Matenda ndi tizirombo ta basamu. Kodi kuchiritsa chomera?

Kukula msanga, maluwa okongola komanso nyengo yayitali yamaluwa - basamu amayenera kuphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazomera zabwino kwambiri zamkati.

Ma inflorescence owala, okhudza kukongoletsa amakongoletsa zenera, ma loggias ndi madera onse.

Nthawi zina, mafuta a basamu amatha kugwidwa ndi matenda owopsa kapena tizilombo todwalitsa. Kuopsa kwa duwa ndi kotani? Kodi kuzindikira ndi kuletsa tizirombo?

Bzalani Mwachidule

Mafuta a basamu ndi osatha, wokhala ndi tsinde lokhazikika ndi masamba ofota mano. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa chitsamba ndi masentimita 50, kutalika kwa tsamba ndi masentimita 8 mpaka 12. Ma inflorescence ali mu axils a chomeracho, mthunzi wawo umasiyana (kuchokera ku pinki wosakhwima mpaka kufiyira kofiira).

Maluwa a basamu ali ndi maluwa awiri. Pakutha nyengo yamaluwa, chipatso chimapangidwa - bokosi lokulirapo, lomwe limakhala ndi masamba asanu opindika.

Zolemba! Pakangogwira bokosilo, limatseguka ndipo mbewu zimachotsedwa mwamphamvu. Pachifukwa ichi, chomeracho chimatchedwa Kusapirira.

Maluwa atali akufotokozera dzina lina la basamu - Ogonyok. M'mayiko osiyanasiyana, mitundu iyi ilinso ndi mayina osiyanasiyana: Wodzipereka Lisa ku Germany, Vanka-wet ku Russia.

Kutengeka kwa matenda

N'chifukwa chiyani mafuta a basamu amadwala matenda osiyanasiyana? Chifukwa chachikulu ndichokonda chomera. Masamba ake ndi masamba ndi 50% madzi. Shrub imakonda nthaka ndi mpweya wabwino. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumapangitsa mulingo woyenera kubereka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizirombo.

Mafuta a basamu amkati amatha kudwala matenda monga downy mildew. Zina mwazifukwa zakukula kwake ndi chisamaliro chochepa, kutentha pang'ono, kuthirira kochulukirapo (chinyezi kuchokera m'nthaka sichikhala ndi nthunzi).

Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha bowa wowopsa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa m'mimba ndi chinyezi, patatha masiku 2-3 chitsamba chathanzi chimayamba kufota (masambawo amakhala ndi pachimake choyera, kenako amatembenuka ndikuda). Njira yolimbana ndi mankhwala a fungicide. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Bactofit, madzi a Bordeaux, Vitaros.

Mafuta a Basamu amatenganso ndi matenda otsatirawa.

1. Kuvunda imvi. Zizindikiro zake ndi zofiirira, imvi pachimake pamasamba ndi tsinde. Matenda amayamba ndi mabakiteriya ochokera ku nthaka kapena madzi owonongeka. Zowonjezera zowopsa ndikumazizira kwa tchire, madzi ozizira othirira, ma drafts.

   Mutha kuzichotsa podula masamba omwe akhudzidwa ndikuyika mbewuyo mumphika watsopano. Pofuna kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, yankho la adyo kapena Fundazol ndiloyenera.
2. Bacteriosis. Chizindikiro chake ndi malo amadzi pamasamba, omwe pambuyo pake amafalikira m'nkhalango. Njira yolimbirana ndikuchotsa masamba omwe akhudzidwa ndikusintha tchire ndi madzi a Bordeaux.

Mafinya: kuzindikira, zoyambitsa ndi zochita

Mafuta a Basamu nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi nkhupakupa - awa ndi tizirombo tating'onoting'ono tosasangalatsa tomwe timayamwa msuzi wonse pachitsa. Nsabwe za m'masamba, ziphuphu ndi ntchentche zoyera ndizoopsa ku chomeracho.

Chongani infestation

Zizindikiro zake zimawoneka mukamayang'ana kumbuyo kwa tsamba kapena ma internode. Zizindikiro za matenda a kangaude - filimu yoyera kwambiri ya thinnest ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono pamasamba, kutaya kwawo kwa gloss, kuchepa kwamphamvu kwamaluwa. Zifukwa za mawonekedwewo ndi kutentha kwapamwamba komanso chinyezi chochepa. Kodi mungathane bwanji ndi akangaude a basamu?

• Kuchepetsa ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa.
• Chithandizo cha tchire ndi madzi sopo (ndibwino kuchepetsa sopo phula m'madzi). Ikani chithovu ku chomeracho, tsukani pambuyo pa mphindi 5-10. Bwerezani njirayi patatha masiku 7.
• Ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri, mankhwala amafunikira. Fitoverm ndi Vertimek ali pamndandanda wawo. Sankhani mlingo malinga ndi malangizo.

Cyclamen mite amathanso kuwonongera mafuta a basamu. Imapundula masamba achichepere, masamba ofananira nawo ndi mphukira. Chomeracho chimataya mfundo zake zokula ndikufa msanga. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titha kuchotsa pokhapokha mukalandira mankhwala a acaricides.

Aphid

Tizilombo timayamwa msuzi m'masamba, kenako kupindika kwawo ndikumangidwa kwawo kumachitika. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu, njira ya photosynthesis ndi yosathekaZotsatira zake, mafuta a basamu amasiya kukula bwino ndipo amamwalira.

