Zapadera za mtundu wosakanizidwa wa zipatso - mandimu ya Panderosa. Malangizo osamalira ndi kubereka

Lemon Panderoza ndi amodzi mwamitundu yodzichepetsa kwambiri ya zipatso, yodziwika ndi kuthekera kwake kuthana ndi zovuta zilizonse zakunja. Zipatso zamtunduwu ndizazikulu kuposa zina.

M'nkhaniyi, mutha kudziwana bwino ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe amitundu yosangalatsa iyi ya mandimu, mawonekedwe ake osamalira ndi mbiri ya komwe idachokera.

Mbiri yakuyambira kwakusiyanasiyana ndi dzina lake

Lemon Panderosa (Ponderosa) ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa womwe umapezeka podutsa zipatso zamphesa, mandimu ndi mandimu. Dzinalo ndimu limachokera ku Latin "ponderous", "heavy". Palinso mtundu wina wa chiyambi cha dzina la wosakanizidwa - kuchokera ku liwu lachi Italiya "ponderosa", lomwe lingamasuliridwe kuti "wamphamvu, wamphamvu".

Zipatso za Panderoza zimasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya mandimu kukula kwake kwakukulu.

Palinso malingaliro osiyana pankhani ya kutuluka kwa Panderoza. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, izi ndizachilengedwe, zomwe zidapezeka mwangozi ku United States mu 1887. Dzina la mitundu yatsopanoyi idaperekedwa pambuyo pake, ndipo idawonekera pamsika mu 1900 okha. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, wosakanizidwa adapezeka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19 ndi Bowman wamaluwa waku America.

India imawerengedwa kuti ndi komwe mandimu amabadwira... Sichimera kuthengo chifukwa ndi chosakanizidwa. Amakula makamaka m'maiko ofunda:

• Italy;
• Spain;
• Greece;
• Nkhukundembo;
• Kupro;
• Lebanon.

Ku Russia, Panderoza yakula m'malo otentha a Caucasus.

Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi

Ndimu Panderoza ndi kamtengo kakang'ono kokongoletsera, komwe kutalika kwake sikumadutsa mita. Amatanthauza zomera zapakatikati. Makungwawo ndi otuwa, obiriwira; mu mbewu zazikulu, minga imatha kupezeka pa thunthu ndi nthambi.

Masamba ndi ovunda, obiriwira kwambiri mdima wandiweyani, olimba komanso osalala mpaka kukhudza. Zaka zitatu zilizonse mtengo umasintha masamba... Korona ndiyosavuta kupanga, imakhala bwino.

Pansipa pali zithunzi:

Pachimake

Izi Mitunduyi imasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi maluwa ake ena... Panderoza amatha kuphulika kawiri kapena katatu mchaka chimodzi, ndipo maluwawo "amamatira" chomeracho kotero kuti chimatha kukula ngakhale pamtengo, ndipo ngakhale masamba sawoneka pamtengo womwewo, amasandulika mpira waukulu wonunkhira wamaluwa oyera oyera a kirimu mu burashi.

Kukongola koteroko kumakondweretsa diso, koma padzakhala zipatso zochepa, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudula maluwawo munthawi yake, osayembekezera kuti aphulike, apo ayi maluwa ochulukirapo amalepheretsa kukula kwa masamba ndi nthambi.

Zipatso

Mbewu yoyamba yamtengo imatha kukololedwa chaka chachiwiri mutabzala. Ndi chifukwa cha kukula kwa zipatso za Panderoza chomwe chidadziwika - ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mutha kupeza mandimu akulemera kilogalamu komanso pamwambapa.

Ma mandimu amatha kukhala ozungulira kapena owoneka ngati peyala, opindika, achikasu, amakhala ndi makulidwe pafupifupi 1 cm.Mkati mwake ndi wowawasa, kukoma sikuli kwa ndimu, imakhalanso ndi zolemba za mandimu ndi zipatso zamphesa. Pali mbewu zambiri mu zamkati.

Zosiyana

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, gawo lalikulu la mtundu uwu wosakanizidwa ndi zipatso zake, zomwe zimasiyana ndi zipatso za mitundu ina ya mandimu osati kukula kwawo kokha, komanso kukoma. Makhalidwe ena azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana ndikumangika komanso maluwa ambiri.

Chisamaliro chosakanizidwa chimalamulira kunyumba

Kutentha

Panderoza amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwa mandimu otentha kwambiri., imalekerera kutentha ndi nyengo youma bwino. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zosiyanasiyana zimakondanso mpweya wabwino, ndiye khonde ndiye malo abwino kwambiri kukuliramo mnyumbamo. Mutha kungoyika mphika wa Panderosa pafupi ndi zenera.

Kuthirira

Ndimu iyi sikutanthauza kuthirira pafupipafupi. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mudzaze mtengo wa mandimu, ndikwanira kuti dothi likhale lonyowa pang'ono. Mukawona kuti nthaka yakunja yauma, thirirani mtengowo. Ndi bwino kuthirira kamodzi pamlungu.

Muyeneranso kuwunika chinyezi ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, sinthani mosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito zopangira zina. Panderosa amakonda kupopera mankhwala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa sabata pogwiritsa ntchito botolo la kutsitsi.

Kuyatsa

Sankhani malo owala bwino ndimu; sakonda mthunzi. Mutha kuyika chomeracho kumwera. kumbukirani, izo m'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira Panderose amafunikira kuyatsa kwina.

Kapangidwe ka dothi

Nthaka iyenera kusankhidwa kukhala yathanzi. Chitsanzo chabwino cha dothi lotere lingakhale dothi lomwe limaphatikizapo nkhuni kapena nthaka yamasamba, humus ndi mchenga wosakanikirana mofanana.

