Zonse za shrub zinadzuka mumphika. Makhalidwe a maluwa, amalamulira kukula ndi kusamalira kunyumba

Kuwonera duwa pachimake pawindo lanu nthawi iliyonse yachiloto ndikulota kwa mayi aliyense wapanyumba.

Ngakhale kuvuta kwa chisamaliro, maluwa amnyumba akukhala ofala kwambiri chaka chilichonse.

Ndipo izi ndi zolondola - pambuyo pake, kwa wolima mosamala, duwa lankhalango lidzakondweretsa abwenzi ndi abale kwa zaka zambiri.

M'nkhaniyi tikuwuzani zabwino zonse zosamalira chipinda chanyumba, momwe mungakulire moyenera komanso zovuta zomwe zingakhalepo.

Kufotokozera kwa botanical

Maluwa amkati, monga anzawo m'munda, ali ndi zimayambira zakuda ndi minga, masamba olimba obiriwira obiriwira. Maonekedwe, utoto ndi kukula kwa mphukira kumasiyanasiyana, kutengera mtundu wazomera.

Mawonekedwe:

Chosiyana ndi chipinda chanyumba ndikuchepa kwake - sichipitilira 50 cm kutalika. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo linalake la mitunduyi ndi njira yoberekerana.

Ndikofunikira kuti duwa limakula kuchokera ku cuttings, osati kumtengowo, popeza lachiwiri limakhala kunyumba.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwakumera maluwa amkati

Kukula chomera ichi mnyumba kumakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino.:

• Maluwa pachaka. Mukakhala ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mutha kusangalala ndi ma rosebuds nthawi yozizira komanso yotentha. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mitundu ina imafuna kupumula pang'ono pakati pa maluwa.
• Kukula kwakukulu. Makulidwe abwino a chomeracho komanso mizu yake imakulolani kuti musungire duwa mumphika wawung'ono pazenera.
• Popeza duwa lamtchire ndi amodzi mwamaluwa am'maluwa, ngati angafune, atha kusamutsidwa kupita kumalo komwe kukapitilizabe kukondweretsa ena.

Koma palinso zovuta zomwe muyenera kudziwa musanagule chipinda chanyamuka:

• Zovuta kusiya... Chomeracho chimakhala chodabwitsa kwambiri komanso chimazindikira kutentha kapena kusowa kwa dzuwa, chinyezi, kusintha kwa kutentha. Amafuna chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro.
• Kufunika kwa "kugona"... Mitundu ina yamaluwa yamtchire imafunika kupuma pakati pa maluwa, pomwe chomeracho chiyenera kusungidwa bwino.
• Kununkhira pang'ono kapena ayi... Mosiyana ndi abale ndi alongo onunkhira bwino, kununkhira kwamitundu yambiri yamaluwa m'nyumba kumakhala kofooka komanso kochenjera.

Mbiri yachidule ya chiyambi

M'mabuku akale amaluwa, China imawonetsedwa ngati chiyambi chanyumba. Komabe, olemba ena amalankhula za Southeast Asia ndi Europe ngati kwawo kwa chomerachi.

Momwe mungakulire nyumba zadothi?

Kufika

1. Kubzala mbewu kuchokera mumphika wotumiza mumphika wokhazikika sikuyenera kukhala koyambilira kuposa milungu iwiri mutagula. Izi ndichifukwa chakusowa kosintha maluwa kukhala atsopano.
2. Mphika wokhawo sayenera kukhala wokulirapo - nthaka, yolukidwa ndi mizu, imadwala acidification, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu. Kukula bwino pakukula kulikonse kudzakhala kukulirakulira kwa 2 cm m'mimba mwake ndi masentimita 5-6 kuya.
3. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yotayirira komanso yopatsa thanzi. Kuphatikiza peat, mchenga ndi nthaka yakuda ndizoyenera kwambiri maluwa. Njira yabwino kwambiri ingakhale kugula chisakanizo chapadera chamaluwa kuti mumere maluwa amtchire, koma mutha kukonza dothi nokha. Poterepa, zimatengedwa:
   • 15% mchenga;
   • Nthaka yakuda 20%;
   • Peat 25%.