Zimakhala zovuta kuzindikira matendawa kuthengo, koma zisa za nsabwe za m'masamba zoyera zimawonekera pamakoma a mphikawo.

Zofunika! Chifukwa cha chitukukochi ndi chisamaliro chosayenera komanso kuthirira mosasinthasintha (tizilombo timachulukana panthaka youma).

Mutha kuzindikira nsabwe za m'masamba mukamaika kapena kuyesa mizu. Njira za anthu zolimbikira - zokometsera za masamba a fodya, mankhusu a anyezi ndi chowawa. Komanso, chitsamba chodwala chimatha kuchiritsidwa ndi phulusa, fumbi la fodya kapena phulusa losakaniza ndi sopo.

Kodi kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba? Mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito basamu - Fas, Decis, Actellik. Mlingo ndi ntchito zake zimadalira kukula kwa chomeracho (gwiritsani ntchito malangizowo). Mukamakonza ndi mankhwala, dothi mumphika liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi zojambulazo.

Zowonjezera zochita:

1. Kuchotsa zidutswa zowonongeka ndi zouma.
2. Chithandizo cha magawo odulidwa ndi tizirombo. Kutaya chitsamba ndi yankho la fodya wouma ndi therere la tansy.
3. Mu mphika, sinthani nthaka, sungani mphikawo.

Whitefly

Powoneka, tizilombo timafanana ndi njenjete yaying'ono yoyera. Nthawi yoswana (kuyambira kuyikira mazira mpaka kutulutsa munthu) ndi masiku 35-40.

Whitefly imayikira mazira kumbuyo kwa tsamba, kenako mphutsi zimatuluka m'mazira amenewa, omwe amadya chitsamba chonse cha basamu.

Popita nthawi, khungu la mphutsi limayamba kulimba, ndipo anthu amakhala osagonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala ena. Chifukwa chake, chomeracho chimayenera kukonzedwa kangapo, kuwona kupumula kwamasiku 4-6.

Zizindikiro za matenda - masamba amataya mtundu wobiriwira, mawanga achikaso amawonekera, kenako amauma ndikugwa. Zotsatira zowopsa ndikufa kwathunthu kwa chomeracho.

Kutchulidwa. Gulugufeyu amatulutsanso madzi a shuga omwe amakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a sooty fungus.

Kodi kupha gulugufe?

1. Kusamba pafupipafupi. Mazira ndi mphutsi zimatha kuthiriridwa ndi madzi. Ndikofunikira kukonza mbali zonse ziwiri za pepala.
2. Kuchotsa madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi tchire.
3. Kuwononga anthu omwe ali ndi tizirombo. Olemba zamaluwa amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito Karbofos, Tanrek, Actellik. Awa ndi mankhwala owopsa omwe amaletsedwa kupopera nyumba. Muyenera kuchita izi pakhonde kapena mumsewu.
4. Njira ina m'malo mwa mankhwala ndi mankhwala apanyumba. Mutha kupanga basamu ndi grated tincture wa adyo. Pakuphika, muyenera kugaya ma clove 1-2, kuwasandutsa gruel. Thirani madzi otentha ndi kusiya kwa maola atatu. Gwiritsani ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kawiri patsiku.

Thrips

Tizilombo timawopseza kawiri: amafooketsa tchire, pokhala tizilombo, komanso amanyamula kachilombo ka mosaic - matenda owopsa a basamu wamkati. Vutoli limatha kupezeka ndi kusintha kwa masamba achichepere pamwamba ndikusintha kwakukula.

Kukula kwakukulu kwa tizirombo, kumaipira maluwa. Mphepete imayamba kuuma, ndipo tizilombo tamoyo titha kuwoneka pakatikati pa corolla.

Njira yayikulu yothanirana nawo ndikuchotsa zidutswa zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka ndikuchiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ndikofunika kupatula chitsamba chokhudzidwacho ndi zina zonse. Muyenera kupopera mbewu ndi Tanrek kapena Aktellik.

Tanrek iyenera kuchepetsedwa pamlingo wa 1 ml pa 5 l kapena 2 ml pa 10 l (ndikofunikira kuyeza mankhwala ndi sirinji). Mlingo wa Actellik wa matenda akulu: 1 ampoule pa 1 litre la madzi. Njira yopopera mbewu imayenera kubwerezedwa pakatha masiku 5-7.

Chithunzi

Kenako, mutha kuwona chithunzi cha matenda ndi tizirombo ta basamu:

Njira zodzitetezera

Njira yayikulu yodzitetezera ndi chisamaliro choyenera. Ndikofunika kuti mphika wa basamu upeze dzuwa lokwanira. Pewani kutuluka kwa tizirombo mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa nthawi zonse ndi madzi wamba (madzi sayenera kugwera maluwa).

M'dzinja, ndibwino kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito mavalidwe apamwamba kamodzi pamasabata 2-3. Feteleza ayenera kukhala ndi nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuchepetsa kuthirira, ndikuyika mphika wa basamu pamalo ozizira (kutentha kwa madigiri 15-17).

Mapeto

Mafuta a basamu ndi maluwa okongola. Chitsamba chimatha kusandulika ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mutha kuchotsa zovulaza za tizirombo podula zidutswa zomwe zili ndi kachilombo panthawi yake ndikukonzanso mankhwala. Njira yayikulu yodzitetezera ndikutsatira malamulo a chisamaliro.