Kudulira

Ndibwino kuti mudule mandimu kumayambiriro kwa masika, makamaka musanadye maluwa.... Izi zimachitika molingana ndi malamulo awa:

1. Mphukira yayikulu imfupikitsidwa ikakula mpaka masentimita 18-23. Njirayi imachitika mchaka choyamba cha moyo wa chomeracho ndipo ithandizanso pantchito yake yanthambi.
2. 3-4 mphukira zolimba, zogawanika zimatsalira pamtengowo. Akakula mpaka masentimita 20, amatsinidwa (masamba 2-3 apamwamba amachotsedwa).
3. Mphukira ziwiri zatsalira pa mphukira zomwe zapezeka mgulu lachiwiri. Zapinidwa mofanana ndi zam'mbuyomu.
4. Pa mphukira zatsopanozi, nthambi 3 mpaka 5 zimapangidwa, zomwe nthambi zake zimakula, pomwe zipatso zimamangirizidwa.

Zovala zapamwamba

Podyetsa, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wapadera wa zipatso za citrus. Pakukula kwa chomeracho, muyenera kuchidyetsa kamodzi pamasabata awiri. M'dzinja ndi dzinja, simuyenera kuchita izi pafupipafupi, kamodzi pamwezi ndikwanira.

Mphamvu

Miphika yadothi ndiyabwino kwambiri kulima mandimu, chifukwa dongo limakhala lovomerezeka, lomwe limachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mizu ndikuthira kwa nthaka. Koma ngati madzi akusowa, dongo limatha kutulutsa chinyezi.

Tumizani

Kuika kumayenera kuchitika mukazindikira kuti mbewuyo yadzaza mumphika wake. Pofuna kumuika, konzani mphika wokwanira masentimita atatu kuposa wakale.

Kuika malamulo:

1. Timatsanulira ngalande mumphika (ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lokulitsa), pafupifupi theka la mphikawo. Fukani ndi nthaka yochepa.
2. Chotsani ndimu mosamala mumphika wakale ndikusamala mizu. Ngati pali mizu yovunda, chotsani mosamala, kenako tiumitsa clod lapansi.
3. Tiyeni tichite dzenje m'nthaka, kuthira mumphika watsopano wa ngalande. Ngati mmera wayima pansi, onjezerani nthaka pamwamba pa ngalandeyo.
4. Fukani ndi nthaka pamwamba ndi kupondaponda kuti pasakhale mpweya wotsalira. Madzi ndi kumasula nthaka pang'ono.

Nyengo yozizira

Miyezi iwiri nyengo yozizira isanayambe, tengani ndimu pamalo omwe mukufuna kuyikamo nthawi yachisanu. Loggia kapena pakhonde ndi malo oyenera. Ndikofunikira kuti pakhale nyengo yabwino yozizira - kuwala kochepa komanso kutentha kokhazikika kwa madigiri 7-10. kumbukirani, izo kusintha kwakuthwa kwa kutentha kumatha kupangitsa masamba kugwa.

Makhalidwe a chisamaliro chakunja

Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa mandimu, kuchikula panja sichinthu chophweka. Tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala Panderoza pamalo otseguka masika, koma dikirani mpaka dothi litenthe bwino. Ndi bwino kubzala ngalande.

Podzala, sankhani malo ofunda, owala, koma osabzala mbewu padzuwa - zipatso za citrus sizimakonda kutentha kochokera madigiri +30 ndi kupitirira apo. Kuthirira kumayenera kukhala kokhazikika koma koyenera. Kuwaza kumalimbikitsidwa pakagwa chilala.

Chovuta chachikulu pakukula mandimu panja ndi nyengo yozizira yozizira. Kutentha kukatsika mpaka -9 digiri, chomeracho chimamwalira.

Ndikofunikira kukonzekera chikhalidwe chokonda kutentha m'nyengo yozizira. Kuti muchite izi, mphukira imapendekeka ndikukhazikika pansi pa ngalande, yokutidwa ndi matabwa ndikuwaza pamwamba ndi nthaka yolimba.

Kubereka

Mutha kufalitsa mandimu ya Panderoza mwina ndi mbewu kapena zodulira... Ikamamera ndi mbewu, imachotsedwa mu zipatso zakupsa ndikubzalidwa mu chidebe, kuti nthaka isamaume ndi hypothermia.

Zodula zitha kuzika mizu m'madzi, kapena pansi, koma pokhapokha ngati nyengo ya kutentha imapangidwira.

Kupsa ndi kukolola

Zipatso zimapsa m'miyezi 6-10. Sagwera paokha, muyenera kuzidula nokha. Akakhwima, nthawi zambiri chipatso chimakhala chachikaso chowala mopanda mawanga obiriwira. Zipatso zakupsa zimadulidwa ndikuziika pamalo ozizira zikamakhwima. Kukolola kwabwino kumapezeka mchaka chachitatu cha mbewu.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

• Panderosis imatha kugwidwa ndi nkhuku... Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri mpweya ukakhala wopanda chinyezi kapena dothi louma. Perekani madzi okwanira popewa.
• Kukhudzidwa ndi Panderoza ndi mealybugzomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhudza masamba. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timachotsedwa mmera ndipo nthambi zimachiritsidwa ndi mowa.

Ndimu ya Panderosa ndi zipatso zosadzichepetsa komanso zokongola zomwe zidzakhala zokongola m'nyumba mwanu ndipo zidzakusangalatsani ndi zokolola zabwino mosamala komanso mikhalidwe yabwino.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwonere kanema wonena za mandimu a Panderose: