Onunkhira ananyamuka Dona wa Shallot. Makhalidwe a maluwa, malamulo a chisamaliro ndi kulima, chithunzi

Maluwa, omwe nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kwa oyamba kumene, komanso duwa lomwe limalimbana kwambiri ndi matenda komanso nyengo yovuta, amatchedwa Lady of Shallot.

Kukongola kwa golide wonyezimira wonyezimira wagolide amawerengedwa bwino kwambiri. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti timere ngakhale m'malo ozizira.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mawonekedwe a duwa, malamulo a chisamaliro ndi kulima, zithunzi zofananira zimatumizidwa.

Kufotokozera

Lady of Shallot ndi duwa lolimba... Imakhudzanso ndi maluwa ataliatali. Salimoni wosakhwima wagolide amamasula kukhala maluwa obiriwiratu. Maluwa a pinki amakhala ndi chikasu chagolide pansi. Pali kuyambira 1 mpaka 3 mwa iwo pa tsinde. Kukula kwa maluwa masentimita 8-10. Tchire limakula mpaka masentimita 120 kutalika ndi masentimita 100 m'lifupi. Mlimiyo amalimbana kwambiri ndi powdery mildew ndi malo akuda ndipo samadwala. Nyengo yoyendera chisanu 5. Bwerezani maluwa osiyanasiyana ndi fungo labwino. Masambawo amakula kuchokera mkuwa mpaka kubiriwira.

Tikulangiza kuwonera kanema wonena za Dona wa Shallot ananyamuka:

Chithunzi

Pansipa muwona chithunzi cha duwa lazosiyanasiyana izi:

Mbiri yoyambira

Rose Lady wa Shallot adawonekera ku England mu 2009 chifukwa cha woweta David Austin. M'mbuyomu, mlimi wina wachingerezi wosavuta, pakati pa zaka za zana la 20, adayamba kupanga mitundu yake yamaluwa, ndipo tsopano maluwa ake amadziwika padziko lonse lapansi.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani ndi mitundu ina?

Lady of Shallot akupirira komanso amalimbana ndi matenda. Pakati pa maluwa achingelezi, mitundu iyi imakhala ndi chitsamba chokwanira (mpaka 100 cm).

Pamasamba atsamba lathu mupeza tsatanetsatane wa mitundu, malamulo a chisamaliro ndi mawonekedwe akukulitsa mitundu yamaluwa monga spray, Kenya, Dutch, kukwera, zitsamba, musky, Canada, park, peony ndi polyanthus.

Pachimake

• Liti komanso motani... Zosiyanasiyana zikukhalanso maluwa. M'chaka, masamba amakhala ndi nthawi yowonekera kangapo.
• Kusamalira maluwa asanayambe komanso atatha - mawonekedwe... Rose amafunika kudzisamalira. Chodziwika bwino cha Duwa lokhalanso maluwa la Shallot ndikudulira munthawi yake masamba omwe atha.
• Chochita ngati sichikuphuka... Maluwa sangaphukire mchaka choyamba cha moyo. Ngati mulibe maluwa nthawi zina, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kutsatira kutalika kwa nthawi ya masana. Kodi chomeracho chimakhala mumthunzi nthawi zonse? Ngati akhudzidwa ndi tizirombo kapena matenda, ayenera kuchiritsidwa. Maluwa sangachitike chifukwa chamadzi kapena madzi apafupi.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kazithunzi

Duwa lofewa lingagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi maluwa ena. Mwachitsanzo, ndi wotumbululuka pinki Laurent Cabrol, pichesi Lady Emma Hamilton, pinki Lydia.

Kuphatikiza kwa mitundu ya duwa wina ndi mnzake komanso ndi mbewu zina ndikofunikira pakupanga masamba.