   Misa yotsalayo imapezeka ndi nthaka ya humus ndi munda.

4. Musanadzalemo, nthaka imasakanizidwa bwino ndikuthira madzi ofunda.

Pofuna kupewa kuchepa kwa chinyezi, komwe duwa silimalekerera bwino, dothi lokulitsa limatsanulidwa pansi pamphika musanadzalemo.

Pofuna kusintha, maluwa akhoza kuikidwa pamodzi ndi mtanda woumbidwa ndi mizu, ndipo malo otsala mumphikawo akhoza kudzazidwa ndi kusakaniza kwadothi. Izi zimachepetsa mwayi wowononga mizu, ndipo chomeracho pang'onopang'ono chimazolowera nthaka yatsopano.

Momwe mungasamalire?

Muyenera kukhala osamala komanso osamala momwe mungathere pophunzira malamulo okula tchire, chifukwa chomerachi chimakonda chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro. Ndi njira yoyenera, vuto la kusamalira duwa lanyumba limalipira mokwanira ndi maluwa ake okongola.

Mikhalidwe yomangidwa

• Malo... Maluwa amkati amakonda danga laulere, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyiyika kuti isakumane ndi masamba ndi mbewu zina. Kungakhale bwino kuyika duwa lachitsamba kapena pafupi ndi zenera lakumwera.

  Maluwa amafunika kupeza mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse, koma zoyeserera ziyenera kupewedwa.

• Kutentha... Rosa ndi thermophilic, koma imazindikira nyengo yotentha kwambiri, chifukwa chake kutentha kokwanira pakukula ndi maluwa kudzakhala +14 .. + 25 ° С. Nthawi yopuma, kutentha mchipinda ndi duwa sikuyenera kupitirira +5 .. + 8 ° C.
• Chinyezi... Ndikofunika kupereka chinyezi chokwanira osati nthaka yokha, komanso mpweya wa maluwa. Kuti muchite izi, kawiri pa sabata, ndipo nyengo yotentha tsiku lililonse, masamba amapopera madzi otentha, okhazikika. Kuthirira madzi othirira madzi kumachepetsedwa pogona.
• Kuyatsa... Chomeracho chimafuna kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndichifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiike pazenera lakumwera kapena khonde. Ndi ntchito zowonjezereka za dzuwa, mutha kusindikiza chomeracho kuti mupewe kuwotcha masamba, koma osazunza.
• Kuthirira... Duwa lokula ndikufalikira limathiriridwa nthawi zambiri, tsiku lililonse kapena tsiku lililonse, makamaka nthawi yotentha. Ndi bwino kuthirira pang'ono, popeza duwa limakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chinyezi chowonjezera. Onetsetsani kuti chinyezi chochulukirapo sichikunjikiranamo ndikuchotsa nthawi yomweyo. Thirani chitsamba ndi madzi ofunda, okhazikika madzulo. Popumula, duwa limathiriridwa kawirikawiri, koma kuti mizu isamaume.
• Zovala zapamwamba... Pakukula mwachangu, mutha kudyetsa chomeracho milungu iwiri iliyonse pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zomwe zimapangidwira maluwa a m'nyumba. Pakapuma, duwa limakhala ndi umuna kamodzi pamwezi.
• Kudulira... Kudulira kumachitika pokonzekera duwa la "kugona". Kuti muchite izi, chotsani nthambi zonse zofooka komanso zowuma, chepetsani mphukira iliyonse, ndikusiya masamba 5-6. Ngati simutengulira, pakapita nthawi, mphukira zidzatambasula, zimawoneka zosasangalatsa, ndipo maluwawo adzasauka.
• Tumizani... Kuika ndi njira ina pokonzekera duwa lachisanu ndipo imachitika chaka chilichonse mukadulira. Mphika womwe chomeracho chimasunthira uyenera kukhala 2 cm wokulirapo ndi 5-6 cm kutalika kuposa wakale. Duwa limabzalidwa pamodzi ndi chimbudzi chadothi kuchokera mumphika wakale, monga momwe zimakhalira poyamba.
• Kupewa tizirombo ndi matenda... Pofuna kupewa kupezeka kwamatenda amkati amnyumba, m'pofunika kusamalira mosamala nyengo zomwe zili zofunikira kuzomera. Matenda ambiri a duwa amayamba chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera.

