuwawononga. Nthawi yodulira maluwa amkati ndiyofunikanso - molawirira kwambiri, kapena mochedwa kwambiri njirayi idzatha chomera. Nthawi yabwino ndiyotsatizana nthawi yonseyi.

Tumizani

Maluwa amaikidwa molingana ndi chiwembu chachikale - mphika umasankhidwa wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa wakale, ndipo duwa limasunthidwira kumalo atsopano. Poto sayenera kukhala wokulirapo - izi zitha kuyambitsa nthaka.

Pachimake

Ngati chomeracho chikukhutira ndi chinyezi komanso malo omwe chimamera, maluwawo amakhala ochuluka komanso aubweya. Koma zimachitikanso - kenako olima maluwa amadabwa kuti achite chimodzimodzi?

Nawa malangizo:

• Ngati duwa silikuphuka, limbani mumphika watsopano.
• Dulani chitsamba kwathunthu.
• Sinthani malo omwe duwa limaima, kungakhale koyenera kusintha kuyatsa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya.
• Ikani mavalidwe apamwamba.

Kubereka

Njira yabwino yofalitsira maluwa ndi kudula. Ndi bwino kuzigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yachilimwe. Kutalika kumatenga 10-15 cm, mutadula? zomwe ziyenera kuikidwa nthawi yomweyo m'madzi. Onetsetsani kuchuluka kwa masamba omwe ali pachiwongolero - payenera kukhala osachepera atatu. Kenako chidebecho chodulidwa chimayikidwa pamalo otentha ndikusiya masabata 3-4. Mizu ikayamba kuwonekera, imabzalidwa m'nthaka yapadera.

Rose ndi imodzi mwazomera zokongola komanso zotchuka. Maluwa okondeka awa ndi mphatso yabwino, yokongoletsa kunyumba kapena m'munda. Werengani zida zathu pakulima, kusamalira ndi kufalitsa Empress Farah, Rugosa, Double Delight, Cordesa, Abraham Derby, Agangement, Chippendale, Kenya, Lady of Shallot ndi Graham Thomas.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Nthawi zambiri, maluwa amenyedwa:

• Powdery mildew.
• Dzimbiri.
• Kangaude.
• Thrips.
• Aphid.

Powdery mildew imadziwonetsera yokha pachimake choyera pamasamba ndi zimayambira... Zikuwoneka pakakhala kusowa kwa mpweya wabwino kapena fetereza wambiri panthaka. Kuti muchiritse chomeracho, madera omwe akhudzidwa ayenera kuchotsedwa, enawo ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi kukonzekera kwapadera (foundationol, cumulus).

Dzimbiri limakhalanso chifukwa chosasamalira mokwanira. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa chisamaliro choyenera ndikuchotsa madera omwe akhudzidwa mwachangu.

Zifukwa zowonekera kwa tizirombo pa duwa lanyumba ndizofala pamitundu yonse - chinyezi chochepa komanso kuchuluka kwa mbewu. Mankhwalawa amachitidwa molingana ndi chiwembu chomwecho - chomeracho chiyenera kutsukidwa, chinyezi cha mlengalenga chikuwonjezeka ndipo duwa limayikidwa ndi phytoverm yankho.

Ananyamuka tiyi ndi imodzi mwanjira zopambana kwambiri pakupanga masamba... Ndipo chidziwitso chomwe mwapeza m'nkhaniyi chikuthandizani kupewa zolakwika pakukulitsa ndikupatsani mwayi wokula chomera cholimba, chathanzi.

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