Maluwa akuphatikizidwa ndi udzu wobiriwira, tirigu, osatha. D. Austin pakupanga malo akuvomereza zotsatirazi:

• Mitundu yambiri ndiyabwino pakafunika maluwa a duwa kuti athe kuswana ndikukula mbewu zogulitsa.
• Kuti maluwawo aziwoneka okongola, mitundu iliyonse imabzalidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, pafupifupi makope atatu pamtunda wa 0,5-0.75 m kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Ngati tchire liri ndi korona wopingasa, mtundawo ukhoza kuchepetsedwa mpaka 0,3 m.
• Maluwa a Austin a mitundu yosiyanasiyana amayenda bwino. Mitundu yofewa ya masambawo imagwirizana, koma osaphatikizana ndi zikhalidwe zamitundu yowala yosiyanasiyana.

Gawo lirilonse ndi malangizo akusamalira

Kusankha malo obwera

Popeza tchire limakula bwino, posankha malo muyenera kulabadira zomwe zizungulira rosa. Palibe zitsamba zina zomwe zimayenera kukula mkati mwa utali wa 1-1.5 m, ndipo mitengo yayitali siyabwino mkati mwa utali wa mita 2.5. Zomera zazikuluzikulu zimatha kutenga michere yonse m'nthaka ndipo maluwa ake sangakhale okwanira. Chiwembucho chimasankhidwa dzuwa, lotetezedwa ku mphepo ndi ma drafts. Malo otsika omwe chinyezi chimasonkhanitsa amatha kuwononga chomeracho.

Nthawi

Kubzala nthawi yophukira kapena masika kudzachita bwino. Pakugwa, duwa liyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yolimba mkati mwa miyezi 1.5 isanayambike chisanu choyamba. M'chaka, chomeracho chimabzalidwa m'mabowo okonzedwa kuyambira nthawi yophukira.

Kodi nthaka iyenera kukhala yotani?

Dothi labwino lomwe mungasankhe ndi lotseguka ndi nkhokwe zachonde za humus. Nthaka zadothi ziyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi mchenga musanadzalemo, ndi dothi lowala lamchenga ndi dongo, peat ndi humus wachonde. Dothi lamchere limayenera kukhala lachilendo ndi chakudya cha mafupa.

Kufika

Maluwa amagulidwa ngati mbande. Ngati mizu ili ndi chotengera chadothi, ndiye chimatsalira ndipo chomeracho chimabzalidwa mu dzenje lokonzedwa. Malo olumikizawo adayikidwa m'nthaka ndi 3-6 cm.

Ngati mmera uli ndi mizu yotseguka, ndiye kuti mizu imasungidwa m'madzi kwa maola angapo. Mutha kuwasunga muzowonjezera mizu.

1. Mukamabzala pamalo osankhidwa, dzenje limakumbidwa osachepera 60 cm kuya ndi 40 cm mulifupi.
2. Masentimita 10 amatsanulira pansi, kenako feteleza (kompositi, biohumus), kenako nthaka.
3. Mbeu imayikidwa pakati pa dzenje ndikuwaza mosamala ndi madzi, ndiye kuti chitsambacho chiyenera kuthiriridwa ndikuthira.

Kutentha

Rose Lady wa Shallot ndi wa chigawo chachisanu cha hardiness yozizira.

Kuthirira

• M'ngululu ndi nthawi yophukira dona wa Shalotte rose adathiriridwa 1-2 kamodzi sabata, pafupifupi malita 10 pansi pa chitsamba.
• Chilimwe mukutentha, muyenera kuthirira madzi pafupipafupi.
• M'dzinja ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa kwathunthu.

Zovala zapamwamba

Kwa maluwa ochuluka, kudyetsa ndikofunikira nthawi 2-3 m'nyengo yokula.... Manyowa a nayitrogeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa maluwa. Isanachitike nyengo yozizira, potaziyamu-phosphorous complex imayambitsidwa kugwa. Feteleza organic ingagwiritsidwe nthawi yotentha.

Kupalira

Maluwa amafunikira kupalira mosamala ndikuchotsa namsongole, zomwe zitha kumaliza zipatso m'nthaka kuti zikule. Momwemonso, dothi lotayirira, lomwe simukhala mizu ya udzu, limalola mpweya wabwino kudutsa bwino.