Kubereka

Njira yosavuta yofalitsira tchire m'nyumba ndi mwa kudula. Za ichi:

1. Nthambi yokhala ndi mphukira imasankhidwa ndipo phesi lalitali masentimita 15-30 limadulidwa.
2. Masamba ndi maluwa owonjezera amachotsedwa panthambi.
3. Magawo a cuttings ndi tchire la amayi amachiritsidwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate,
4. Kenako mphukira yodulidwayo imanyowetsedwa mu njira yothetsera tsiku.
5. Kudula kumabzalidwa m'nthaka yokonzeka, ikukula kotero kuti mphukira yam'mwamba ili pamwamba panthaka.
6. Madzi ndi kupopera mbewu tsiku lililonse, koma osati kwambiri.
7. Kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha, mphukira imakutidwa ndi mzikiti. Amapangidwa kuchokera kumtunda wodulidwa wa botolo ndi chikhomo kuti mpweya uzingoyenda. Dome limachotsedwa ndikuwonekera kwa masamba oyamba.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

• Kangaude... Ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timaswanirana m'malo otentha komanso otentha. Chingwe cha ukonde chimapezeka pachitsamba, zomera zazing'ono zimatha kukhudzidwa kwambiri. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga Fitoverm, Fufanon, Aktellik. Zomera zonse mnyumbamo zimathandizidwa katatu, pakadutsa masiku 10-12.
• Powdery mildew... Zimachitika ndikuthirira kambiri, kusunga duwa kuzizira, zipinda zopanda mpweya wokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. Masamba a chomeracho ali ndi pachimake choyera, chouma ndikugwa. Pofuna kuchiza matendawa, tchire limachiritsidwa ndi mkuwa sulphate kapena colloidal sulfure, mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi mbeu ziyenera kuchotsedwa.
• Dzimbiri... Zikuwoneka pamene chiŵerengero cha zigawo zikuluzikulu za mchere m'nthaka ya chomeracho chikasokonezeka. Nthawi yomweyo, mabala a bulauni amapezeka pamasamba, kukula kwa tchire kumachepetsa. Pewani vutoli pochiza chomeracho ndi iron vitriol, madzi a Bordeaux kapena oxychloride yamkuwa.

Mutha kuwona zambiri zokhudzana ndi tizirombo ta maluwa amkati ndikumenyana nawo pavidiyo ili pansipa:

Zolakwitsa zosamalira

Rose ndi chomera chosankhika ndipo kulakwitsa kulikonse pakuisamalira kumatha kubweretsa zovuta.

Tiyeni tione zolakwika zofala kwambiri:

1. Kuthirira mopopera ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kukhala m'chipinda chozizira kumabweretsa zowola muzu ndikufa.
2. Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwanyengo yozungulira, kusunthira pafupipafupi kuchokera kumalo kupita kumalo kumayambitsa kukhetsa masamba.
3. Kulephera kutsatira njira zofunikira nyengo yachisanu - kudulira ndi kubzala - kumabweretsa kuchepa kapena kutha kwa kukula ndi maluwa a duwa.
4. Chinyezi chochepa komanso kuthirira kokwanira kumatsogolera pakuwuma kwa masamba ndi masamba ndikutsika kwawo.

Pofuna kukonza zolakwika pamwambapa ndikupewa kufa kwa chomera, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa nthawi yayitali momwe duwa limakhalira, ndikutsatira mosamala malingaliro onse osamalira omwe afotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.

M'nyumba tchire duwa ndi chomera chokongola chomwe amasangalatsa eni ake ukufalikira masamba nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti maluwa awa ndi ovuta kusamalira ndi kuyandikira kapezedwe kake ndiudindo.

Onerani kanemayo: Foundation Plants (July 2024).