Kudulira

Kudulira Rose kumaphatikizapo:

1. Zodzitetezera Kudulira kumachitika kugwa kuti achotse mphukira zodwala kapena zowuma.
2. Wopanga... Kudulira kofooka kumachitika pambuyo pa maluwa. Masamba oyamba amadulidwa, apo ayi maluwa sadzachitika.

   M'chaka, mutha kukonzanso chitsamba chakale kupitirira zaka zitatu. Kudulira kwakukulu kwa ziboliboli kuli koyenera nthawi yotentha.

   Kusokoneza kulikonse kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi kudulira koyera komanso koyera.

Kusamukira kumalo ena

Zomera zokhwima zimatha kubzalidwa nthawi yophukira kapena masika kumalo atsopano.... Zimayambira kumadulidwa momwe zingathere, ndipo ngati chisankho chapangidwa kuti chikhale mchilimwe, masambawo amachotsedwanso.

Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira

Alimi ena samateteza Lady of Shallot m'nyengo yozizira kudera lachisanu losagwirizana ndi chisanu (Middle Volga dera, Urals, Central Europe Russia, Northwestern Russia). Ngati pakufunika pogona, ndiye kuti amapangidwa ndi zokutira zosaluka, polyethylene imawonjezedwa pamwamba. Mizu ya tchire ili ndi nthaka.

Ndondomeko ndi ndondomeko ya momwe mungabadwire

Kwa maluwa aku Austin, kufalitsa masamba okhaokha ndikovomerezeka.

Njira yoyika:

1. m'chaka kapena chilimwe, mphukira ya pachaka imasankhidwa;
2. amadula pa khungwa (pa impso);
3. mphukirayo imagwada pansi ndikukumba pansi;
4. mmera umathiriridwa nthawi ndi nthawi, pakugwa kumayenera kuzika.

Kugawidwa kwa tchire kumachitika motere: chitsamba chimakumbidwa kumayambiriro kwamasika (isanatuluke mphukira) ndipo mizu ndi tchire palokha limagawika magawo 2-3 ndikuziyika kumalo osankhidwa. M'chaka choyamba, masambawo ayenera kudulidwa ndipo duwa siloledwa kuphulika.

Kudula ndi njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yoswana.:

1. Mphukira zobiriwira zimazika mofulumira, koma mphukira zowongoka ndizoyeneranso kumtengowo. Cuttings amadulidwa pambuyo maluwa m'chilimwe.
2. Mitengo itatu kapena kupitilira apo imatsalira pamodzi.
3. Kudula kumtunda ndi kumunsi kumapangidwa pamtunda wa 45 °.
4. Zojambulazo zakulitsidwa masentimita angapo m'nthaka, zimathiriridwa momwe zingafunikire, ndipo pakatha mwezi ziyenera kuzika.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Lady of Shallot amalimbana ndi powdery mildew ndi wakuda banga. Matenda enanso otheka:

• powdery mildew;
• dzimbiri;
• imvi zowola.

Matenda akulu a maluwawa ndendende matenda opatsirana. Nthawi zina duwa limakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo:

• chimbalangondo;
• kangaude;
• chishango;
• ndalama;
• ananyamuka tsamba mayina.

Pofuna kulimbana ndi tizilombo, mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Powdery mildew imawonongedwa ndi madzi a Bordeaux. Ndipo popewa ma virus omwe amanyamula tizilombo, mbande zimayenera kuthiridwa mankhwala.

Rose Lady wa Shallot amalekerera kuzizira, chisanu mpaka -30 ° C (ndi mitundu iti ya maluwa yomwe imakhala yolimba m'nyengo yozizira?). Maluwa samavutika nyengo yamvula. Komanso, zosiyanasiyanazi sizingatengeke ndi matenda ndipo zimamasula kwambiri. Olima minda amasankha mitundu iyi chifukwa cha maluwa ake okongola komanso onunkhira omwe amafanana ndi mitundu ya mbandakucha.